scholarly journals RAINFALL AND THE WIDTH OF ANNUAL RINGS IN PLANTED WHITE SPRUCE

1961 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
June July

The influence of monthly rainfall on the mean annual ring width in a 31-year-old plantation of white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, on sandy soils near Grand'Mère, Quebec, was studied. Analysis carried out on 43 dominant trees growing without competition on a very poor dry site of coarse material indicated that current mean annual ring width is closely related to the mean monthly precipitation during June, July and August of the preceding year. Although this relationship was evident for the past 18 years, the possibility that other factors may act concurrently is recognized.

Consistent negative temperature sensitivity and positive influence of precipitation on growth of floodplain Picea glauca in Interior Alaska

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Patrick Juday ◽  
Claire Alix
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Common Signal

This paper calibrates climate controls over radial growth of floodplain white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and examines whether growth in these populations responds similarly to climate as upland trees in Interior Alaska. Floodplain white spruce trees hold previously unrecognized potential for long-term climate reconstruction because they are the source of driftwood that becomes frozen in coastal deposits, where archeological timbers and beach logs represent well-preserved datable material. We compared ring width chronologies for 135 trees in six stands on the Yukon Flats and Tanana River with temperature and precipitation at Fairbanks from 1912–2001. Our sample contains a stable common signal representing a strong negative relationship between summer temperature and tree growth. We developed a floodplain temperature index (FPTI), which explains half of the variability of the composite chronology, and a supplemental precipitation index (SPI) based on correlation of monthly precipitation with the residual of the temperature-based prediction of growth. We then combined FPTI and SPI into a climate favorability index (CFI) in which above-normal precipitation partially compensates for temperature-induced drought reduction of growth and vice versa. CFI and growth have been particularly low since 1969. Our results provide a basis for building longer chronologies based on archeological wood and for projecting future growth.

scholarly journals Influence of position within the tree stem according to growth-ring width of spruce (Picea abies /L./ KARST.) with compression wood

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Gryc ◽  
Jiří Holan
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
Growth Ring Width ◽  
Tree Stem

The work was focused on problematics of annual-rings width according to position within the tree stem. Annual-ring widths, ratio of late wood and early wood by spruce with compression wood were investigated. Statistically significant differencies of individual zones in tree were occured. Zone of compression wood showed bigger width of annual-rings, common occurence of late wood and higher percentual ratio of late wood. Obtained results agree with common results in literature. Variability of annual-ring width according to position within the tree stem was confirmed. Width of annual-ring was changed mainly according to radius of stem. In height position within the stem no more significant variability of annual-ring width was observed.

scholarly journals Computer-Graphing of Annual Ring Widths During Measurement

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 291-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. F. Fayle ◽  
D. Maclver ◽  
C. V. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Line Graphs ◽  
Graphical Display ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Annual Ring Width

Annual ring width data produced by the DIGI-MIC tree ring measurer are transmitted to an APPLE II Plus microcomputer providing the user with an immediate graphical display of the radial growth pattern of the tree. Line graphs of ring widths along radii of a stem cross section and (or) the average for successive stem sections can be compared visually, verified and edited if necessary. Average and individual values are stored on floppy diskettes for further analysis. Computational programs have been written for tabular and graphical display of the complete stem analysis data. Keywords: Annual rings, computer graphics, stem analysis.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS WOOD STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES ON GROWTH ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Kaspars Šķēle ◽  
Dace Cīrule ◽  
Anda Alksne ◽  
Jurijs Hrols
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
Parameter Values

The paper considers the variation o f annual ring parameters and physical properties of wood of the pine species prevailing in Latvia’s forests, depending on the forest type (bog-land, vacciniosa) and the growth region in Latvia (Vidzeme, Latgale). Wood samples were taken from the stem butt-end, the middle and 3 A o f the height, in its sapwood or core part. An average annual ring width, latewood and earlywood width in the year ring, the percentage of latewood in the annual ring, wood density in oven-dry state (0), tangential swelling (tg) and radial swelling (rad) o f wood, as well as volume swelling (v) and swelling anisotropy coefficient (k) o f wood were determined for the samples. A comparison of these data shows that, in the majority of cases, the indices for the wood of pines grown in vacciniose have higher values, which suggests the advantage of pine wood over the bog-land pine wood. In its turn, no unambiguous distinctions between the parameter values for pine wood o f Latgale and Vidzeme origin were found, although the pine wood of Vidzeme origin had a somewhat higher indices. It may be concluded that the greatest impact on the leading pine wood properties is caused by the forest types regarded herewith, and not the belonging o f the pine wood site to its different growth regions in Latvia.

Cost of reproduction in Douglas-fir

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1429-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousry A. El-Kassaby ◽  
Hugh J. Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Energy Allocation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Seed Cone

The balance between allocating energy resources to reproduction or growth has considerable theoretical interest. Conflicting ecological requirements and evolutionary pressures often necessitate a trade-off in energy allocation. We obtained measurements on seed-cone production and annual ring width of 365 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees from 29 open-pollinated families for 8 years. Phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations were computed for seed-cone production and ring width for each year. Five of the eight environmental correlations were negative (range −0.077 to −0.305), reflecting the reality of the trade-off in physiological terms. Six of the eight genetic correlations were negative (range −0.199 to −0.776), indicating that a trade-off exists at the genetic level between energy allocation to reproduction and to somatic growth. These findings agree with the current theory of life-history evolution. Key words: Pseudotsuga menziesii, cone production, annual ring width, genetic correlation.

scholarly journals Improved dendroclimatic calibration using blue intensity in the southern Yukon

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Wilson ◽  
K Anchukaitis ◽  
L Andreu-Hayles ◽  
E Cook ◽  
R D’Arrigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
June July ◽  
Blue Intensity

In north-western North America, the so-called divergence problem (DP) is expressed in tree ring width (RW) as an unstable temperature signal in recent decades. Maximum latewood density (MXD), from the same region, shows minimal evidence of DP. While MXD is a superior proxy for summer temperatures, there are very few long MXD records from North America. Latewood blue intensity (LWB) measures similar wood properties as MXD, expresses a similar climate response, is much cheaper to generate and thereby could provide the means to profoundly expand the extant network of temperature sensitive tree-ring (TR) chronologies in North America. In this study, LWB is measured from 17 white spruce sites ( Picea glauca) in south-western Yukon to test whether LWB is immune to the temporal calibration instabilities observed in RW. A number of detrending methodologies are examined. The strongest calibration results for both RW and LWB are consistently returned using age-dependent spline (ADS) detrending within the signal-free (SF) framework. RW data calibrate best with June–July maximum temperatures (Tmax), explaining up to 28% variance, but all models fail validation and residual analysis. In comparison, LWB calibrates strongly (explaining 43–51% of May–August Tmax) and validates well. The reconstruction extends to 1337 CE, but uncertainties increase substantially before the early 17th century because of low replication. RW-, MXD- and LWB-based summer temperature reconstructions from the Gulf of Alaska, the Wrangell Mountains and Northern Alaska display good agreement at multi-decadal and higher frequencies, but the Yukon LWB reconstruction appears potentially limited in its expression of centennial-scale variation. While LWB improves dendroclimatic calibration, future work must focus on suitably preserved sub-fossil material to increase replication prior to 1650 CE.

Hexazinone Gridballs™ applied with concurrent underplanting of white spruce in boreal mixedwoods: 7-year results

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
M 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Boreal Mixedwoods ◽  
Maximum Separation

In mid-June 1978, hexazinone Gridball™ pellets were individually placed on the ground surface in two10-m × 10-m plots at each of two grid spacings in moderate-to-dense, woody weed growth in each of three boreal mixedwood stands in the Chapleau and Manitouwadge areas of Ontario. The rates of application were equivalent to 0.0, 1.4 and 4.2 kg a.i./ha. In these and a similar number of untreated plots, 16 white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) were planted centrally in each plot at the same grid spacings used for the Gridballs™ but offset so as to give maximum separation between outplants and herbicide. The main study was supplemented by another to determine safe separation distance. GridballsTM at close spacing very significantly (P 0.01) increased growth of white spruce: at one location, the mean stem volume of spruce 7 years after planting was 438% that of spruce in the no-herbicide treatment; at a second location the comparable value was 503%. The evidence suggests that white spruce may be established in the boreal mixedwoods by underplanting and, concurrently, applying Gridballs™ at 1-m × 1-m spacing.

scholarly journals Pointer years in the growth of beech trees of the NP "Djerdap" area

2014 ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
Branko Stajic
Keyword(s):  
Tree Rings ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Pointer Years ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pronounced Reduction

This paper defines pointer years and years with distinctive tree rings in the growth of beech in 3 sites (ecological units-EU) of the area of Djerdap, in order to observe the reactions of trees to the effects of various factors of growth. The pointer years were determined by the Schweingruber (1983) methodology. The years with distintive tree rings were defined as the years of beech growth with very pronounced distinctive growth rings (annual ring width at least ? 2 standard deviations higher or lower than the arithmetic mean) and pronounced typical growth rings (annual ring width at least ? 1.5 standard deviation higher or lower than the arithmetic mean). The common pointer years for the growth of beech in the site conditions of all three ecological units are 1977 and 1988 (negative pointer years). A particular pointer year is 1988, when in more than 90% of trees under the analyzed environmental conditions the marked reduction of tree rings width of the trees (EUB) or very pronounced reduction in the width of tree rings (EUA and ESV) were observed.

scholarly journals Automatic detection of pith location along norway spruce timber boards on the basis of optical scanning

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadios Habite ◽  
Anders Olsson ◽  
Jan Oscarsson
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Thickness Direction ◽  
Clear Wood ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Knowledge of annual ring width and location of pith in relation to board cross-sections, and how these properties vary in the longitudinal direction of boards, is relevant for many purposes, such as assessment of shape mechanical properties and stability of sawn timber. Hence, the present research aims at developing a novel method and an algorithm, based on data obtained from optical surface scanning, by which the pith location along the length of sawn timber boards can be determined accurately and automatically. The first step of the method is to identify clear wood sections, free of defects along boards. Then time-frequency analysis, using the continuous wavelet transform, is applied to detect the surface annual ring width distribution of the four sides of the selected sections. Finally, the pith location is estimated by comparing annual ring width distributions on the different surfaces, and assuming that annual rings are concentric circles with the pith in the centre. The proposed algorithm was applied to a total sample of 104 Norway spruce boards. Results indicate that optical scanners and the suggested automatic method allow for accurate detection of annual ring width and location of pith along boards. For a sample of boards with the pith located within the cross-section, a mean error of 2.6 mm and 3.2  mm in the depth and thickness direction, respectively, was obtained. For a sample of boards of which 60% with pith located outside the cross-section, a mean discrepancy between automatically and manually determined pith locations of 3.9 mm and 5.8 mm in depth and thickness direction, respectively, was obtained.

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