scholarly journals Investigation of peloid from some lake in Zavkhan province

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Bayaraa B ◽  
Nomintsetseg B ◽  
Ganzaya G ◽  
Ankhzaya A` ◽  
Dolmaa G
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Physicochemical Methods

The purpose of study was to determine chemical composition and organic matter of peloids from lakes located named as Tsagaan Lake and toirom of Tsagaan Lake in Zavkhan province by chemical and modern physicochemical methods, including (X-ray, IR and ICP-AES). From the result, peloid from Tsagaan Lake was identified that peloid belongs to silt sulphide muddy type whereas characterization of peloid from toirom of Tsagaan Lake was almost similar with peloid knoll, but it is not possible to use the treatment and peloid solution was 5 to 6 times higher than the category of much pollutant. 45 elements determined in two Lakes peloid´s samples. The content of some macro elements (Al, Fe, Mg, P, Ba and K) were lower than Clark elements of sea bottom sediment whereas the content of Na, Ba were higher than it. Lipid and carbohydrate contains were between 0.03 - 0.29%, and 0.005-0.04%. Humic substances content varied between 0.19 % - 0.71% in these peloids. Organic matters, which are free, associated with minerals and absorbed extracted in peloids using non-polar and polar solvents; yield of total extract in peloids were 0.2781%, 0.4161% respectively. Завхан аймгийн зарим нуурын шаврын судалгааны дүнгээс Хураангуй: Завхан аймгийн Цагаан нуурын тойром, Цагаан нуурын шавар, шаврын уусмалын ерөнхий үзүүлэлтүүд, органик бодисын агуулга, эрдэс, элементийн найрлагыгхимийн болон физик-химийн орчин үеийн судалгааны аргуудыг (ИК, РД, ICP-AES) ашиглан судлахад Цагаан нуурын шавар нь хүхэртустөрөгчит лаг шаврын ангилалын үзүүлэлттэй, Цагаан нуурын тойрмын шавар нь бялхамал шаврын үзүүлэлтүүдтэй ойролцоо байгаа ч эмчилгээнд хэрэглэх боломжгүй бөгөөд шаврын уусмал нь маш их бохирдолттой гэсэн ангилалаас 5-6 дахин их байгааг илрүүлэн тогтоов. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан 2 нуурын эмчилгээний шаварт нийт 45 элемент бүртгэгдсэнээс зарим макроэлементүүд (Al, Fe, Mg, P, Ba, K) далайн ёроолын тунамал хурдасын кларк хэмжээнээс бага, харин Na, Ba агуулга их байна. Цагаан нуурын шаварт гумины бодис 0.71 %, липид 0.03 %, нүүрс-ус 0.04 %, Цагаан нуурын тойрмын шаварт гумины бодис 0.19 %, липид 0.29 %, нүүрс-ус 0.005 % тус тус агуулгатай байна. Шаврын чөлөөт органик нэгдэл, эрдэстэй холбогдсон болон тэдгээрт шингээгдсэн органик бодисын нийлбэр агуулга Цагаан нуурын шаварт 0.2781 %, Цагаан нуурын тойрмын шаварт 0.4161 % байгааг судлан тогтоов. Түлхүүр үг: пелоид, гумины бодис, липид, бальнеологи

Applications of NAA, PIXE and XPS for the quantification and characterization of the humic substances/iodine association

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (9-11) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mercier ◽  
Valérie Moulin ◽  
M.J. Guittet ◽  
N. Barré ◽  
N. Toulhoat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
X Ray

This paper illustrates the coupling of Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to quantify iodine contents in natural humic substances from different geochemical origins and to determine its chemical environment. Non negligible contents of iodine from some hundreds of μg/g to more than one weight per cent have been quantified in the humic substances, and iodine seems to be attached to the organic matter by covalent bonds.

scholarly journals Characterization of Soil Organic Matter Individual Fractions (Fulvic Acids, Humic Acids, and Humins) by Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Techniques in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga ◽  
Romualda Bejger ◽  
Guillaume Debaene ◽  
Bożena Smreczak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Aliphatic Chains

The objective of this paper was to investigate the molecular characterization of soil organic matter fractions (humic substances (HS): fulvic acids-FAs, humic acids-HAs, and humins-HNs), which are the most reactive soil components. A wide spectrum of spectroscopic (UV–VIS and VIS–nearIR), as well as electrochemical (zeta potential, particle size diameter, and polydispersity index), methods were applied to find the relevant differences in the behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties of HS fractions derived from various soils. Soil material (n = 30) used for the study were sampled from the surface layer (0–30 cm) of agricultural soils. FAs and HAs were isolated by sequential extraction in alkaline and acidic solutions, according to the International Humic Substances Society method, while HNs was determined in the soil residue (after FAs and HAs extraction) by mineral fraction digestion using a 0.1M HCL/0.3M HF mixture and DMSO. Our study showed that significant differences in the molecular structures of FAs, Has, and HNs occurred. Optical analysis confirmed the lower molecular weight of FAs with high amount of lignin-like compounds and the higher weighted aliphatic–aromatic structure of HAs. The HNs were characterized by a very pronounced and strong condensed structure associated with the highest molecular weight. HAs and HNs molecules exhibited an abundance of acidic, phenolic, and amine functional groups at the aromatic ring and aliphatic chains, while FAs mainly showed the presence of methyl, methylene, ethenyl, and carboxyl reactive groups. HS was characterized by high polydispersity related with their structure. FAs were characterized by ellipsoidal shape as being associated to the long aliphatic chains, while HAs and HNs revealed a smaller particle diameter and a more spherical shape caused by the higher intermolecular forcing between the particles. The observed trends directly indicate that individual HS fractions differ in behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties, which reflects their binding potential to other molecules depending on soil properties resulting from their type. The determined properties of individual HS fractions are presented as averaged characteristics over the examined soils with different physico-chemical properties.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology in Roman Opaque Red Glass from the 2nd Century AD. Archaeometric Investigation in Red Sectilia from the Decoration of the Lucius Verus Villa in Rome

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2597-2611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Bandiera ◽  
Patrice Lehuédé ◽  
Marco Verità ◽  
Luis Alves ◽  
Isabelle Biron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Colorimetric Analysis ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Colorimetric Measurements ◽  
Shed Light

This work aims to characterise the chemical composition of Roman opaque red glass sectilia dated to the 2nd century A.D and to shed light on Roman glassmaking production of different shades of red, from red to reddish-brown. Due to the lack of technical historical sources for this period many questions about technological aspects still remain. In this project a multi-disciplinary approach is in progress to investigate the red glass sectilia with several red hues from the Imperial Villa of Lucius Verus (161–169 A.D.) in Rome. First, colorimetric measurements were taken to identify the various red hues. The second step was chemical characterization of the samples and the identification of crystalline colouring phases. Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) analysis was used to investigate the chemical composition of these glass samples, while the crystalline phases were identified by Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electrons Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Using SEM-EDS nanoparticles were detected as a colouring agent, the chemical composition and the morphology of which has been studied in depth. This information has been compared with the colorimetric analysis to establish any correlation with the different colour hues.

Analysis of CoCrMo Surface Oxide Removal by Alumina Blasting before Porcelain Firing in Dental Restorations

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Henriques ◽  
Filipe Silva ◽  
Delfim Soares
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dental Restorations ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Xrf Scanning ◽  
Oxide Removal

The purpose of this work was to perform a chemical and mechanical characterization of a preoxidized CoCrMo alumina blasted surface. This is a commonly performed surface treatment used in metal-porcelain systems for dental restorations to remove oxides formed during preoxidation heat treatment from the metal’s surface. CoCrMo dental alloy’s specimens produced by lost wax process were examined in terms of chemical composition using X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS); in terms of mechanical characteristics through the means of a microhardness test and in terms of surface roughness using a profilometer. It was investigated the chemical composition of various surface conditions: non-preoxidized, preoxidized, ground oxidized surface and sandblasted oxidized surface. After alumina blasting, the oxides level on metal’s surface remained high. Alumina blasting treatment (Ø110 µm) produced an 84% increase of CoCrMo surface hardening and an increase in surface roughness (Ra=0.58 µm). It was found alumina contaminants on the metal’s surface. Therefore, it was concluded that alumina blasting do not entirely removes the oxide layer formed during preoxidation heat treatment. It produced a chemical and mechanical surface modification that can influence the metal-ceramic bond strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Liquid Ga on Metal Surfaces: Characterization of Morphology and Chemical Composition of Metals Heated in Liquid Ga

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Je Lee ◽  
Min Goo Hur ◽  
Jeong Mun Son ◽  
Jeong Hoon Park ◽  
Seung Dae Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Liquid Gallium ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Foils ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study investigates the effect of liquid gallium (Ga) on metal foils made of titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), and molybdenum (Mo). The Ti, Nb, and Mo foils were heated in liquid Ga at 120°C for a maximum of two weeks. After heating, the changes in the morphology and the chemical composition of the metal foils were analyzed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results of the analysis indicated that the Nb foil showed the minimum adhesion of liquid Ga to the surface while the maximum amount of liquid Ga was observed to adhere to the Ti foil. In addition, the Nb foil was oxidized and the Mo foil was reduced during the heating process. Considering these effects, we conclude that Mo may be used as an alternative encapsulation material for Ga in addition to Nb, which is used as the conventional encapsulation material, due to its chemical resistance against oxidation in hot liquid Ga.

scholarly journals CALCIUM OXIDE CHARACTERISTICS PREPARED FROM AMBUNTEN’S CALCINED LIMESTONE

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimatul Munawaroh ◽  
Laila Khamsatul Muharrami ◽  
Triwikantoro Triwikantoro ◽  
Zaenal Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Characteristics

<pre>Calcium oxide (CaO) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are widely used in industry. CaO and CaCO3 can be synthesized or derived from limestone. The purpose of this study to determine the characteristics of CaO calcined limestone from Ambunten Sumenep. Lime in calcined at 850 ° C for 6 hours. Characterization of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was conducted to determine the chemical composition of limestone, X-ray diffraction test (XRD) to find the lime crystalline phase and FTIR test to determine the absorption of wave number. XRF test results showed that the limestone chemical composition consisted of Ca of 95.37% as the dominant element, Mg of 4.1%, Fe 0.17% and Y by 0.39%. The XRD test results showed that the limestone crystal phase is ankerite (Ca [Fe, Mg] [CO3] 2) and after the calcined phase calcination is vaterite (Ca [OH] 2), calcite (CaO) and calcite (CaCO3). While the FTIR test results show that the CaO spectra are seen at 3741.24, 1417.12 and 874.14 cm</pre><sup>-1</sup><pre>.</pre>

scholarly journals Elaboration and characterization of new phosphate glasses based on natural phosphate and red clay: influence of the chemical composition on the chemical durability

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumaima Jamal Eddine ◽  
Mehdi El Bouchti ◽  
Omar Cherkaoui ◽  
Hassan Hannache ◽  
Said Gmouh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Natural Phosphate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quenching Method

New phosphate glass formulations based on Moroccan natural phosphate minerals alone or with Moroccan red clay additive (containing the P2O5-SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-Fe2O3-K2O-Na2O-TiO2 complex) have been successfully prepared by the quenching method. The chemical composition of each of the elaborated phosphate glasses was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). These investigated phosphate glasses have an excellent homogeneity as was verified by SEM. Their amorphous behavior was confirmed by XRD and DSC. The increase in density and glass transition temperature due to the addition of clay is believed to be related to the crosslinking of the phosphate chains. Structural investigation of these phosphate glasses was carried out using FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. The results obtained show that the composition of these glasses contains a mixture of ultraphosphate and polyphosphate structural units. The concentrations of this mixture depending on the initial composition of the glass components. A correlation between the chemical composition and the chemical durability of the investigated glasses was studied. The results showed that the dissolution rate of the glasses decreases by increasing the clay composition up to a point. This can be explained by assuming the formation of oxygen bridges and strong bonds within the various glasses.

CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC MATTER FOR THE BIOENERGY GENERATION BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysla Caroline Sousa Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Morais da Costa ◽  
Julie Brenda Santos da Silva ◽  
Glauber Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bioenergy Generation

Protein bodies in umbelliferous seeds. III. Characterization of calcium-rich crystals

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Spitzer ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Daucus Carota L

The chemical composition of the calcium-rich crystal inclusions present in the seed protein bodies of carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv. Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) was determined. Using a variety of methods including X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, microincineration, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, solubility studies, and staining, the chemical composition of the calcium-rich crystal inclusions was identified as calcium oxalate.

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