scholarly journals Dynamics of the content of ascorbic acid and catalase activity in leaves of three plant species in urban and natural environments during the vegetation period of plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Bayarmaa Jambalsuren ◽  
Munguntsooj Gonchigdorj ◽  
Purev Dondog
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Larix Sibirica ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Forest Plants ◽  
Urban Plants

In this study, we collected the leaves of three plant species, Larix sibirica, Rosa acieularus and Plantago major, during the vegetation period, growing in the same place in urban and urban forest environments. A comparative assessment of antioxidant enzyme catalase activity and content of ascorbic acid in the leaves of these plants was carried out. The results showed that the content of ascorbic acid is higher in Larix sibirica compared to Rosa acieularus (3.56 and 3 times higher) and Plantago major (15.35 and 9.76 times higher), both in urban and forest plants. In urban plants, the catalase activity was higher in Plantago major compared to Larix sibirica (7.95 times) and Rosa acieularus (1.04 times); and in forest plants the catalase activity was higher in Rosa acieularus compared to Plantago major (1.1 times) and Larix sibirica (4.13 times). In urban plants, the content of ascorbic acid was by 5.8-50% lower, and the catalase activity was by 28.9-65.7% lower than in forest plants, which indicates that the studied plants are more susceptible in urban environment. Catalase activity and ascorbic acid contents showed an inverse relationship. Depending on the plant species, the components of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems are involved in different ways in the binding of free radicals formed in plants in response to stress.  Хот болон хот орчмын ногоон бүсэд ургасан гурван зүйл ургамлын вегетацийн үеийн витамин С-ийн агууламж, каталазын идэвхийн динамик Энэхүү судалгаанд нэг орчинд ургах гурван зүйл ургамал болох Сибирь шинэс (Larix sibirica Ledb.), Өргөст нохойн хошуу (Rosa acieularus Linde.), Их таван салаа (Plantago major L.) ургамлын навчны дээжийг Улаанбаатар хот болон хот орчмын ногоон бүсээс вегетацийн хугацаанд нь цуглуулан орчиндоо дасан зохицох үйл явцад оролцох исэлдэн-ангижрах фермент болох каталазын идэвх, хүчтэй антиоксидант нэгдэл болох витамин С-ийн агууламжийн тодорхойлон харьцуулав. Судалгааны ажлын үр дүнгээр Улаанбаатар хот болон хот орчмын ногоон бүсийн ургамлуудаас Сибирь шинэс витамин С-ийн агууламжаар Өргөст нохойн хошуу (3.56 болон 3 дахин), Их таван салаа (15.35 болон 9.76 дахин)-аас өндөр байв. Их таван салаа Улаанбаатар хотын орчинд ургасан ургамлуудаас каталазын идэвхээр Сибирь шинэс (7.95 дахин), Өргөст нохойн хошуу (1.04 дахин)-аас өндөр байсан бол хот орчмын ногоон бүсийн ургамлуудын хувьд Өргөст нохойн хошуу Их таван салаа (1.1 дахин), Сибирь шинэс (4.13 дахин)-ээс каталазын идэвхээр өндөр байв. Хот орчмын ногоон бүсэд ургасан ургамлуудтай харьцуулахад Улаанбаатар хотын ургамлуудад витамин С-ийн агууламж 5.8-50%-иар каталазын идэвх 28.9-65.7%-иар буурсан ерөнхий зүй тогтол илэрсэн нь Улаанбаатар  хотын орчинд ургаж буй ургамлууд стресст илүү өрсөн байгааг гэрчлэнэ. Судалсан ургамлуудын хувьд тухайн ургамлын зүйлээс хамаарч хүрээлэн буй орчны тааламжгүй нөхцлийн хариуд үүсэх ROS-ийн нэгдлүүдийг саармагжуулахад ферментийн болон ферментийн бус системийн бүрэлдэхүүнд орох нэгдлүүд ялгаатай оролцож байхаас гадна каталазын идэвх, витамин С-ийн агууламжтай эсрэг хамааралтай байгааг бидний судалгаа харууллаа.  Түлхүүр үг: Ургамал, навч, стресс, витамин С, каталаза

scholarly journals Effects of Adjacent Land Use Types on the Composition of Vascular Flora in Urban Forest Ecotones in the Southern Poland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1440
Author(s):  
Beata Fornal-Pieniak ◽  
Barbara Żarska ◽  
Marcin Ollik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Vascular Flora ◽  
Forest Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The purpose of the research was the recognition of edge effects regarding similarities and differences of vascular flora in undergrowth layers in the urban forest ecotones. Four types of urban forest neighborhoods were analyzed: ecotones adjacent to the manor park, the agriculture field, housing estates and the road. The plant compositions in the forest ecotones were compared with the plant compositions in the urban forest interior and the forest nature reserve. The phytosociological type of studied forests was a subcontinental oak-hornbeam one (Tilio-Carpinetum). Diagnostic plant species (e.g., characteristic) for forests from the non-diagnostic ones were identified. Forest consistent plant species dominated in the ecotone adjacent to the manor park and in the interior of urban forests too, but the best conditions for these plants were inside the forest nature reserve, where native consistent forest plants showed the highest dominance when comparing all studied areas. A higher anthropogenic pressure from the adjacent areas results in supporting the growth of inconsistent plant species in the forests, and these plants are mostly represented by plants belonging to grass and synanthropic communities. Another conclusion drawn from our research is that the protected forest, represented by a nature reserve in the city, provides better “shelter” for native forest plants than the urban forest without any protection. Ultimately, a permanent challenge is to achieve and maintain the balance between nature and the impact of anthropogenic activities on urban forests in the city. The high quality of green areas, biodiversity, including forests, implicates possibilities of sustainable development in cities. The research results will be useful for local urban planners and ecologists during their work on strategies of city development, including shaping of green infrastructure.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL GEOECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF LICHENS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE VELSK-USTYANSK TECTONIC NODE (ARKHANGELSK REGION)

2018 ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Ирина (Irina) Анатольевна (Anatol'yevna) Паламарчук (Palamarchuk) ◽  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Степановна (Stepanovna) Бровко (Brovko) ◽  
Владимир (Vladimir) Васильевич (Vasil'yevich) Беляев (Belyaev) ◽  
Константин (Konstantin) Григорьевич (Grigor'yevich) Боголицын (Bogolitsyn) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Бойцова (Boitsova) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Test System ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region

The influence of geoecological factors formed in Velsk-Ustyansk tectonic node of the Arkhangelsk region on the state of lichenobiotics was studied. Two of the most common species of bushy lichens are selected as the test systems. The objects of research are two species of bushy lichens, which were used as a test system. From the soil lichens, the species Cladonia stellaris was studied. From the epiphytic lichens, the species Usnea subfloridana was studied. The material was collected in the vegetation period (spring-autumn) from the three test plots (in the center, at the periphery and outside the tectonic node - the background point) in the pine-bilberry forest stands with the same composition.It was established that the ash content of lichen samples Cladonia stellaris and Usnea subfloridana increases in the direction from the background point and further from the periphery to the center of the node. The ash content for samples growing in the center of the tectonic node is in 2-7 times higher than in the background point and reaches of 7 %. The ash content for samples growing in the periphery of the site is in 1.5–2 times higher than in the background point. This dependence indicates a significant accumulation of the metals in the lichen thallomes in the zone of tectonic faults. The similar dependence for both lichens is observed in the content of ascorbic acid, catalase activity and antioxidant activity. It was shown that in the center of the node the lichen contains up to 190 μg·g-1 of ascorbic acid, the catalase activity is up to 17 u.o.d. g-1·s-1, and antioxidant activity is up to 53%, while at the background point these indices do not exceed 130 μg·g-1 , 7 u.o.d. g-1·s-1 and 35%, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that under stress condition there is a free-radical oxidation that can regarded as a marker of development of a non-specific stable in lichens under the influence of various stressors.

scholarly journals Alteration in Biochemical Constituents and Nutrients Partitioning of Asparagus Racemosus in Response to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupali Sharma ◽  
Hukum Singh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Biochemical Constituents ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant

Abstract Human-induced CO2 emissions since the preindustrial era have accumulated CO2 in the atmosphere which has influenced the plant structure and function including bio-chemical constituents of the plant system. The Himalayan vegetation has been predicted to be more vulnerable and sensitive to climate change. However, it is still not well documented that how atmospheric CO2 concentration will change the biochemical constituents considering nutrients status of Himalayan endangered plants in future climate change. Hence, we examined the impacts of elevated CO2 concentrations (ambient- ~ 400, 600, and 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1) on biochemical constituents (chlorophyll, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, protein, and total sugars and carbon partitioning) and nutrients response (potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium) in leaf, stem and root tissue of Asparagus racemosus Willd. (an endangered medicinal plant species of Himalayas). The results showed that the elevated CO2 concentration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced the chlorophyll, protein, total sugars, and carbon accumulation conversely diminished ascorbic acid in leaf tissues. The nutrients accumulation especially potassium and magnesium were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved while phosphorus accumulation suppressed under elevated CO2 concentration. Moreover, elevated CO2 notably altered protein, sugars, carbon, and nutrients partitioning in plant tissues viz. leaf, stem, and root of A. racemosus. The fate of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations beyond 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1 will require much more study. Further studies are needed to understand the impacts of elevated CO2 concentration as well as a combination with other associated climatic variables on biochemical response particularly bioactive ingredients/health-promoting substances and nutrient profiling of this and other endangered medicinal plant species for improving livelihood support of the society.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Biodiversity of weeds in Ilmen State Reserve, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
IRINA V. MASHKOVA ◽  
TATYANA G. KRUPNOVA ◽  
ANASTASIYA M. KOSTRYUKOVA ◽  
NIKITA E. VLASOV
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Ilmen State Reserve ◽  
Synanthropic Flora

Mashkova IV, Krupnova TG, Kostryukova AM, Vlasov NE. 2018. Short Communication: Biodiversity of weeds in Ilmen State Reserve, Russia. Biodiversitas 19: 106-111. Weeds are a synanthropic flora. Human exposure to the natural landscape leads to the spread of synanthropic plant species, so weeds begin to occupy a significant place in the structure of ecosystem biodiversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the weeds biodiversity structure and to assess the extent of invasion of weeds into the territory of the Ilmen State Reserve in South Urals, Russia. This paper presents the results of study of weeds during the vegetation period in 2013–2017. Fifty one species of weeds distributed in four genera and six families were found on the territory of the Southern Forestry of the Ilmen State Reserve. Besides, the differences between species diversity of weeds on three types of roads (gravel, earth and foot) and on two types of forests (birch and pine) were also discovered in this study . The greatest degree of invasion was discovered for foot roads. It was noted that pine forest is the most resistant the invasion of weeds.

scholarly journals Manganese concentration in plants of the protected natural resource, Kosmaj, in Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragica Stankovic ◽  
Vladan Ivetic ◽  
Mirjana Ocokoljic ◽  
Dusan Jokanovic ◽  
Rodoljub Oljaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Mn Concentrations

This study was focused on determining the manganese (Mn) concentration in vegetative organs of 10 plant species (8 woody and 2 herbaceous), from four sites in the protected natural resource Kosmaj. The concentration of Mn was analyzed at the beginning of the vegetation period, during a two-year period (2012-2013). The results indicate a wide range of Mn concentrations, depending on site and plant species.

scholarly journals Wild orchids of Tyumen and challenges, related to their preservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00053
Author(s):  
Mariya Kazantseva ◽  
Sergei Artyomenko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Epipactis Helleborine ◽  
The City

There are 11 plant species of the Orchidaceae family in the city area of Tyumen; eight of them are protected in the Tyumen region, one species is included in the Red Book of Russia. Representatives of the family are found in the urban forest complex, roadside forest belts, on lawns and in public gardens of the central part of the city. Most species are represented locally by single specimens or small groups; three species – Epipactis helleborine, Platanthera bifolia and Neottianthe cucullata can form large complete coenopopulations. The main anthropogenous factors negatively affecting the condition of orchids in the city are: reconstruction of roads and plantations, regular mowing of grass in the habitats of plants. The protection of species requires coordinated efforts of municipal services for the improvement of urban areas and environmental organizations.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Identification and evaluation of bioactivity in forest plants used for medicinal purposes by the Kutai community of East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUL RASYID ZARTA ◽  
WIWIN SUWINARTI ◽  
FARIDA ARIYANI ◽  
IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA ◽  
ENOS TANGKE ARUNG
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Forest Plants

Zarta AR, Ariyani F, Suwinarti W, Kusuma IW, Arung ET. 2018. Short Communication: Identification and evaluation of bioactivity in forest plants used for medicinal purposes by the Kutai community of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 253- 259. The Indonesian forest is one of the most species-rich ecosystems in the world. Within such forests are plant species with secondary metabolites that have novel molecular structure and diverse biological activity with excellent potential to be used medicinally in prevention and cure of various diseases afflicting humans. Plant materials often contain various forms of antioxidants. Phenolic compounds found in plants have many biological effects. Flavonoids and other phenolics play a protective role against metabolic damage caused by disease and environmental stressors. The communities of Kutai Kartanegara in East Kalimantan Indonesia are representative of many traditional peoples who have evolved ways of treating human ailment and disease by use of specific plants sourced from their forests. The purpose of the research described in this paper was to identify significant medicinal plant species used by the Kutai ethnic community and to prepare extracts from these plants, mainly from the leaves, and to evaluate the extracts for bioactivity; namely by general identification of secondary metabolites, and by estimation of their antioxidant activity, toxicity, and antibacterial activity. Samples of ten plant species, used medicinally by the Kutai community, were extracted using ethanol solvent. Assay of antioxidant activity was carried out by the spectrophotometric method using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) as the control. The degree of toxicity of the extracts was determined by the BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) while anti-bacterial activity was evaluated using an in vitro assay of growth inhibition of cultures of the bacterium Escherichia coli. The result showed that nine of the plant species had strong antioxidant activity (IC50); extracts of two of the species were very toxic, while one other was toxic; and at least eight of the species had extracts that exhibited anti-bacterial activity. The phytochemical compounds identified in several of the ten species included flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids.

The formation of choleglobin and the role of catalase in the erythrocyte

1949 ◽  
Vol 136 (884) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Small Decrease ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidase ◽  
Oxidase System ◽  
Inverse Proportion

In haemolysates of non-nucleated erythrocytes there is an inverse proportion between catalase activity and rate of choleglobin formation on addition of ascorbic acid. In the intact erythrocytes catalase protects haemoglobin against oxidation and further destruction by the hydrogen peroxide generated by the D-amino-acid oxidase system or by physiological concentrations of ascorbic acid and glutathione. Acid destromatization of haemolyzed horse erythrocytes causes a small decrease in the catalase activity and an increased rate of inactivation of the remaining catalase by ascorbic acid. The liberation of copper from haemocuprein is quantitatively insufficient to explain the decreased stability of the catalase. Exposing duck oxyhaemoglobin, but not reduced haemoglobin, to a pH of 5⋅5 to 5⋅8, causes an alteration which is apparent from the increase of the rate of choleglobin formation. The mechanism of this alteration is discussed. It partly explains the 'stroma effect', at least in duck erythrocytes. In addition, in the latter, there is a true stroma effect. Choleglobin formation in the presence of ascorbic acid is accelerated by a variety of substances. Some of these perturb haemoglobin, while others increase the formation of hydrogen peroxide from ascorbic acid. The implications of our findings on the mechanism of choleglobin formation and on the role of catalase in the erythrocyte are discussed.

scholarly journals Retinoic acid modulation of glutathione and cysteine metabolism in chondrocytes

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
Irving M. SHAPIRO ◽  
Masashi HATORI ◽  
Ramesh RAJPUROHIT ◽  
Cameron KOCH
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Chondrocyte Maturation ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

The major objective of this investigation was to determine the thiol status of chondrocytes and to relate changes in the level of glutathione and cysteine to maturation of the cells as they undergo terminal differentiation. Chondrocytes were isolated from the cephalic portion of chick embryo sterna and treated with all-trans retinoic acid for one week. We found that the addition of 100 nM retinoic acid to the cultures decreased the intracellular levels of glutathione and cysteine from 6.1 to 1.6 and 0.07 to 0.01 nmol/μg DNA respectively; retinoic acid also caused a decrease in the extracellular concentration of cysteine. The decrease in chondrocyte thiols was dose and time dependent. To characterize other antioxidant systems of the sternal cell culture, the activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase were determined. Activities of all of those enzymes were high in the retinoic acid-treated cells; the conditioned medium also contained these enzymes and the cytosolic isoenzyme of superoxide dismutase. We probed the specificity of the thiol response by using immature caudal chondrocytes. Unlike the cephalic cells, retinoic acid did not change intracellular glutathione and extracellular cysteine levels, although the retinoid caused a reduction in the intracellular cysteine concentration. Finally, we explored the effect of medium components on chondrocyte thiol status. We noted that while ascorbate alone did not change cell thiol levels, it did cause a 4-fold decrease in the extracellular cysteine concentration. When retinoic acid and ascorbic acid were both present in the medium, there was a marked decrease in the level of glutathione. In contrast, the phosphate concentration of the culture medium served as a powerful modulator of both glutathione and cysteine. Results of the study clearly showed that there is a profound decrease in intracellular levels of both cysteine and glutathione and that thiol levels are responsive to ascorbic acid and the medium phosphate concentration. These findings point to a critical role for thiols in modulating events linked to chondrocyte maturation and cartilage matrix synthesis and mineralization.

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