The Need For Medical And Paramedical Staff To Use Masks In Order To Prevent The Nosocomial Transmission Of Tuberculosis

10.5580/e12 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Paramedical Staff

Quality of training of paramedical staff - basis for health care development

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Dvoynikov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Talent Pool ◽  
Paramedical Staff ◽  
Care Development

The article set priorities for the formation of the talent pool of paramedical staff, their training and development at the level of secondary vocational and postgraduate education.

Differential Image Compression for Telemedicine: A Novel Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Alam Khan ◽  
Dr. Asadullah Shah ◽  
Saghir Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Image Compression ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
Paramedical Staff ◽  
Novel Approach

Telemedicine is one of the most emerging technologies of applied medical sciences. Medical information related to patients is transmitted and stored for references and consultations. Medical images occupy huge space; in order to transmit these images may delay the process of image transmission in critical times. Image compression techniques provide a better solution to combat bandwidth scarcity problems, and transmit same image in a much lower bandwidth requirements, more faster and at the same time maintain quality. In this paper a differential image compression method is developed in which medical images are taken from a wounded patient and are compressed to reduce the bit rate of these images. Results indicate that on average 25% compression on images is achieved with 3.5 MOS taken from medical doctors and other paramedical staff the ultimately user of the images.

Molecular Evidence for Nosocomial Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from a Surgeon to One of His Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 4537-4540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Blanchard ◽  
Stéphane Ferris ◽  
Sophie Chamaret ◽  
Denise Guétard ◽  
Luc Montagnier
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Viral Sequences

ABSTRACT We have investigated the molecular evidence in favor of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an HIV-infected surgeon to one of his patients. After PCR amplification, theenv and gag sequences from the viral genome were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences derived from the surgeon and his patient are closely related, which strongly suggests that nosocomial transmission occurred. In addition, these viral sequences belong to group M of HIV type 1 but are divergent from the reference sequences of the known subtypes.

scholarly journals Universal visors as a key measure to stop nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Hamilton ◽  
Leila Farmer ◽  
David Richards ◽  
Tom Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Transmission

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and perceptions about Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) among occupationally high-risk healthcare professionals of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Saqlain ◽  
Maria Tanveer ◽  
Azhar Hussain Tahir ◽  
Fakhar Ud-Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

Abstract Background Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), a tropically neglected infectious disease caused by Nairovirus, is endemic in low middle-income countries like Pakistan. Emergency health care professionals (HCPs) are at risk of contracting nosocomial transmission of CCHF. We, therefore, aim to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of at-risk physicians, nurses, and pharmacists in Pakistan and the factors associated with good KAP. Method A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha 0.71) was used to collect data from HCPs in two CCHF endemic metropolitan cities of Pakistan by employing a cross-sectional study design. For data analysis percentages, chi-square test and Spearman correlation were applied by using SPSS version 22. Results Of the 478 participants, 56% (n = 268) were physicians, 37.4% (n = 179) were nurses, and 6.5% (n = 31) were pharmacists. The proportion of HCPs with good knowledge, attitude, and perception scores was 54.3%, 81, and 69%, respectively. Being a physician, having more work experience, having a higher age, working in tertiary care settings, were key factors for higher knowledge (p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient showed significant positive correlation between attitude- perception (r = 0.560, p < 0.001). Conclusion We have observed average knowledge of HCPs. Therefore, we recommend time to time education campaigns and workshops in highly endemic CCHF regions to be launched by health ministries and HCPs, in particular nurses, encouraged to follow authentic academic sources of information to prevent nosocomial transmission.

scholarly journals 491. Aerosol-Generating Medical Procedures: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Viruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S312-S312
Author(s):  
Seth D Judson ◽  
Vincent J Munster
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Zoonotic Viruses ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background During the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many questions arose regarding risks for hospital-acquired or nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMPs), techniques that can generate infectious, virus-laden aerosols, could potentially amplify transmission among healthcare workers (HCWs). Thus, it was widely recommended that HCWs use airborne precautions when performing AGMPs. However, in clinical settings it is often unclear what procedures constitute AGMPs and how the risk varies by procedure or pathogen. We set out to further define AGMPs and assess the risk for nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other high-risk viruses via AGMPs. Methods We identified potential AGMPs and emerging viruses that were high-risk for nosocomial transmission through reviewing experimental and clinical data. Potential AGMPs were those associated with previous virus transmission or mechanically capable of transmission. High-risk viruses were defined as those that cause severe disease in humans for which limited therapies or interventions exist, are infectious via aerosols in humans or non-human primates (NHPs), found in the respiratory tract of infected humans or NHPs, and had previous evidence of nosocomial transmission. Results We identified multiple potential AGMPs, which could be divided into those that generate aerosols or induce a patient to form aerosols, as well as eight families of high-risk viruses. All of the viruses were emerging zoonotic RNA viruses. In the family Coronaviridae, we identified potential evidence for SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 transmission via AGMPs. SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 were also found to be similarly stable when aerosolized. Conclusion Multiple emerging zoonotic viruses pose a high risk for nosocomial transmission through a variety of AGMPs. Given the similar stability of SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV-1 when aerosolized and prior nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-1 via AGMPs, we suspect that certain AGMPs pose an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Additional experimental studies and on-site clinical sampling during AGMPs are necessary to further risk stratify AGMPs. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Nosocomial transmission of Ebola virus disease on pediatric and maternity wards: Bombali and Tonkolili, Sierra Leone, 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C. Dunn ◽  
Tiffany A. Walker ◽  
John Redd ◽  
David Sugerman ◽  
Jevon McFadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission

scholarly journals 463. Random Sampling of Asymptomatic Hospital Employees: A Period Prevalence Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S298-S299
Author(s):  
Felicia Scaggs Huang ◽  
Joshua K Schaffzin ◽  
Jeff Simmons ◽  
Mary Jo Goebel ◽  
Terri Thrasher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Force ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
Eye Protection ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on the work force in hospital settings. Despite rigorous screening practices implemented at many institutions, reports have documented transmission from asymptomatic and presymptomatic individuals in community environments. Evidence of nosocomial transmission between healthcare workers and patients in the early phase of the pandemic has further compounded the fears of safety in the workplace. We sought to determine the asymptomatic carriage rate of employees to inform messaging and response in the context of universal masking and eye protection. Methods We conducted a period prevalence study in asymptomatic hospital employees at a quaternary pediatric hospital during April to June 2020. Eligible employees included clinical staff, administrative staff, food services workers, and environmental services workers who had passed the temperature and symptom screening evaluation on entry to the campus. Samples were obtained from both nares of consenting individuals and ran daily on a validated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) platform. Results A total of 1394 employees consented to participate by June 15, 2020 and none of them had a positive result for COVID-19. Thus, the prevalence rate among asymptomatic employees was zero during this period (95%CI 0%-0.26%). Thirteen employees developed symptoms after initial enrollment and testing of which 1 tested positive for COVID-19. Based on these data, we estimate a monthly incidence rate of 0.8 new COVID-19 cases per 1000 asymptomatic employees (95%CI 0.2 - 4.4 per 1000). Of note, at the time of submission the R0 for our region was 1.4, and the prevalence of COVID-19 infection among symptomatic employees was 9.9% (68/686 tested in our system, 95%CI: 7.8%-12.3%). Conclusion We did not identify any COVID-19-positive asymptomatic hospital employees who passed screening measures. This suggests very low risk of nosocomial transmission to other employees, patients, and families. Along with low community prevalence and capture of COVID-19-positive symptomatic employees, we could confidently advise staff that universal surgical masking and eye protection were likely adequate to prevent significant exposure. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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