scholarly journals The response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplants to mechanical stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Piszczek ◽  
Marek Jerzy
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Stress Treatment ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Small Doses

Inhibition of the growth of young tomato plants took place under the influence of vibrational stress. The response of the plants was stronger in winter than in summer. The results of the mechanical stress treatment depended on the dosage: small doses of stress given repeatedly slowed down the growth of the transplant much more effectively than larger single doses given every day or every several days. The fresh weight of the shoots decreased under the influence of the stress, as did the dry weight, but to a smaller degree, thus the percentage of dry weight increased. The chlorophyll content in the leaves of plants treated with mechanical stress also increased.

scholarly journals Potassium Affects Sodium Content in Tomato Plants Grown in Hydroponic Cultivation under Saline-sodic Stress

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1220-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Botrini ◽  
A. Graifenberg ◽  
M. Lipucci di Paola
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Na Uptake

The tomato cultivars Edkawi and UC 82B (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were grown hydroponically in a solution [electrical conductivity (EC) 2.4 dS·m-1] containing 150 mm Na (EC 11.4 dS·m-1), 37 mm of K (EC 14.1 dS·m-1), or 75 mm of K (EC 19.7 dS·m-1). The leaf Na content of `Edkawi' and `UC 82B' reached values of 1717 and 2022 mmol·kg-1 dry weight at EC 19.7 dS·m-1, respectively. The high levels of K in the hydroponic solution reduced the Na concentration in the roots, petioles, and stems, but not in the leaves. Potassium concentrations in the petioles of `Edkawi' and `UC 82 B' reached values of 2655 and 2966 mmol·kg-1 dry weight, respectively. At these elevated ECs, the Ca concentrations in the leaves of `Edkawi' and `UC 82B' were 30% and 40% lower than in the control, respectively. The elevated rates of K improved the fruit: flower ratio of `UC 82B', but the high salinity of the solution reduced yields significantly. Plant fresh weight and root dry weight of `UC 82B' were most affected by high EC levels. The elevated levels of K used in this study did not increase yield, but K ions can adjust to Na uptake.

INFLUENCE DU NIVEAU D’IRRADIANCE D’APPOINT (HPS) EN PEPINIERE SUR LA CROISSANCE ET LA PRODUCTIVITE D’UNE CULTURE DE TOMATE DE SERRE.

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAIRE BOIVIN ◽  
MARC-J. TRUDEL ◽  
ANDRÉ GOSSELIN
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Supplementary Lighting ◽  
Natural Irradiance

Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ’Vendor’) were seeded at three different dates between 23 Jan. and 17 Feb. 1984. Young tomato plants received the following supplementary lighting treatments: natural light only, and natural irradiance supplemented by 10, 20 or 30 W m−2 (PAR) for a photoperiod of 17 h. Twenty-nine days after the first seeding date, shoot dry weight of plants grown under 10, 20 or 30 W m−2 was, respectively, 311, 378 and 458% of the control. Shoot dry weight of the third seeding was 159, 181 and 207% of the control for the 10-, 20- or 30-W m−2 treatments, respectively. Early yields were increased by 19,4, 31,2 and 42% when tomato transplants received 10, 20 or 30 W m−2. Total yields were not significantly affected by supplementary lighting provided in the nursery period.Key words: Tomato, supplementary light, growth, productivity, HPS, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

scholarly journals Fate of nitrogen-15 in the subsequent growing season of greenhouse tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) as influenced by alternate partial root-zone irrigation

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (55) ◽  
pp. 34392-34400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maomao Hou ◽  
Fenglin Zhong ◽  
Qiu Jin ◽  
Enjiang Liu ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Residual Nitrogen ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Crop Uptake ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Fate Of Nitrogen

Alternate partial root-zone irrigation has profound impacts on the crop uptake of residual nitrogen originated from the previous season.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Ochradenus arabicus and their physiological effect on Maerua oblongifolia raised in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan O. Shaikhaldein ◽  
Fahad Al-Qurainy ◽  
Mohammad Nadeem ◽  
Salim Khan ◽  
Mohamed Tarroum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shoot Number

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are presently the most commonly generated engineered nanomaterials and are found in a wide range of agro-commercial products. The present study was designed to synthesize AgNPs biologically using Ochradenus arabicus leaves and investigate their effect on the morphophysiological properties of Maerua oblongifolia raised in vitro. Physicochemical methods (ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were performed for characterization and for obtaining microphotographs of the AgNPs. Shoots of M. oblongifolia (2–3 cm) grown in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations of AgNPs (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 mg L−1) were used. Following 6 weeks of in vitro shoot regeneration, the shoot number, shoot length, leaf number, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, total protein, proline level, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants were quantified. We found that 20 mg L−1 AgNPs increased the shoot number, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll content of the plants. The maximum total protein was recorded in plants that were administered the lowest dose of AgNPs (10 mg L−1), while high concentrations of AgNPs (40 and 50 mg L−1) increased the levels of proline and the enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. Our results indicate that green-synthesized AgNPs may be of agricultural and medicinal interest owing to their effects on plants in vitro.

INFLUENCE DE LA TEMPERATURE DU SUBSTRAT ET DE LA FERTILISATION AZOTEE SUR LA CROISSANCE, LE DEVELOPPEMENT, LA TENEUR EN AZOTE ET L’ACTIVITE DE LA NITRATE REDUCTASE CHEZ LA TOMATE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ GOSSELIN ◽  
FRANÇOIS-P. CHALIFOUR ◽  
MARC J. TRUDEL ◽  
GHISLAIN GENDRON
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

We measured the effects of five root temperatures (12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 °C) and five rates of nitrogen fertilization (0, 2.5, 7.5, 22.5 and 67.5 meq N∙L−1) on growth, development, nitrogen content and nitrate reductase activity of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ’Vendor’). The greatest root dry weight was obtained at 18 °C and 2.5 meq N∙L−1 and the highest shoot dry weight at 24 °C and 22.5 meq N∙L−1. Total fruit weight was maximum at 24 °C and 2.5 meq N∙L−1. High root temperatures and high levels of fertilization increased the number of aborted flowers and the nitrogen content of shoots, but reduced tomato yields. Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was higher in leaves than in roots and with plants receiving 22.5 meq N∙L−1 as compared to 2.5 meq. NRA in roots decreased as temperature increased.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., root zone temperature, nitrate reductase, nitrogen

The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation and carbon dioxide on growth and photosynthesis of tomato

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Hao ◽  
Beverley A. Hale ◽  
Douglas P. Ormrod
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Uv Absorbing Compounds

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were exposed, in controlled environments with 2.7 kJ/(m2 ∙ day) background ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation from fluorescent and incandescent lamps, to ambient (380 μL ∙ L−1) or elevated (600 μL−1) CO2 combined with a total of 7.2 or 13.1 kJ/(m2 ∙ day) UV-B radiation to determine effects on growth and photosynthesis. Ten consecutive days of exposure to the higher level of UV-B significantly reduced total and stem dry weight, leaf area, and plant height compared with the lower level. Only leaf area and plant height were significantly reduced after 19 consecutive days of exposure. To investigate whether plants recover from UV-B damage, the UV-B exposures were halted for 3 days after 19 days of UV-B exposure and then restarted for a further 2 days. The largest reduction in plant growth was found after 3 days with no UV-B followed by 2 days of the higher level of UV-B. Plants did not recover from UV-B damage during the 3 days with background UV-B. Significant CO2xUV-B interactions were detected on stem dry weight after 10 consecutive days of the higher level of UV-B and on total dry weight, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, and plant height after 3 days with no UV-B followed by 2 days of the higher level of UV-B. The higher dose of enhanced UV-B resulted in more severe damage at 600 μL ∙ L−1 CO2, than at ambient CO2. The higher level of UV-B did not affect the leaf net photosynthesis rate on a leaf area basis, although this UV-B level may have inhibited tomato growth through reducing the photosynthetic area. UV-absorbing compounds in leaves in the highest UV-B radiation level for 19 days were greater than for leaves with the lower dose. These UV-absorbing compounds in the higher UV-B dose diminished more than in the lower dose plants during the 3 days without UV-B. The UV-absorbing compounds maintained by plants exposed to the highest level of UV-B radiation may have protected plants from UV-B damage, particularly between 10 and 19 consecutive days of exposure. Key words: CO2, growth, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., photosynthesis, tomato, ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), UV-absorbing compounds.

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