scholarly journals Effects of comorbidities on quality of life in Filipino people with tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 712-719
Author(s):  
T. Edwards ◽  
L. V. White ◽  
N. Lee ◽  
M. C. Castro ◽  
N. R. Saludar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Domain Scores ◽  
Filipino People

BACKGROUND: We investigated health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in Filipino people undergoing TB treatment, and whether HrQoL was negatively impacted by comorbidity with undernutrition, diabetes (DM) and anaemia.METHODS: Adult participants were enrolled in public facilities in Metro Manila (three sites) and Negros Occidental (two sites). Multivariate linear regression was used to model the four correlated domain scores from a WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (physical, psychological, social, environmental). A forward-stepwise approach was used to select a final multivariable model with inclusion based on global tests of significance at P < 0.1.RESULTS: In 446 people on drug-susceptible TB treatment, DM and moderate/severe anaemia were not associated with HrQoL. After adjustment for age, sex, education, food insecurity, treatment adherence, inflammation, Category I or II TB treatment, treatment phase, current side effects and inhibited ability to work, moderate/severe undernutrition (body mass index < 17 kg/m2) was associated with lower HrQoL (P = 0.003) with reduced psychological (coefficient: −1.02, 95% CI −1.54 to −0.51), physical (−0.62, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.09) and environmental domain scores (−0.45, 95% CI −0.88 to −0.01). In 225 patients with known HIV status in Metro Manila, HIV was associated with modestly reduced HrQoL (P = 0.014).CONCLUSION: Nutritional status and food insecurity represent modifiable risk factors for poor HrQoL that may be alleviated through interventions.

scholarly journals Functional impairment and disability among patients with migraine: evaluation of galcanezumab in a long-term, open-label study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet H. Ford ◽  
Virginia L. Stauffer ◽  
Peter McAllister ◽  
Sreelatha Akkala ◽  
Matthew Sexson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Domain Scores

Abstract Purpose Migraine can negatively impact patient functioning and quality of life. Here, we report the effects of galcanezumab (GMB), a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to calcitonin gene-related peptide, on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in migraine. Methods CGAJ was a Phase III, randomized, open-label study (12-month open-label and 4-month post-treatment follow-up) in patients with episodic or chronic migraine. Patients aged 18–65 years with diagnosis of migraine (≥ 4 migraine headache days per month) as defined by International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-3 beta guidelines were included in the study. Patients were randomized 1:1 with subcutaneous GMB 120 mg (with a loading dose of 240 mg) or GMB 240 mg given once monthly for 12 months. Changes from baseline in PRO measures such as Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire v2.1 (MSQ) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) were assessed. Results A total of 135 patients were randomized to each galcanezumab dose group. Mean (SD) baseline MSQ total scores were 53.85 (20.34) [GMB 120 mg] and 53.69 (18.79) [GMB 240 mg]. For MIDAS, mean (SD) total scores were 45.77 (42.06) [GMB 120 mg] and 53.96 (61.24) [GMB 240 mg]. Within-group mean improvement from baseline on MSQ and MIDAS total scores and all individual item/domain scores were statistically significant for both GMB dose groups, at all-time points during the treatment phase (p < 0.001). For MSQ domain scores, greatest improvement was observed in the Role function-restrictive (RF-R) domain (overall least squares (LS) mean change ± SE: 31.55 ± 1.20 [GMB 120 mg] and 33.40 ± 1.16 [GMB 240 mg]). For MIDAS, the overall LS mean change ± SE from baseline across the entire 12-month treatment phase in total scores were: −33.58 ± 2.11 (GMB 120 mg) and −32.67 ± 2.04 (GMB 240 mg). Conclusion Galcanezumab was associated with statistically significant changes from baseline in the PRO measures across the entire 12-month treatment period. These results indicate improved health-related quality of life and decreased disability among patients treated with galcanezumab.

scholarly journals P139 What impact does JIA have on health-related quality of life over time and by gender?

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Smith ◽  
Bishma Saqib ◽  
Rebecca Lee ◽  
Wendy Thomson ◽  
Lis Cordingley
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Domain Scores

Abstract Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of arthritic conditions presenting in children and young people, in which physical limitations and associated complications can have detrimental effects on physical and psychosocial wellbeing. This study aims to investigate the impact of living with JIA on different aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to explore how this changes over time, using data from the Childhood Arthritis Prospective Study (CAPS). Methods Longitudinal data collected as part of CAPS were analysed. HRQoL was assessed at baseline, 1 year and 3 years’ post-diagnosis using the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), a parent-completed form for children from 5 years of age. The CHQ measures physical, emotional and social components of child health status. Raw domain scores were transformed via algorithm into values ranging from 0-100, with higher scores indicating better health status. Mean (standard deviation) and median (interquartile range) for each domain were determined, both for the full cohort and by gender. Differences between median scores at baseline and 3 years were assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mean scores of each domain were visually compared with a reference population sample of healthy children from the United States. Results 184 participants completed the questionnaire at all 3 time points. At baseline, compared to the reference population, children with JIA scored lower in every domain although scores were closer between the 2 groups at 3 years. Median scores improved over time, the exception being the general health perceptions domain which decreased after baseline. Domains with the greatest improvement were physical functioning,“bodily pain and social-physical. The largest changes occurred from baseline to 1 year. Statistically significant differences between baseline and 3-year scores were found for all domains. Domain scores for male and female participants were very similar at baseline, though scores for male participants indicated slightly better health at 1 and 3 years for both physical and psychosocial domains. Conclusion JIA has significant impact on HRQoL, which improves within 3 years of diagnosis with the greatest improvement occurring within the first year. Physical health domains show greater improvement over time than psychosocial domains, although psychosocial scores were generally higher throughout the study. Male participants tend to score slightly higher than female participants in both physical and psychosocial domains after baseline. Further research should explore measurable patient, age or disease-related drivers of HRQoL. Disclosures A. Smith None. B. Saqib None. R. Lee None. W. Thomson None. L. Cordingley None.

scholarly journals Effect of Peer Mentoring on Quality of Life among CKD Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nasrollah Ghahramani ◽  
Vernon M. Chinchilli ◽  
Jennifer L. Kraschnewski ◽  
Eugene J. Lengerich ◽  
Christopher N. Sciamanna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Mentoring ◽  
Peer Mentors ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Domain Scores

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> CKD is associated with decreased quality of life (QOL). Peer mentoring (PM) leads to improved QOL in various chronic diseases. The effectiveness of PM on QOL of patients with CKD has not been previously studied. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of face-to-face (FTF) and online mentoring by trained peers, compared with usual care, on CKD patients’ QOL. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We randomized 155 patients in one of 3 groups: (1) FTF PM (<i>n</i> = 52), (2) online PM (<i>n</i> = 52), and (3) textbook only (<i>n</i> = 51). Peer mentors were patients with CKD, who received formal training through 16 h of instruction. Participants in all 3 groups received a copy of an informational textbook about CKD. Participants assigned to PM received either 6 months of FTF or online PM. The outcomes included time-related changes in domain scores of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL)-36 for each of the groups over the 18-month study period. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with baseline, online PM led to improved scores in domains of the KDQOL-36 at 18 months: Effects of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.01), Burden of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.01), Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.006), SF-12 Physical Composite Summary (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and SF-12 Mental Composite Summary (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). There were no statistically significant changes from baseline in domain scores of KDQOL-36 within the FTF PM and textbook-only groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Among patients with CKD, online PM led to increased scores in domains of the KDQOL-36 at 18 months. The study was limited to English-speaking subjects with computer literacy and internet access.

Impacts on Quality of Life with Escitalopram Monotherapy and Aripiprazole Augmentation in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Morton ◽  
Venkat Bhat ◽  
Peter Giacobbe ◽  
Wendy Lou ◽  
Erin E. Michalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Symptomatic Remission ◽  
Substantial Degree

Abstract Introduction Many individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to initial antidepressant monotherapy. Adjunctive aripiprazole is recommended for treatment non-response; however, the impacts on quality of life (QoL) for individuals who receive this second-line treatment strategy have not been described. Methods We evaluated secondary QoL outcomes in patients with MDD (n=179). After 8 weeks of escitalopram, non-responders (<50% decrease in clinician-rated depression) were treated with adjunctive aripiprazole for 8 weeks (n=97); responders continued escitalopram (n=82). A repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated change in Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Short Form scores. QoL was described relative to normative benchmarks. Results Escitalopram responders experienced the most QoL improvements in the first treatment phase. For non-responders, QoL improved with a large effect during adjunctive aripiprazole treatment. At the endpoint, 47% of patients achieving symptomatic remission still had impaired QoL. Discussion Individuals who were treated with adjunctive aripiprazole after non-response to escitalopram experienced improved QoL, but a substantial degree of QoL impairment persisted. Since QoL deficits may predict MDD recurrence, attention to ways to support this outcome is required.

scholarly journals Effects of exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation on adults with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Feng ◽  
Jiajia Wang ◽  
Yang Xie ◽  
Jiansheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Domain Scores

Abstract Background Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been proposed as an effective method for many respiratory diseases. However, the effects of exercise-based PR on asthma are currently inconclusive. This review aimed to investigate the effects of exercise-based PR on adults with asthma. Methods The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from inception to 31 July 2019 without language restriction. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise-based PR on adults with asthma were included. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed by two investigators independently. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan software (version 5.3). Evidence quality was rated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results Ten literatures from nine studies (n = 418 patients) were identified. Asthma quality of life questionnaire total scores (MD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.76) improved significantly in the experimental group compared to control group, including activity domain scores (MD = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.94), symptom domain scores (MD = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.85), emotion domain scores (MD = 0.53, 95% CI: − 0.03 to 1.09) and environment domain scores (MD = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.00 to 1.11). Both the 6-min walk distance (MD = 34.09, 95% CI: 2.51 to 65.66) and maximum oxygen uptake (MD = 4.45, 95% CI: 3.32 to 5.58) significantly improved. However, improvements in asthma control questionnaire scores (MD = − 0.25, 95% CI: − 0.51 to 0.02) and asthma symptom-free days (MD = 3.35, 95% CI: − 0.21 to 6.90) were not significant. Moreover, there was no significant improvement (MD = 0.10, 95% CI: − 0.08 to 0.29) in forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Nonetheless, improvements in forced vital capacity (MD = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.38) and peak expiratory flow (MD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.57) were significant. Conclusions Exercise-based PR may improve quality of life, exercise tolerance and some aspects of pulmonary function in adults with asthma and can be considered a supplementary therapy. RCTs of high quality and large sample sizes are required. Clinical trial registration: The review was registered with PROSPERO (The website is https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, and the ID is CRD42019147107).

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Financial Security, Food Security and Quality of Daily Lives of Residents in Nigeria during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7925
Author(s):  
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan ◽  
Olanrewaju Ibigbami ◽  
Maha El Tantawi ◽  
Brandon Brown ◽  
Nourhan M. Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Factors Associated

An online survey was conducted to identify factors associated with financial insecurity, food insecurity and poor quality of daily lives of adults in Nigeria during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The associations between the outcome (experience of financial loss, changes in food intake and impact of the pandemic on daily lives) and the explanatory (age, sex, education level, anxiety, depression, HIV status) variables were determined using logistic regression analysis. Of the 4439 respondents, 2487 (56.0%) were financially insecure, 907 (20.4%) decreased food intake and 4029 (90.8%) had their daily life negatively impacted. Males (AOR:0.84), people who felt depressed (AOR:0.62) and people living with HIV -PLHIV- (AOR:0.70) had significantly lower odds of financial insecurity. Older respondents (AOR:1.01) had significantly higher odds of financial insecurity. Those depressed (AOR:0.62) and PLHIV (AOR:0.55) had significantly lower odds of reporting decreased food intake. Respondents who felt anxious (AOR:0.07), depressed (AOR: 0.48) and who were PLHIV (AOR:0.68) had significantly lower odds of reporting a negative impact of the pandemic on their daily lives. We concluded the study findings may reflect a complex relationship between financial insecurity, food insecurity, poor quality of life, mental health, and socioeconomic status of adults living in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Persistent effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet, exercise, risk for food insecurity, and quality of life: A longitudinal study among U.S. adults

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105639
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Rogers ◽  
Brianna N. Lauren ◽  
Jennifer A. Woo-Baidal ◽  
Elissa M. Ozanne ◽  
Chin Hur
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Food Insecurity

scholarly journals Quality of life in an adolescent orthodontic population: Invisalign versus fixed appliances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Sharma ◽  
Robert Drummond ◽  
William Wiltshire ◽  
Robert Schroth ◽  
Milos Lekic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Domain Scores

ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate adolescent orthodontic patient experiences and quality of life with fixed appliances compared to Invisalign. Materials and Methods Adolescent patients in active treatment with Invisalign or fixed appliances for a minimum of 6 months were provided with the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 questionnaire, along with additional items of interest that were assessed separately. Pearson's χ2 test was used to compare responses (P &lt; .05), and unpaired t-tests (P &lt; .05) were used to test for differences in mean satisfaction, quality of life, and domain scores. Results In total, 74 patients (37 in each treatment group) participated. Overall, no significant differences were noted in the mean quality of life, satisfaction, or domain scores between the two groups. A significant difference was noted in the time taken to adjust to appliances, with the Invisalign group demonstrating faster adaptation. Additionally, the fixed appliance group was 3.8 times more likely to report missing school because of their appliance (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2, 12.5) and 2.7 times more likely to report having difficulty eating certain foods (95% CI: 1.1, 7.1). When the sample of females between the ages of 14 and 18 was analyzed, the Invisalign group reported feeling attractive more often than the fixed appliance group. Conclusions Both treatment groups were generally very satisfied with their treatment modality. The overall quality of life of adolescent orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances and Invisalign for a minimum of 6 months was similar.

scholarly journals Reliability and telephone validity of the Stroke-specific Quality of Life (SS-QOL) scale

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 339-339
Author(s):  
Linda S Williams ◽  
Gayle Redmon ◽  
D’Anna C Saul ◽  
Morris Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Domain Score ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Trained Interviewer ◽  
Individual Domain ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Ir Study ◽  
Domain Scores

P3 Background/Purpose: The SS-QOL is a validated 49-item stroke-specific quality of life scale. Scale stability over time, between raters and with different administration modes are necessary for use in large studies. The purpose of this study is to examine SS-QOL test-retest (TR) and inter-rater reliability (IR), and validity of telephone (PH) administration. Methods: Ischemic stroke survivors with no significant language or cognitive impairments were recruited as part of an ongoing study of SS-QOL version 2.0. In the TR study (N=47), a trained interviewer re-administered the SS-QOL within 2 hours of the initial interview. In the IR study (N=24), a second trained interviewer re-administered the SS-QOL within 2 hours of the first interview. The PH interview (N=34) was conducted within 48 hours of a face to face interview. Pearson correlations were used to assess the relationship between the overall SS-QOL scores and individual domain scores. Because scores may be highly correlated yet biased, paired t-tests were used to assess response bias. Overall SS-QOL score and domain scores range from 1.0 (worst) to 5.0 (best). Domains are: Mobility, Upper Extremities, Work, Self-care, Energy, Family Roles, Vision, Language, Social Roles, Cognition, Personality, and Mood. Results: 98–100% of the 3 samples were male, 88–94% were white and mean age was 66–67 years. Mean time since stroke was 4 months in the TR and IR samples and 5 months in the PH sample. SS-QOL scores were highly correlated and unbiased on TR (r=.92), IR (r=.92), and PH (r=.93) testing. All individual domain scores were also highly correlated in IR, TR and PH testing. Cognition and Personality domain scores were slightly higher on re-test and the Language domain score was slightly higher on PH administration. These differences were all < 1/4 of a standard deviation in domain score. Conclusions: The SS-QOL has excellent test-retest and inter-rater reliability. Telephone administration of the SS-QOL is accurate and unbiased. Individual domain scores are also highly reliable and observed differences in domain scores are rare and small. Validation of SS-QOL mail administration is ongoing.

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