scholarly journals Effects of Aspect Ratio and Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Prosopis Juliflora Fibre-reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sujin Jose ◽  
A. Athijayamani ◽  
K. Ramanathan ◽  
S. Sidhardhan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Fibre Loading ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, an attempt was made to use Prosopis juliflora fibres (PJFs) as a reinforcing agent for phenol formaldehyde (PF) composites. Mechanical properties of the composites were studied for various fibre aspect ratios (FAR) and fibre loadings (FL). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the fractured surface of the composites. The peak range of mechanical properties was identified for composites with a FAR of 136 and fibre loading of 23.53 wt%. This study shows that the optimum FAR and fibre loading for PJFs were found to be 136 and 23.53 wt% in order to achieve good reinforcement with better mechanical properties in the PF resin matrix. Experimental results were observed to be in very good agreement with the theoretical.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (IMPACT STRENGTH) OF PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES WITH VARIATION OF FIBRE LOADING AND TREATMENT PROCESS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Sapuan 1,2,,b ◽  
S. Izwan 1a
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Fibre Loading ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper presents the study of mechanical properties of short pineapple leaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) is one of them that have also good potential as reinforcement in thermoplastic composite. It is the objective of the current research to characterize the mechanical properties of treated and untreated composites of PALF reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite with four different volume fractions of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) was fabricated, (5 vol%, 10 vol%, 15 vol% and 20 vol%).  The study of this PALF-PP composite demonstrates that bulk density of the composite decrease as the volume fraction increased. From the study about impact strength toward the fibre loadings, impact strength and energy absorbed increase as the volume fraction of fibre increased. Untreated PALF gives greater impact strength than treated PALF. From the experiment conducted on impact test and scanning electron microscopy experiment, untreated fibre produce greater impact and absorbed energy than treated fibre. Until 20% of PALF, result showed strength of the composite still rising to prove that 20% of fibre will fabricate finest fibre loading for the PALF-PP composite was observed from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph as an evidences on compatibility mechanical properties at the intersectional region of composite.

scholarly journals Effects of Addition of Prosopis Juliflora Fiber on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood Dust and Coir Pith Particle Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Hybrid Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 6558-6562
Author(s):  
A. Athijayamani ◽  
A.Sujin Jose ◽  
K. Ramanathan ◽  
S. Sidhardhan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Coir Pith

In this study, Wood Dust (WD)/Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) and Coir Pith (CP)/PF composites were hybridized with the Prosopis Juliflora Fiber (PJF) to obtain the hybrid composites. Composites were prepared by hand moulding technique. The weight percentage of particles and fibers are fixed in the ratio of 1:1. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strengths were evaluated as a function of the particle and fiber loadings. The results show that the properties of both the WD and CP composites obviously improved by the addition of the PJF. The improvement in WD/PF composites was obviously higher than the CP/PF composites for all loadings. The WD/PJF/PF hybrid composites exhibited better tensile (strength of 48.9 MPA and modulus of 1262.1 MPa, respectively), flexural (strength of 55.4 MPa and modulus of 1344.3 MPa, respectively), and impact properties (1.32 KJ/m2). 

Creating Biomaterials Inspired by the Microstructure of Cuttlebone

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2229-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Cadman ◽  
Yu Hang Chen ◽  
Shi Wei Zhou ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Good Agreement

The microstructure of cuttlebone is investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A graded aspect ratio of the base cells between layers is evident in some samples. A method for designing graded biomaterials mimicking this cuttlebone microstructure is developed. Simplified 3D biomaterial samples are created using CAD software. These biomaterials are fabricated using a stereolithographic apparatus (SLA). The homogenisation technique is used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the original cuttlebone sample and the fabricated biomaterial sample. Good agreement is found between the Young’s moduli of corresponding layers. However, it is inconclusive whether the Young’s moduli have a proportional relationship to the aspect ratio of the base cell at this stage of the study.

Preparation and Properties of Graphene and its Nanocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Chen Chi M. Ma ◽  
Sheng Tsung Hsiao ◽  
Wei Hao Liao ◽  
Shin Ming Li ◽  
Yu Sheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study proposed a method to improve the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy composites by incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and multi-graphene platelets (MGPs) hybrid materials. The MWCNT can bridge adjacent MGPs and inhibit their aggregation effectively, leading to an increased contact surface area between MGP/MWCNT hybrid materials and epoxy matrix. From observing the fractured surface of composite by scanning electron microscope, MWCNT/MGP hybrid materials exhibited better compatibility than individual MWCNT and MGP did.The tensile strength of GD400-MWCNT/MGP/epoxy composites was 35.4% higher than that of epoxy, compared to only a 0.9% increase in tensile strength for MGP/epoxy composites. Thermal conductivity enhanced by 146.9% through incorporating MWCNT/MGP hybrid materials and 23.9% for MGP fillers, compared to non-derivatised epoxy.

Preparation and Characterization of Epoxy/Alumina Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2964-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Wu ◽  
Linfeng Lu ◽  
Linhai Yu ◽  
Xiaoyan Yu ◽  
Kimiyoshi Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Nano Alumina ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nano-alumina (Al2O3, 30 nm) particles were employed to reinforce and toughen epoxy resin. The effects of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by tensile and impact tests. It shows that the mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites have been improved significantly. For the prepared nanocomposite with 3.0 wt.% of Al2O3 addition, the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength reached 74.83 MPa, 10.63% and 13.79 kJ/m2, and were improved by 82.60%, 33.38% and 63.58%, respectively, compared with those of pure epoxy resin. The epoxy/Al2O3 nanocomposites also show good dielectric properties and excellent thermal stability under nitrogen atmosphere. Investigation of fractured surface of the obtained nanocomposites was carried out to study the dispersion of nanoarchitectonics Al2O3 with scanning electron microscopy.

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Crack Propagation Behaviour of Hybrid Composites with Epoxy Resin Matrix

2012 ◽  
Vol 729 ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tamás ◽  
T. Czigány
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Emission Study ◽  
Acoustic Emission Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

Mechanical properties, micro structure and crack propagation behaviour of different fabric reinforced mono and hybrid composites for materials of wind turbines have been investigated. Mechanical properties of different fabrics (glass, basalt and carbon) reinforced mono and hybrid composites with epoxy resin matrix have been compared. For characterization of materials tensile, three-point bending and single-edge notched tensile (SEN-T) tests with acoustic emission study were used and scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures have been taken of the fracture surfaces of composite specimens. Similar behaviour of glass and basalt fibre reinforced composites was revealed by tensile and three-point bending tests. The satisfactory adhesion between fibre and matrix was shown by scanning electron microscope. The fibre-break was proven by the taken pictures to be the main failure mechanism. Results of mechanical tests were also confirmed by acoustic emission study. The crack propagation method of glass and basalt fabric reinforced composites is similar.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Randomly Oriented Calotropis Gigantea Fiber-Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Biocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6043-6050 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Athijayamani ◽  
S. Sekar ◽  
S. Sidhardhan ◽  
K. Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Neat Resin ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Critical Fiber Length ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact, of randomly oriented Calotropis Gigantea Fiber (CGF) -reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) biocomposites were studied based on the five different fiber loadings (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 vol%) and three different fiber lengths (3, 9, and 15 mm). The critical fiber length and optimum fiber loading were identified with the maximum level of mechanical properties in this composite. The fractured surfaces of composites after testing were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that the addition of CGFs is improving the mechanical properties of the PF composite. The properties of composites reach the properties of the neat resin sample at 20 vol% of all the cases. The critical fiber length and the optimum fiber loading to obtain the maximum mechanical properties were identified as 9 mm and 40 vol% respectively. Experimental tensile property values were compared with theoretical values and found to be in good agreement.

Physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of nanoscale graphene oxide-poly methylmethacrylate composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (20) ◽  
pp. 2803-2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aftab A Khan ◽  
Eraj H Mirza ◽  
Badreldin A Mohamed ◽  
Nabeel H Alharthi ◽  
Hany S Abdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Graphene Oxide Sheets ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this laboratory study was to formulate and characterize the graphene oxide-poly(methyl methacrylate) resin composite with an intended use as bone cement. Graphene oxide was fabricated through ultrasonication route. The autopolymerization resin (Eco Cryl Cold, Protechno, Vilamalla Girona, Spain) was used to prepare the specimens of required dimensions for different testing parameters. The control group (C-group) was prepared as such. However, for GO1-group, 0.024 wt/wt.-% of graphene oxide was incorporated in a resin matrix and GO2-group was a composite with 0.048 wt/wt.-% of graphene oxide in a resin matrix. TEM examination of graphene oxide sheets demonstrated them in the range of ∼500 nm to ∼2 µm. The mechanical properties were characterized using three-point bending and wear resistance, while material properties were assessed through transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The results suggest that 0.024 wt/wt.-% and 0.048 wt/wt.-% of loading of GO have no effect on the physiochemical characteristics. However, thermal characteristics might slightly be improved. According to the analysis of variance results ( p < 0.05, n = 5), wear resistance and bending strength of both GO1 and GO2 groups significantly improved compared to C-group. The bending strength of GO2 improved to 87.0 ± 7.2 MPa from 65.9 ± 11.5 MPa of C-group. Scanning electron microscopy examination of the fractured surface demonstrated granule like structure where the graphene oxide sheets might be covered inside PMMA. The use of GO-PMMA composites favorably enhances the mechanical properties of bone cement.

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of HDPE/Bio-Polymer as Compounding Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurulsaidatulsyida Sulong ◽  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Roller Screw ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of bio-polymer as compounding material in mechanical properties of HDPE is described in this study. 10% of bio-polymer was added to the HDPE and then mixed by using Brabender Plastograph machine using mixer and roller screw and then test specimens were prepared by injection moulding. The origin bio-polymer (VOP), HDPE and the compounding bio-polymer/ HDPE (CDM) were compared by using tensile test and the microstructure was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the fractured surface of the samples. The tensile strength of CDM was found to increase that is 17.47 MPa compared to pure VOP that only 5.69 MPa while pure HDPE has the highest tensile strength that is 20.98 MPa. By adding 10% bio-polymer to the HDPE was increased up the strength at about 207.16% while pure HDPE produced 268.91% increment with VOP as the precursor. SEM of the VOP produced brittle fracture surface while CDM have brittle and ductile surface and HDPE has totally ductile surface with highest plastic deformation properties of all.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Tensile Characters of Prosopis Juliflora Fiber-Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5564-5567
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Fiber Aspect Ratio ◽  
Aspect Ratios

The experimentally perceived tensile characters (tensile strength and tensile modulus) of Prosopis juliflora fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites with different fiber aspect ratios (FAR) and fiber loadings (FL) have been fabricated and compared with the prevailing reinforcement theories. This analysis illustrates that the most favorable fiber aspect ratio and fiber loading of Prosopis Juliflora Fiber reinforced PF composites. FAR136 and 20 weight% of fiber loading were found as good combination to attain better bonding with superior mechanical characteristics in the Phenol Formaldehyde polymer matrix. In this study, an evaluation is made between theoretical models and experimental data. Theoretical models like parallel and series, Halpin-Tsai and modified Halpin-Tsai have been trying to fit the experimental data.

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