Podróżniczki wobec Innego. Rasa w rozumieniu Marii Rakowskiej i Heleny Pajzderskiej (na przykładzie Podróży Polki do Persji i nowel z tomu Z dalekich lądów)

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3 (462)) ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Ida Jahnke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Physiological Difference ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Travel Writers ◽  
Travel Discourse ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the perception of the concept of race in texts of two travel writers: Maria Rakowska and Helena Pajzderska. It points to similarities and differences between the concepts of the authors and the anthropological discourse of the second half of the 19th century. Further, it is demonstrated that the authors extended racial typologies based on the physiological difference with reflection on social and cultural diversity (the concept of family, everyday life). The final remarks lead to considerations on the relationship between the literary genre and the 19th-century travel discourse.

The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

scholarly journals NJEGOŠ U NJEMAČKIM PUTOPISIMA SVOGA DOBA NJEGOŠ IN GERMAN TRAVELOGUES OF HIS TIME

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (37) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Ana Minić
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Travel Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Travel Writings ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Travel Writers ◽  
The 19Th Century

Although travelogue is a marginalized literary genre, its role in imagological research is enormous and it cannot be disputed that as a media for studying relations between cultures, it mediated vast knowledge and information that was often taken as the only authoritative one. German travel writings of the 19th century about Montenegro were very scarce until Petar II Petrović Njegoš came to power, and with the change of government in Montenegro, the attitude of foreigners towards it also changed, so travel writers from Germany headed to this South Slavic country. Translations played a great role in arousing the interest of German writers, especially the translation of Karadžić's work "Montenegro and Montenegrins", but also the visit of the Saxon King Frederick Augustus II. The time of Njegoš's rule can be considered the blooming of German travel literature about Montenegro and the time when closer ties were established between these two cultures, which will affect the situation after Njegoš's death, when the most important travel writers of the 19th century came to Montenegro from the German-speaking area. In the German travelogues of Njegoš's time, the writers dealt with numerous topics that clearly reflected the image of the other and not all had the same approach and view of certain phenomena in Montenegrin society. However, the personality of the Montenegrin ruler united them and they all wrote hymns about Njegoš, without exception. He was the personification of kindness and hospitality, erudition and wisdom, masculine beauty and prudence in the German travelogues of his time, he was a reformer and an enlightener, and in every respect he was a symbol of progress.

Byelorussian Nationalism and Western Russianism: the Problem of Confrontation

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the relationship between Western Russianism (Zapadnorusizm) and Byelorussian nationalism. Byelorussian nationalism is much younger than Western Russianism, finally shaping only in the end of the 19th century. Before 1917 revolution Byelorussian nationalism could not compete with Western Russianism. The national policy of the Bolsheviks contributed to the decline of Western Russianism and helped Byelorussian nationalism to gain stronger positions. However, Byelorussian nationalists actively cooperated with the occupation authorities during the Great Patriotic war. That caused distinctly negative attitude of Byelorussians towards the movement and collaborators. Currently, Byelorussian nationalism is supported both by the opposition and by the government. Western Russianism has no political representation, but is supported by the majority of Byelorussian population.

"SHACKLE (KANDALNY) PATH" TO SIBERIA BY RAIL IN 60-70S OF THE 19TH CENTURY. THE DEPORTATION SYSTEM AND EVERYDAY LIFE OF POLITICAL EXILES

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Aleksei S. Gulin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with actually little studied questions about the ways and methods of transporting political exiles to Siberia by rail, about the everyday life of that category of exiles in the new conditions of deporting in the 60–70s of the 19th century.

Contraste, Dissonanzen, Missklänge: Zum Verhältnis von Idylle und Tourismus in literarischen Schweiz-Reisen des 19. Jahrhunderts (Ida Hahn-Hahn, Hans Christian Andersen)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Christian Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hans Christian Andersen ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The discrepancy between common temporary expectations of Switzerland as idyll on the one hand, and the reality of its industrially organized tourism on the other, imposes irritations upon the touristic gaze. This article, then, traces the origins of this discrepancy and examines the relationship between Swiss idyll and tourism in the 19th century. The analyses of Ida Hahn-Hahn’s Eine Idylle and Hans Christian Andersen’s Iisjomfruen showcase different ways of relating idyll and tourism to one another as well as the aesthetic merit produced by this constellation.

Tenses in 19th-century Dutch sentence-grammar

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
J. A. Le Loux-Schuringa
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
One To One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Summary In this paper some theories on tenses are described. These theories appeared in the Netherlands in the first half of the 19th century. The purpose is not just describing the different tense-systems of P. Weiland (1805), W. Bilderdijk (1826), W. G. Brill (1846) and L. A. te Winkel (1866). In the first half of the 19th century some fundamental changes took place. It is shown that these changes are based upon continuity of research of time and tense in the Dutch tradition. This continuity is found on three levels: (a) The research was concentrated on the verbal forms, no other information from the sentence was used. (b) The grammarians took the relationship between linguistic forms and logical categories as a one-to-one relation. (c) The morphological form of the Dutch language determined the grammatical representation of the tense-systems more and more.

The Relationship between Trade and Foreign Direct Investment: Testing Ahmed Midhat Efendi's Hypothesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-549
Author(s):  
V. Necla Geyikdagi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The West ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Independent Thinking

“Jack of all trades” Ahmed Midhat Efendi, one of the most famous and popular Ottoman writers of the 19th century, ranged widely in his subject matter, which included economics. Although he was criticized for not having a proper education in the field, his independent thinking made him the most important critic of the laissez-faire system that prevailed in the Ottoman Empire. He disapproved of the liberalism transferred from the West in a normative framework.

scholarly journals JEG SER DE BØGELYSE ØER – OG DETTE FOLK ER VORT: Om emotionalisering, subjektivering og danske sange

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Damsholt
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Landscape History ◽  
Danish Population ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with questions of subjectivation. The emotional bonds between a landscape and the individual as interpreted in Danish patriotic songs from the 19th-century are seen as crucial in the process of subjectivation turning the Danish population into a patriotic or selfconscious people. In the songs the sensing self is turned into a Danish self, an individual subject but part of a certain landscape, history and nation. Furthermore the Danish folkhigh-schools are seen as institutions of subject-ivation, since singing patriotic songs here became a natural part of everyday life. In the light of the Foucauldian perspective the emotional and bodily experiences at the folk-highschools (often staged outdoors in the Danish landscape) are interpreted as "technologies of the national self", since it is precisely via individuals’ work with themselves that the national subjectivation takes place.  

scholarly journals EVERYDAY LIFE OF UKRAINIAN NOBILITY IN 2 QUARTER OF 19 CENTURY: M. MARKEVYCH’S LETTER TO P. GALAGAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Maryna Budzar
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Everyday Communication

The publication of the document is devoted to the anniversaries of two well-known representatives of the Ukrainian elite of the 19th century — 200th anniversary of the birth of Hryhorii Pavlovych Galagan and the 215th anniversary of the birth of Mykola Andriiovych Markevych. Published letter depicts the serious events of the family history of Markevyches — the disease and the death of the father of historian Andrii Markevych. The text contains a detailed description of the events leading up to the event and the circumstances of the death of A. Markevych. The author addresses to Pavlo Galagan, who is the husband of his aunt (mother’s sister). He fully trusts this man. This leads to the frankness of the story. The text includes people from the immediate surroundings of related families of Markevyches — Galagans. This allows us to clarify the personal and psychological characteristics of individual representatives of the Markevyches family. We can notice from the text the remarkable details of the everyday life of the middle-income family of the beginning of the 19th century. We see the arrangement of everyday life, the traditions of everyday communication, the level of provision of medical aid, etc. The contents of the document reveals the attitude of the nobility Left Bank Ukraine to the problem of disease and death, to the ethics of family communication, to property and financial problems.

scholarly journals Vom historischen Erbe zur selbstbestimmten Sprach(en)politik? Literarische Mehrsprachigkeit in Litauen und Lettland

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Natalia Blum-Barth
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Historical Legacy ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language

From Historical Legacy to Self-Determined Language(s) Policy? Literary Multilingualism in Lithuania and Latvia. The first part of this article looks at Soviet language(s) policy. Two further parts discuss language(s) policy and literary multilingualism in Lithuania and Latvia. The aim is not to provide a differentiated investigation, but to show similarities and differences as well as tendencies in the language(s) politics of the two states from the 19th century to the present in the mirror of literature and to explain them using case studies. In the fourth, concluding part, literary translation is highlighted as one of the formats for implementing multilingualism outside the text with particular focus on the consultative function of the Russian language.

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