Investigation of the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of waste on the quality of liquid fuel products from them, obtained by multi-loop recirculation pyrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (106) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
L.M. Markina ◽  
N.Yr. Zholobenko ◽  
S.Yr. Ushcats
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Waste Mixture ◽  
Hydrocarbon Product

Purpose: To study the properties of MSW generated in Ukraine in order to ensure their most efficient processing using the multi-loop recirculation pyrolysis technology in order produce a liquid fuel product. Design/methodology/approach: The problem' study of MSW accumulation in the world countries was carried out on the basis scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Mendeley, ResearchGate, Google Scholar for the corresponding keywords. The MSW properties generated in Ukraine were determined in accordance with the current standards to determine the specific properties of materials. For the experimental study, 3 types of solid organic waste mixtures were compiled, the composition of which characterizes the variable data on the accumulation of household and industrial waste of Ukraine. The quantity and quality of the liquid product obtained was determined using certified equipment. Findings: The tests revealed that the composition of the solid organic waste mixture when disposing of them by the multi-loop recirculation pyrolysis method has little effect the composition and properties of the obtained liquid hydrocarbon product; the total time of complete degradation for different mixtures of composite materials (mixtures of polymeric substances) is 180-250 min; the correct selection of the temperature of the circulation system makes it possible to produce a gaseous or liquid product which can then be used as an alternative fuel. Research limitations/implications: Current study of solid organic waste degradation was carried out by the multi-loop recirculation pyrolysis method. The experimental waste mixtures did not contain very wet waste of small fractions. Practical implications: The technology of circulating pyrolysis makes it possible to change the qualitative and quantitative composition of the obtained liquid hydrocarbon product, which is a potential fuel, irrespective of the composition of the solid organic waste mixture.Originality/value: It has been experimentally established that the quality of the liquid hydrocarbon product obtained by the multi-loop recirculation pyrolysis process does not depend on the composition of the solid organic waste mixture, but depends on the process' duration and the third circuit' temperature of the multi-loop recirculation system.

Pollutants in Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Education Laboratory. Experimental and Machine Learning Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 720-730
Author(s):  
Iker Montes-Bageneta ◽  
Urtzi Akesolo ◽  
Sara López ◽  
Maria Merino ◽  
Eneritz Anakabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
University Education ◽  
Academic Factors ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software

Aims: Computational modelling may help us to detect the more important factors governing this process in order to optimize it. Background: The generation of hazardous organic waste in teaching and research laboratories poses a big problem that universities have to manage. Methods: In this work, we report on the experimental measurement of waste generation on the chemical education laboratories within our department. We measured the waste generated in the teaching laboratories of the Organic Chemistry Department II (UPV/EHU), in the second semester of the 2017/2018 academic year. Likewise, to know the anthropogenic and social factors related to the generation of waste, a questionnaire has been utilized. We focused on all students of Experimentation in Organic Chemistry (EOC) and Organic Chemistry II (OC2) subjects. It helped us to know their prior knowledge about waste, awareness of the problem of separate organic waste and the correct use of the containers. These results, together with the volumetric data, have been analyzed with statistical analysis software. We obtained two Perturbation-Theory Machine Learning (PTML) models including chemical, operational, and academic factors. The dataset analyzed included 6050 cases of laboratory practices vs. practices of reference. Results: These models predict the values of acetone waste with R2 = 0.88 and non-halogenated waste with R2 = 0.91. Conclusion: This work opens a new gate to the implementation of more sustainable techniques and a circular economy with the aim of improving the quality of university education processes.

Effects of pre-treatment technologies on quantity and quality of source-sorted municipal organic waste for biogas recovery

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Lund Hansen ◽  
Jes la Cour Jansen ◽  
Åsa Davidsson ◽  
Thomas Højlund Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Biogas Recovery

scholarly journals Impact of basin evolution, depositional environment, pore water evolution and diagenesis on reservoir-quality of Lower Paleozoic Haima Supergroup sandstones, Sultanate of Oman

GeoArabia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-138
Author(s):  
Karl Ramseyer ◽  
Joachim E. Amthor ◽  
Christoph Spötl ◽  
Jos M.J. Terken ◽  
Albert Matter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Reservoir Quality ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Oman Mountains ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charge

ABSTRACT Sandstones of the Early Paleozoic Miqrat Formation and Barik Sandstone Member (Haima Supergroup) are the most prolific gas/condensate containing units in the northern part of the Interior Oman Sedimentary Basin (IOSB). The reservoir-quality of these sandstones, buried to depths exceeding 5 km, is critically related to the depositional environment, burial-related diagenetic reactions, the timing of liquid hydrocarbon charge and the replacement of liquid hydrocarbon by gas/condensate. The depositional environment of the sandstones controls the net-sand distribution which results in poorer reservoir properties northwards parallel to the axis of the Ghaba Salt Basin. The sandy delta deposits of the Barik Sandstone Member have a complex diagenetic history, with early dolomite cementation, followed by compaction, chlorite formation, hydrocarbon charge, quartz and anhydrite precipitation and the formation of pore-filling and pore-lining bitumen. In the Miqrat Formation sandstone, which is comprised of inland sabkha deposits, similar authigenic minerals occur, but with higher abundances of dolomite and anhydrite, and less quartz cement. The deduced pore water evolution from deposition to recent, in both the Miqrat Formation and the Barik Sandstone Member, reflects an early addition of saline continental waters and hydrocarbon-burial related mineral reactions with the likely influx of lower-saline waters during the obduction of the Oman Mountains. Four structural provinces are recognized in the IOSB based on regional differences in the subsidence/uplift history: the Eastern Flank, the Ghaba and Fahud Salt Basins and the Mabrouk-Makarem High. In the Fahud Salt Basin, biodegradation of an early oil charge during Late Paleozoic uplift resulted in reservoir-quality degradation by bitumen clogging of the pore space. On the Eastern Flank and the Mabrouk-Makarem High, however, the early oil bypassed the area. In contrast, post-Carboniferous liquid hydrocarbons were trapped in the Mabrouk-Makarem High, whereas on the Eastern Flank surface water infiltration and loss of hydrocarbons or biodegradation to pore occluding bitumen occurred. In the Ghaba Salt Basin, post-Carboniferous hydrocarbon charge induced a redox reaction to form porosity/permeability preserving chlorite in the reservoirs. The liquid hydrocarbons were replaced since the obduction of the Oman Mountains by gas/condensate which prevented the deep parts (>5,000 m) of the Ghaba Salt Basin from pore occluding pyrobitumen and thus deterioration of the reservoir quality.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS PUPUK KOMPOS DAUN KETAPANG DAN KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT BERBEDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Wirnangsi Din Uno
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Effective Source

Composting of organic waste into compost can be accelerated by using EM4. The nutrients can be obtained from carbohydrate sources, sugar cane, sugar, and brown sugar. This study aimed to determine the quality of Indian almond leaves compost with the addition of carbohydrate sources, sugar cane water, sugar, and brown sugar. The study employed a qualitative descriptive to describe the quality of the compost which refers to the National Compost Standard (SNI: 19-7030-2004). The results showed that the quality of the compost with the addition of the aforementioned carbohydrates sources has a C/N ratio value that exceeds the National Compost Standard (SNI: 19-7030-2004). Meanwhile, other characteristics such as temperature, pH, humidity, texture, color, and smell had met the requirements of the National Compost Standard (SNI: 19-7030-2004). The most effective source of carbohydrates for producing quality compost was brown sugar.

Overview radiography of abdominal organs in dogs and cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. N. Baymatov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Metelev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Extrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽  
Selection Of

Today, less attention has been paid to x-ray studies of animals in connection with the advent of more modern methods. At the same time, the quality of radiopaque substances decreased, which is reflected in this article. The Omnipack, Urografin, Visipack, Barium sulfate, Iodipamide, Bilignost and Biligrafin used in radiopaque contrast studies in most cases did not reveal the hepatobiliary system. Only the last two drugs gave satisfactory results. The complexity of the X-ray examination of the biliary system in cats and dogs lies in the features of the location of the extrahepatic bile ducts and the condition of the intestine, the size of the liver, its structure, echogenicity, the state of the vessels and surrounding organs. In this work, we took into account the anatomical variants of the development and location of organs in animals, which may complicate the study or evaluation of the data obtained. These included changes in the contours, shape, location of the gallbladder and its filling. The results obtained were compared with the available general species standards, taking into account the possible individual characteristics of each animal. Other studied drugs gave satisfactory results with an overall assessment of the abdominal organs, but we preferred Omnipack. Survey radiography provides a large amount of information with the correct selection of radiopaque substances.

scholarly journals Optimization of Organic Waste Composting in Diponegoro University with the Use of Pterocarpus indicus as Bio-activator

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 07008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadel Iqbal Muhammad ◽  
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Process Variations ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Conventional Methods

Currently, Diponegoro University has been composting dry leaves with conventional methods through a facility called TPST. Even so, the processing which have been carried out has not been able to process all the organic waste in the location. Seeing these conditions, it is necessary to look for alternatives that are better and more economical to apply. Bioactivators are used from the leaves of Pterocarpus indicus which serve to accelerate the composting process. The bioactivators was made by making a solution of the leaves of Pterocarpus indicus which has been mashed, then mixed with molasses and rice flour and then left for 15 days. By using experimental method, the composting process is observed. This study aims to analyze the quality of compost with applicable standards. The quality of compost is assessed by looking at the pH, temperature, and macro nutrient percentage such as C-organic, N-total, and C / N ratio. During the composting process, variations in the stirring frequency are carried out, which is once every 2 days, 4 days and 7 days. After doing laboratory test, not all reactors meet the standards for pH, temperature, C-organic, N-total, and C / N ratio according to SNI 19-7030-2004.

The Effect of Cracking Temperature from a Mixture of HDPE and LDPE type Plastic Waste using Zeolite Catalyst on the Quality of Liquid Fuel Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 1500 ◽  
pp. 012088
Author(s):  
Pamilia Coniwanti ◽  
Indira Nur Sakinah ◽  
Fitri Hadiah ◽  
Farra Unzillah Kendari Putri ◽  
Roosdiana Muin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Plastic Waste

Measurement of High Thermodynamic Temperatures in the DLR Solar Furnace by UV-B Detection

Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Rohner ◽  
Andreas Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

The correct selection of the operating wavelength is essential for a precise pyrometric temperature measurement on solar irradiated samples, as the measurement may be disturbed by reflected solar radiation. Atmospheric conditions and particularly the emissivity as basic material property determine the amount of this reflected and the emitted radiation from a sample under investigation. An approach to solve this problem by using a monochromator system for temperature measurement in the UV-B range was developed and experimentally tested. With this system, temperature measurements were possible beginning at 1320°C and ranging up to about 2400°C. Two calculation methods are described and compared. The influence of the calibration temperature on the quality of the temperature measurement is shown. Measurements on a blackbody up to 1500°C were performed for calibration purpose. Temperature measurements on a real solar heated magnesia sample up to 2400°C are presented and discussed. These spectral measurements on hot bodies irradiated in the DLR Solar Furnace led to the final specification of the measurement wavelengths to be in the range from 280 nm to 293 nm.

Elements and Materials Improve the FDM Products: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abduladim Salem Bala ◽  
Saidin bin Wahab ◽  
Mazatusziha binti Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Process Parameter ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Additive Materials ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

This work aims to provide a review of available published literature that explores the opportunities to improve the quality of fused deposit modelling (FDM) products, particularly in medical applications. The paper presents details concerning the basis of the technology, process parameter settings and their responses, and reviews the properties of common FDM engineering/bio-materials and the available methods applied for improving their performance. Based on the researches which have been reviewed, FDM technology works within a complex environment from process parameters. Thus, it can achieve good results only with the proper settings for these parameters according to the properties of the material used. Improving the polymers is essentially based on the correct selection of additive materials, which can particularly enhance the key property/properties in the matrix material. This review provides a brief insight into FDM technology, provides an idea of the process parameter settings, the available materials and ways of modifying their properties to consequently improve the quality of FDM products.

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