scholarly journals Morphological variations in Nigerian Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 populations in Guinea savannah agro-ecological zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4 - Ahead of print) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
Olubusola Temitope Adeoye ◽  
Olufemi Richard Pitan ◽  
Kehinde Olutoyin Ademolu ◽  
Akinola Rasheed Popoola ◽  
Bridget Bobadoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 is one of the most economically valuable insects which plays significant role in human medicine, nutrition and crop pollination. The morphometric variations of honeybee from different locations of the southern guinea and northern guinea savannah ecological zone of Nigeria were studied. Fifteen morphological traits were measured for variation on six hundred (600) worker honeybee samples purposively collected from ten different locations within the ecological zone. Data collected were subjected to one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), SNK test (α=0.05) and Pearson correlation between morphometric characters were determined. At the same time a dendrogram of morphological proximity based on the fifteen morphological features was constructed. Results showed that morphometry variation (p<0.05) existed within the honeybee population in the guinea savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria, high morphological similarities were observed in the tibia length of the hind leg and the thorax length. The honeybee samples were classified into two distinct morphoclusters (A and B). Honeybee samples within morphocluster A were closely related in terms of the examined morphometric features and geographic distance (CV=1.65). In contrast, within cluster B, honeybee samples were closely related despite the vast geographical distance (CV=3.30, p<0.05). The body length was significantly positively correlated with the leg size, while hind wing length was positively associated with the proboscis, abdominal, thoracic, body length and hooks. Morphometric variations found in A. mellifera of guinea agro-ecological zone could significantly impact conservation and future bee breeding programmes of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Gut Morphometrics in the Long-Tailed Duck Clangula Hyemalis Wintering on the Polish Baltic Coast

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Ewa Działa-Szczepańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Intestine Length ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Clangula Hyemalis ◽  
Sternum Length

Gut Morphometrics in the Long-Tailed DuckClangula HyemalisWintering on the Polish Baltic CoastThe study included guts of 140 individuals of the long-tailed duckClangula hyemalisobtained in autumn and winter of 1993-2000 in the western part of the Polish Baltic Coast. The following morphometric characters were analysed: duodenum length (DL), combined jejunum and ileum length (JIL), small intestine length (SIL), combined terminal intestine and cloaca length (TCL), and combined length (CBL) and weight (CBW) of both caeca. In the analysis the birds' sex and age were taken into consideration, as well as their body size characterised by body weight, body length, and sternum length. Ontogenetic differences in the gut morphometric characters were more pronounced in males than in females, and immature drakes were characterised by higher average values of JIL and CBW, compared to adult males. Besides the CBL and CBW, sexual dimorphism was manifest in the body size and other gut measurements - those parameters achieved higher average values in males than in females. No such differences were recorded with respect to relative parameters: DL, SIL, and TCL expressed as the percentage of the birds' body length. In case of JIL, CBL, and CBW no relation with any of the body size parameters was found. No relevant relations between SIL and JIL, and the measurements of CBL and TCL were noticed.

scholarly journals Morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Murni ◽  
UMIE LESTARI ◽  
SRI ENDAH INDRIWATI ◽  
ACHMAD EFENDI ◽  
NANI MARYANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant

Abstract. Murni D, Lestari U, Indriwati SE, Efendi A, Maryani N, Amin M. 2020. Morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 933-940. This study aimed to describe the morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationship among indigenous buffaloes of Banten, Indonesia. In this study, 125 buffaloes from six regions were investigated based on 11 morphometric characters. Morphometric diversity was analyzed using multivariate discriminant analysis. The Euclidean genetic distances were used to estimate the phenotypic relationship among the buffalo populations. The indigenous buffaloes of Banten have high morphometric diversity, with a coefficient from 2.83 to 41.43%. The body length and chest circumference can be used as a morphometric marker to determine potential indigenous buffaloes as their high correlation coefficient value (0.506). The Serang district buffaloes have the highest mean of body length and chest circumference, which shows that this population is potential compared to the populations from other regions. The morphometric of buffalo population from Serang City, Cilegon City, Serang District, and Pandeglang District tend to be homogenous. Meanwhile, Lebak and Tangerang District population tends to heterogeneous. According to Euclidean distance analysis, the proximate phenotypic relationship was between Serang and Pandeglang District's buffalo populations. Our results indicated that morphometric diversity and phenotypic relationships of the populations were related to geographical origins and can be used to determine the potential indigenous of buffaloes.

Studies on morphological variation in three barbin fishes (Cyprinidae:Barbinae) from different water areas of Manipur, India 

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Basudha ◽  
N. Sobita and N. Sushindrajit
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
P Value ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Puntius Sophore

A total of two hundred and seventy samples of three barbin fish species viz. Puntius chola, Puntius sophore and Pethia manipurensis (Cyprinidae: Barbinae) were investigated for morphometric variations from nine different water areas of Manipur. Twenty reliable morphometric characters were measured in each sample and evaluated with individual species and compared same in each study area by various standard analyses of difference to examine the implication of morphometric variations among populations. The species wise and population wise descriptive statistics viz., mean, standard variation, standard error of mean and the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) were carried out. Among the morphometric characters, Pre dorsal length (LPRD), Orbital length (LO) and Post orbital length (LPO) are insignificant having p value of 0.217, 0.259 and 0.215 respectively. The result of first three components by PCA were 69.62 % (1st), 77.627 % (2nd) and 83.214 % (3rd) which are sufficient to describe the variation among the populations. Discriminant function analysis of the first two functions of various measurements of morphometric characters of three fish species under study reveals that specimens of Puntius chola and P. sophore have high morphological variations whereas specimens of Pethia manipurensis have more or less variations among the populations. The detected phenotypical divergence between specimens revealed the fact of existing of morphologically separated stocks within the samples may imply as a possibility among the extent of phenotypic heterogeneity and the geographic distance among the populations. The present study reveals that the population of two species, Puntius chola and P. sophore are separate stock as their geographical sites whereas the population of P. manipurensis is same stock in spite of different geographical sites.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

scholarly journals Digital 3D models of theropods for approaching body-mass distribution and volume

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Reolid ◽  
Francisco J. Cardenal ◽  
Jesús Reolid
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Skull Length ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
Primitive Forms

AbstractThe aim of this work is to obtain diverse morphometric data from digitized 3D models of scientifically accurate palaeoreconstructions of theropods from eight representative families. The analysed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) models belong to the genera Coelophysis, Dilophosaurus, Ceratosaurus, Allosaurus, Baryonyx, Carnotaurus, Giganotosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus. The scanned 3D models were scaled considering different body-size estimations of the literature. The 3D analysis of these genera provides information on the skull length and body length that allows for recognition of major evolutionary trends. The skull length/body length in the studied genera increases according with the size of the body from the smallest Coelophysis with a ratio of 0.093 to ratios of 0.119–0.120 for Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus, the largest study theropods. The study of photogrammetric 3D models also provides morphometric information that cannot be obtained from the study of bones alone, but knowing that all reconstructions begin from the fossil bones, such as the surface/volume ratio (S/V). For the studied theropod genera surface/volume ratio ranges from 35.21 for Coelophysis to 5.55 for Tyrannosaurus. This parameter, closely related to the heat dissipation, help in the characterization of the metabolism of extinct taxa. Accordingly, slender primitive forms of the Early Jurassic (i.e. Coelophysis and Dilophosaurus) had relatively smaller skulls and higher mass-specific metabolic rates than the robust large theropods of the Cretaceous (i.e. Giganotosaurus and Tyrannosaurus). This work presents a technique that, when applied to proper dinosaur models, provides extent and accurate data that may help in diverse study areas within the dinosaur palaeontology and palaeobiology.

scholarly journals The dynamic of body and brain co-evolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232199468
Author(s):  
Paolo Pagliuca ◽  
Stefano Nolfi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

We introduce a method that permits to co-evolve the body and the control properties of robots. It can be used to adapt the morphological traits of robots with a hand-designed morphological bauplan or to evolve the morphological bauplan as well. Our results indicate that robots with co-adapted body and control traits outperform robots with fixed hand-designed morphologies. Interestingly, the advantage is not due to the selection of better morphologies but rather to the mutual scaffolding process that results from the possibility to co-adapt the morphological traits to the control traits and vice versa. Our results also demonstrate that morphological variations do not necessarily have destructive effects on robots’ skills.

The philometrid nematodePhilometroides acreanensis n. sp. from the stomach wall of the catfishPimelodus blochiiin north-western Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H.O. Cavalcante ◽  
F. Moravec ◽  
C.P. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stomach Wall ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
South American

AbstractA new nematode species,Philometroides acreanensisn. sp. (Philometridae), is described from female specimens recovered from the stomach wall of the freshwater catfishPimelodus blochiiValenciennes (Pimelodidae) collected in the Acre River (Amazon River basin), Acre State, Brazil. Based on examination by light and scanning electron microscopy, the new species differs from the two other South American congeneric species mainly in the body length of the gravid female (240–280 mm), the length of the oesophagus (1.25 mm in holotype) representing 0.5% of the entire body length, the range of cuticular embossment, as well as the location in the host (stomach), order of the fish host (Siluriformes) and the geographical distribution (Amazon River drainage system). This is the third known species ofPhilometroidesYamaguti, 1935 reported from South America. A key to species ofPhilometroidesoccurring in the fish of America is provided.

scholarly journals First finding of Ityogonimus lorum and I. ocreatus co-infection in the Iberian mole, Talpa occidentalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roser Adalid ◽  
Jordi Torres ◽  
Marcos Miñarro ◽  
Màrius Vicent Fuentes ◽  
Jordi Miquel
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Sucker ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
First Finding ◽  
European Mole ◽  
First Time

Abstract The Ityogonimus lorum-I. ocreatus co-infection is reported for the first time in the Iberian mole Talpa occidentalis in Asturias (NW Spain). Both Ityogonimus species are stenoxenous helminths of insectivores of the genus Talpa and they have often been found parasitizing the Iberian mole and also the European mole T. europaea, but a mixed infection had not been previously reported. The present study also highlights the main differential morphometric characteristics between I. lorum and I. ocreatus such as the body length, the ventral sucker diameter, the ratio between suckers and the distance between suckers.

Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), a nematode associate of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus Fabr. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Dutch elm disease-affected elm, Ulmus laevis Pall.

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-318
Author(s):  
Marek Tomalak ◽  
Anna Filipiak
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Scolytus Scolytus ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Ulmus Laevis

Summary Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is described from the bark of the European white elm, Ulmus laevis. All propagative stages of the nematode were found in larval galleries of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus, and in overlapping gallery systems of this species and the small European elm bark beetle, S. multistriatus. Dauer juveniles of the new nematode are transmitted to new breeding trees under elytra of adult S. scolytus. Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is characterised by the female body length of 953 (838-1108) μm and male body length of 893 (811-971) μm, very slender body (a = 53.9 (46.1-58.5) and 60.9 (52.2-72.0) in female and male, respectively), lateral fields with three incisures (two bands), excretory pore usually located anterior to the median bulb, lack of vulval flap, long post-uterine sac, relatively small spicules 12.3 (10.8-13.3) μm long with no cucullus and with distinct, somewhat thorn-like, dorsally bent or reflexed condylus and a conical or digitate rostrum, and the arrangement of the seven male caudal papillae (i.e., a single precloacal ventromedian papilla (P1), one pair of adcloacal ventrosublateral papillae (P2) at or just anterior to cloacal slit, one ventrosublateral, postcloacal pair (P3) located at ca 60% of the tail length, posterior to cloacal slit, and one pair (P4) of ventrosublateral papillae located near the base of the bursa). The newly described species shares most of the key morphological characters with members of the eremus-group (sensu Braasch et al., 2009). However, B. michalskii sp. n. is unique amongst Bursaphelenchus species by a combination of female tail and spicule shape, excretory pore position, and other morphometric characters. These findings were confirmed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 18S and 28S rDNA regions and by the unique molecular profile of the ITS region (ITS-RFLP).

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