scholarly journals A New Paradigm for Health Economics? We Have Three Already!

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Economics ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Care Systems

Figure I depicts a set of inter-sectoral financial flows that represent central features of the organization and financing of health care systems. But It is primarily a set of accounting relationships, a gross anatomical description that provides no “physiology” explaining how the various components interact, or how those interactions might change in response to anatomical changes.  What difference does it make, in terms of patterns of service delivery and cost, of distribution of burdens and benefits among the population, or of population health status, if the mixes of financing and funding flows in Figure 1 are re-arranged?  These questions, sometimes overt, often covert, are everywhere at the heart of debates over health policy.

scholarly journals The future of health economics: The potential of behavioral and experimental economics

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Hansen ◽  
Anders Anell ◽  
Ulf-G Gerdtham ◽  
Carl Hampus Lyttkens
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Economics ◽  
Experimental Economics ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
Demand For Health ◽  
Economics Research

Health care systems around the globe are facing great challenges. The demand for health care is increasing due to the continuous development of new medical technologies, changing demographics, increasing income levels, and greater expectations from patients. The possibilities and willingness to expand health care resources, however, are limited. Consequently, health care organizations are increasingly required to take economic restrictions into account, and there is an urgent need for improved efficiency. It is reasonable to ask whether the health economics field of today is prepared and equipped to help us meet these challenges. Our aim with this article is twofold: to introduce the fields of behavioral and experimental economics and to then identify and characterize health economics areas where these two fields have a promising potential. We also discuss the advantages of a pluralistic view in health economics research, and we anticipate a dynamic future for health economics.Published: Online May 2015. In print December 2015.

scholarly journals From heterogeneity to harmonization? Recent trends in European health policy

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S133-S142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerlinger ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Urban
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Lisbon Strategy ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
European Health ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Eu

In the European Union (EU), health policy and the institutional reform of health systems have been treated primarily as national affairs, and health care systems within the EU thus differ considerably. However, the health policy field is undergoing a dynamic process of Europeanization. This process is stimulated by the orientation towards a more competitive economy, recently inaugurated and known as the Lisbon Strategy, while the regulatory requirements of the European Economic and Monetary Union are stimulating the Europeanization of health policy. In addition, the so-called open method of coordination, representing a new mode of regulation within the European multi-level system, is applied increasingly to the health policy area. Diverse trends are thus emerging. While the Lisbon Strategy goes along with a strategic upgrading of health policy more generally, health policy is increasingly used to strengthen economic competitiveness. Pressure on Member States is expected to increase to contain costs and promote market-based health care provision.

Il "quadrilatero" di Ardigň: genealogia e sviluppo di un paradigma emergente

2009 ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Guido Giarelli
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Medical Sociology ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Sociology Of Health ◽  
Cultural Origins

- After describing the context in which the ‘quadrilateral'of Ardigň was conceived as an innovative gnoseological tool aimed to characterize the rising Italian Health Sociology in comparison with the much more well established tradition of the Northern American and British Medical Sociology, the essay tries to trace its cultural origins: which are found, at the level of scientific debate, in the ‘great coupure' or epistemological turning point of the Thirties, which Ardigň considers the framework from which to move; and, on the other side, in the micro-macro debate which characterized the sociological discipline during the Seventies and the Eighties with the opposition between the Sociologies of the subjective action versus the Sociologies of the social system, and the attempt to get over it by making a ‘paradigm of exit from the postmodern' which could deal in depth with the intrinsic double face and the ambivalence of the social stuff. In the last part, the developments of the ‘quadrilateral'are traced in the attempts of further elaboration by its critical application to different fields of the Sociology of Health (health care systems, health reforms, quality of health care services, health inequalities) which shape an emerging new paradigm of connectionist type.Keywords: "quadrilateral", Sociology of Health, Medical Sociology, ambivalence, connectionist paradigm, postmodern.Parole chiave: "quadrilatero", sociologia della salute, medical sociology, ambivalenza, paradigma connessionista, postmoderno.

scholarly journals Biogenic Nanosilver against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria (MDRB)

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Barros ◽  
Stephanie Fulaz ◽  
Danijela Stanisic ◽  
Ljubica Tasic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Systems

Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) are extremely dangerous and bring a serious threat to health care systems as they can survive an attack from almost any drug. The bacteria’s adaptive way of living with the use of antimicrobials and antibiotics caused them to modify and prevail in hostile conditions by creating resistance to known antibiotics or their combinations. The emergence of nanomaterials as new antimicrobials introduces a new paradigm for antibiotic use in various fields. For example, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the oldest nanomaterial used for bactericide and bacteriostatic purposes. However, for just a few decades these have been produced in a biogenic or bio-based fashion. This review brings the latest reports on biogenic AgNPs in the combat against MDRB. Some antimicrobial mechanisms and possible silver resistance traits acquired by bacteria are also presented. Hopefully, novel AgNPs-containing products might be designed against MDR bacterial infections.

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