scholarly journals Serum leptin concentrations, leptin mRNA expression, and food intake during the estrous cycle in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirasak Fungfuang ◽  
Tomoaki Nakada ◽  
Nobuhiro Nakao ◽  
Misao Terada ◽  
Makoto Yokosuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Serum Leptin

Loss of body fat in lean parabiotic partners of ob/ob mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. R1809-R1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Leptin Expression

The objective of this experiment was to confirm whether changes in serum leptin and leptin expression were consistent with it being the "lipostatic" factor implicated by earlier parabiosis studies. Lean (+/?) and obese (ob/ob) female C57B1/6J-ob mice were parabiosed (lean-ob/ob) at 7 wk of age. Controls were ob/ob-ob/ob and lean-lean pairs, and single lean and ob/ob mice. Pairs were maintained for 50 days. In ob/ob members of lean-ob/ob pairs serum insulin was normalized, food intake was suppressed, and body fat was reduced by 14%. Lean partners of ob/ob mice had a reduced rectal temperature and experienced a 37% reduction in body fat. Despite loss of fat, serum leptin and adipose leptin mRNA expression were unchanged in lean partners of ob/ob mice. These results suggest that, in lean-ob/ob parabiotic pairs, the ob/ob mouse responds to leptin originating in the lean parabiont, whereas the lean partner responds to a circulating signal, originating in the ob/ob mouse, that maintains leptin expression at inappropriate levels for the degree of adiposity of the lean animal.

scholarly journals Effects of estrogen on food intake, serum leptin levels and leptin mRNA expression in adipose tissue of female rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirasak Fungfuang ◽  
Misao Terada ◽  
Noriyuki Komatsu ◽  
Changjong Moon ◽  
Toru R. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Serum Leptin

The role of photoperiod on the expression of hypothalamic genes regulating appetite in Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Jinhong Cai ◽  
Chunmei Huang ◽  
Zhengkun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

The hypothalamus and leptin play a key role in the regulation of food intake. The present study investigated the effects of 4 weeks of short- or long-photoperiod on serum leptin levels and food intake in relation to mRNA expression levels of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the hypothalamus of Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri). There was a significant difference in body fat mass, food intake and neuropeptide Y mRNA expression between the two groups, but serum leptin level, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript mRNA expression in the hypothalamus were not difference between the two groups. The elevation of neuropeptide Y mRNA regulated neuropeptides in the hypothalamus suggests a physiological role of neuroendocrine factors in food intake during the different photoperiod. We conclude that leptin may be involved in energy balance and body mass regulation.

The anorectic effect of fenfluramine is influenced by sex and stage of the estrous cycle in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. R1486-R1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Eckel ◽  
Heidi M. Rivera ◽  
Deann P. D. Atchley
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gonadal Hormone ◽  
Estrous Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Hormone Status ◽  
Anorectic Effect

The controls of food intake differ in male and female rats. Daily food intake is typically greater in male rats, relative to female rats, and a decrease in food intake, coincident with the estrous stage of the ovarian reproductive cycle, is well documented in female rats. This estrous-related decrease in food intake has been attributed to a transient increase in the female rat's sensitivity to satiety signals generated during feeding bouts. Here, we investigated whether sex or stage of the estrous cycle modulate the satiety signal generated by fenfluramine, a potent serotonin (5-HT) releasing agent. To examine this hypothesis, food intake was monitored in male, diestrous female, and estrous female rats after intraperitoneal injections of 0, 0.25, and 1.0 mg/kg d-fenfluramine. The lower dose of fenfluramine decreased food intake only in diestrous and estrous females, suggesting that the minimally effective anorectic dose of fenfluramine is lower in female rats, relative to male rats. Although the larger dose of fenfluramine decreased food intake in both sexes, the duration of anorexia was greater in diestrous and estrous female rats, relative to male rats. Moreover, the magnitude of the anorectic effect of the larger dose of fenfluramine was greatest in estrous rats, intermediate in diestrous rats, and least in male rats. Thus our findings indicate that the anorectic effect of fenfluramine is modulated by gonadal hormone status.

scholarly journals Differential expression of cyclooxygenase 1 and cyclooxygenase 2 in the bovine oviduct

2006 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Odau ◽  
Christoph Gabler ◽  
Christoph Holder ◽  
Ralf Einspanier
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Epithelial Cell Layer ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cycle Dependent ◽  
Cox 1

The aim of the present study was to investigate the enzymes for the local prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis present in the bovine oviduct during the estrous cycle to influence early reproductive events. Bovine oviducts were classified into four phases: pre-ovulatory, post-ovulatory, early-to-mid luteal, and late luteal phase, subdivided further into ipsi- or contralateral site and separated into ampulla or isthmus. Oviductal cells were gained by flushing the oviductal regions. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR was performed for the secretory and cytosolic phospholipases A2 (sPLA2IB, cPLA2α, and cPLA2β) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) as the first step enzymes of PG synthesis. COX-1 and cPLA2β showed significant highest mRNA expression around and before ovulation compared with the luteal phase respectively. sPLA2IB and cPLA2α mRNA expression was unregulated during the estrous cycle. Regional differences in mRNA content were found for sPLA2IB with higher mRNA expression in the ampulla than in the isthmus. Western blot analysis revealed the highest COX-1 protein content in the early-to-mid luteal phase. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that COX-1 was localized in epithelial and smooth muscle cells, whereas COX-2 was only localized in epithelial cells. COX-2 showed a differential distribution within the epithelial cell layer suggesting a regulation on a cellular level, although the COX-2 mRNA and protein amounts did not vary throughout the estrous cycle. A COX activity assay of oviductal cells revealed that COX activity originated predominantly from COX-1 than from COX-2. Treatment of primary oviductal cells with 10 pg/ml 17β-estradiol or 10 ng/ml progesterone resulted in a higher expression of COX-2 and cPLA2α, but not of the other enzymes. The expression pattern of these enzymes suggests that an estrous-cycle dependent and region-specific PG synthesis in the bovine oviduct may be required for a successful reproduction.

Cafeteria feeding induces interleukin-1β mRNA expression in rat liver and brain

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. R1734-R1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Hansen ◽  
Ping Taishi ◽  
Zutang Chen ◽  
James M. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
Normal Rat

Food intake affects gut-immune function and can provide a strong intestinal antigen challenge resulting in activation of host defense mechanisms in the digestive system. Previously, we showed that feeding rats a cafeteria diet increases non-rapid eye movement sleep by a subdiaphragmatic mechanism. Food intake and sleep regulation and the immune system share the regulatory molecule interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Thus this study examined the effects of a cafeteria diet on IL-1β mRNA and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP) mRNA expression in rat liver and brain. Rats were fed normal rat chow or a palatable diet consisting of bread, chocolate, and shortbread cookies (cafeteria diet). After 3 days, midway between the light period of the light-dark cycle, rats were killed by decapitation. Feeding rats a cafeteria diet resulted in increased IL-1β mRNA expression in the liver and hypothalamus compared with rats fed only the normal rat chow. In addition, cafeteria feeding decreased IL-1RAP mRNA levels in the liver and brain stem. These results indicate that feeding has direct effects on cytokine production and together with other data suggest that the increased sleep that accompanies increased feeding may be the result of increased brain IL-1β. These results further suggest that cytokine-to-brain communication may be important in normal physiological conditions, such as feeding, as well as being important during inflammatory responses.

Serum leptin levels and energy expenditure in normal weight women

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Martin ◽  
PJH Jones ◽  
R V Considine ◽  
W Su ◽  
N F Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Humans

To investigate whether circulating leptin levels are associated with energy expenditure in healthy humans, doubly labeled water energy measurements and food intake assessment were carried out in 27 women (mean age, 48.6 years; weight, 61.9 kg; body mass index, 23.2). Energy expenditure was determined over 13 days. Food intake was measured by 7-day food records. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Leptin level was strongly associated with percentage body fat (r = 0.59; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.41; p = 0.03), but no correlation was observed with energy expenditure (r = 0.02; p = 0.93). After controlling for percentage body fat, a positive association of leptin level with energy expenditure of marginal significance (p = 0.06) was observed. There were no significant univariate associations of age, physical activity, lean body mass, height, or dietary variables with leptin level. When controlling for body fat, a significant positive correlation was observed for percent energy from carbohydrate and negative correlations with dietary fat and alcohol intake. These findings confirm previous associations between leptin and body fat content and suggest a relationship between serum leptin and energy expenditure level in healthy humans.Key words: leptin, energy expenditure, body composition, diet.

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