Loss of body fat in lean parabiotic partners of ob/ob mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. R1809-R1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Leptin Expression

The objective of this experiment was to confirm whether changes in serum leptin and leptin expression were consistent with it being the "lipostatic" factor implicated by earlier parabiosis studies. Lean (+/?) and obese (ob/ob) female C57B1/6J-ob mice were parabiosed (lean-ob/ob) at 7 wk of age. Controls were ob/ob-ob/ob and lean-lean pairs, and single lean and ob/ob mice. Pairs were maintained for 50 days. In ob/ob members of lean-ob/ob pairs serum insulin was normalized, food intake was suppressed, and body fat was reduced by 14%. Lean partners of ob/ob mice had a reduced rectal temperature and experienced a 37% reduction in body fat. Despite loss of fat, serum leptin and adipose leptin mRNA expression were unchanged in lean partners of ob/ob mice. These results suggest that, in lean-ob/ob parabiotic pairs, the ob/ob mouse responds to leptin originating in the lean parabiont, whereas the lean partner responds to a circulating signal, originating in the ob/ob mouse, that maintains leptin expression at inappropriate levels for the degree of adiposity of the lean animal.

Serum leptin levels and energy expenditure in normal weight women

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Martin ◽  
PJH Jones ◽  
R V Considine ◽  
W Su ◽  
N F Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Humans

To investigate whether circulating leptin levels are associated with energy expenditure in healthy humans, doubly labeled water energy measurements and food intake assessment were carried out in 27 women (mean age, 48.6 years; weight, 61.9 kg; body mass index, 23.2). Energy expenditure was determined over 13 days. Food intake was measured by 7-day food records. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Leptin level was strongly associated with percentage body fat (r = 0.59; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.41; p = 0.03), but no correlation was observed with energy expenditure (r = 0.02; p = 0.93). After controlling for percentage body fat, a positive association of leptin level with energy expenditure of marginal significance (p = 0.06) was observed. There were no significant univariate associations of age, physical activity, lean body mass, height, or dietary variables with leptin level. When controlling for body fat, a significant positive correlation was observed for percent energy from carbohydrate and negative correlations with dietary fat and alcohol intake. These findings confirm previous associations between leptin and body fat content and suggest a relationship between serum leptin and energy expenditure level in healthy humans.Key words: leptin, energy expenditure, body composition, diet.

scholarly journals Effects of estrogen on food intake, serum leptin levels and leptin mRNA expression in adipose tissue of female rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirasak Fungfuang ◽  
Misao Terada ◽  
Noriyuki Komatsu ◽  
Changjong Moon ◽  
Toru R. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Serum Leptin

scholarly journals trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits lipoprotein lipase but increases the activity of lipogenic enzymes in adipose tissue from hamsters fed an atherogenic diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Zabala ◽  
Itziar Churruca ◽  
Alfredo Fernández-Quintela ◽  
Víctor M. Rodríguez ◽  
M. Teresa Macarulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lipogenic Enzyme ◽  
Lipogenic Enzymes

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of trans-10,cis-12conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the activity and expression of lipogenic enzymes and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), as well as on the expression of transcriptional factors controlling these enzymes, in adipose tissue from hamsters, and to evaluate the involvement of these changes in the body fat-reducing effect of this CLA isomer. Thirty male hamsters were divided into three groups and fed atherogenic diets supplemented with 0 (linoleic group), 5 or 10g trans-10,cis-12CLA/kg diet, for 6 weeks. Body and adipose tissue weights, food intake and serum insulin were measured. Total and heparin-releasable LPL and lipogenic enzyme activities (acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC); fatty acid synthase (FAS); glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH); and malic enzyme (ME)) were assessed. ACC, FAS, LPL, sterolregulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP-1a), SREBP-1c and PPARγ mRNA levels were alsodetermined by real-time PCR. CLA did not modify food intake, body weight and serum insulin level. CLA feeding reduced adipose tissue weight, LPL activity and expression, and increased lipogenic enzyme activities, despite a significant reduction in ACC and FAS mRNA levels. The expression of the three transcriptional factors analysed (SREBP-1a, SREBP-1c and PPARγ) wasalso reduced. These results appear to provide a framework for partially understanding the reduction in body fat induced by CLA. Inhibition of LPL activity seems to be an important mechanism underlying body fat reduction in hamsters. Further research is needed to better characterizethe effects of CLA on lipogenesis and the role of these effects in CLA action.

The role of photoperiod on the expression of hypothalamic genes regulating appetite in Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Jinhong Cai ◽  
Chunmei Huang ◽  
Zhengkun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

The hypothalamus and leptin play a key role in the regulation of food intake. The present study investigated the effects of 4 weeks of short- or long-photoperiod on serum leptin levels and food intake in relation to mRNA expression levels of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the hypothalamus of Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri). There was a significant difference in body fat mass, food intake and neuropeptide Y mRNA expression between the two groups, but serum leptin level, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript mRNA expression in the hypothalamus were not difference between the two groups. The elevation of neuropeptide Y mRNA regulated neuropeptides in the hypothalamus suggests a physiological role of neuroendocrine factors in food intake during the different photoperiod. We conclude that leptin may be involved in energy balance and body mass regulation.

Glucocorticoids reverse leptin effects on food intake and body fat in mice without increasing NPY mRNA

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. E708-E716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Solano ◽  
Lauren Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Significant Attenuation ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Leptin Expression ◽  
Stimulation Of

Glucocorticoid stimulation of appetite and leptin expression conflicts with leptin inhibition of food intake and suggests that glucocorticoids reduce sensitivity to leptin. To determine if glucocorticoids impair feeding and metabolic responses to leptin, we measured leptin-induced changes in food intake, body weight, hormones, carcass fat, and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA in adrenalectomized mice with and without corticosterone replacement. Leptin infusion (0.5 μg/h) significantly decreased food intake and body weight in adrenalectomized mice. Corticosterone replacement approximating normal 24-h mean levels restored food intake but did not permit weight gain equivalent to PBS-infused controls. Corticosterone levels comparable to stress-induced production completely reversed leptin-induced reductions in weight gain and body fat, despite significant attenuation by leptin of corticosterone-induced increases in plasma insulin levels. Glucocorticoid replacement increased food intake without reversing leptin inhibition of hypothalamic NPY mRNA levels. We conclude that glucocorticoid levels within the physiological range can interfere with leptin action and that glucocorticoid effects are at least partly independent of NPY.

scholarly journals Serum leptin concentrations, leptin mRNA expression, and food intake during the estrous cycle in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirasak Fungfuang ◽  
Tomoaki Nakada ◽  
Nobuhiro Nakao ◽  
Misao Terada ◽  
Makoto Yokosuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Serum Leptin

Fasting serum insulin concentrations are associated with QTc duration independent of serum leptin, percent body fat, and BMI

Diabetes Care ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1917-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kazumi ◽  
A. Kawaguchi ◽  
J. Katoh ◽  
Y. Ikeda ◽  
K. Kishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Serum Leptin

Effects of fasting and re-feeding on energy metabolism and thermogenesis in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-rong Gao ◽  
Wan-long Zhu ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Shu-ran Sun ◽  
Zheng-kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Serum Leptin

To investigate the effect of fasting and re-feeding on energy metabolism and thermogenesis in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri), the changes in body mass and body fat mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), body composition, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in liver and brown adipose tissue (BAT), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) content of BAT, serum leptin level and post-fasting food intake were monitored and measured. The results showed that fasting induced a significant reduction in body mass and body fat mass. Body mass was restored to the control level in re-feeding tree shrew except for the body fat. RMR and NST decreased significantly in response to fasting, and returned to the control level after re-feeding. Fasting induced significant reduction in total, but not specific, COX activity (nmol O2/min/total tissue) in liver and BAT, and UCP1 content in BAT, which was reversed after re-feeding 48 h. Fasting of 12 h induced a rapid reduction in serum leptin content. There were no post-fasting compensatory increases in food intake. Interestingly, the tree shrew did not recover adipose tissue mass, nor serum leptin levels, upon re-feeding. These results suggest that T. belangeri can adjust the status of its physiology integratively to cope with the lack of food by means of decreasing body mass, adaptive thermogenesis and serum leptin levels, and serum leptin level acted as a starvation signal to mediate predominantly the reduction in body mass and energy expenditure.

scholarly journals STAT5 ablation in AgRP neurons increases female adiposity and blunts food restriction adaptations

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora C Furigo ◽  
Pryscila D S Teixeira ◽  
Paula G F Quaresma ◽  
Naira S Mansano ◽  
Renata Frazão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Mice

AgRP neurons are important players in the control of energy homeostasis and are responsive to several hormones. In addition, STAT5 signalling in the brain, which is activated by metabolic hormones and growth factors, modulates food intake, body fat and glucose homeostasis. Given that, and the absence of studies that describe STAT5 function in AgRP cells, the present study investigated the metabolic effects of Stat5a/b gene ablation in these neurons. We observed that STAT5 signalling in AgRP neurons regulates body fat in female mice. However, male and female STAT5-knockout mice did not exhibit altered food intake, energy expenditure or glucose homeostasis compared to control mice. The counter-regulatory response or glucoprivic hyperphagia induced by 2-deoxy-d-glucose treatment were also not affected by AgRP-specific STAT5 ablation. However, under 60% food restriction, AgRP STAT5-knockout mice had a blunted upregulation of hypothalamic Agrp mRNA expression and corticosterone serum levels compared to control mice, suggesting a possible role for STAT5 in AgRP neurons for neuroendocrine adaptations to food restriction. Interestingly, ad libitum fed knockout male mice had reduced Pomc and Ucp-1 mRNA expression compared to control group. Taken together, these results suggest that STAT5 signalling in AgRP neurons regulates body adiposity in female mice, as well as some neuroendocrine adaptations to food restriction.

Recombinant leptin exchanges between parabiosed mice but does not reach equilibrium

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. R1800-R1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harris ◽  
J. Zhou ◽  
D. S. Weigle ◽  
J. L. Kuijper
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Serum Leptin

Parabiosis experiments suggest that ob/ob mice are deficient in a circulating "lipostatic" signal but respond to such a signal when it is delivered in the cross circulation from their parabiotic partner. Identification of leptin as the mutation in ob/ob mice leads to the assumption that leptin is the lipostatic signal. The objective of these experiments was to determine the circulating half-life of leptin and to demonstrate whether it exchanged between parabiosed mice. Measurement of disappearance of recombinant leptin from serum in SWRJ mice indicated a circulating half-life of approximately 36 min. Single ob/ob mice or one member of a parabiosed pair of ob/ob mice received 50 micrograms recombinant murine leptin in two intraperitoneal injections a day for 10 days, starting 40 days after parabiosis surgery. Control mice and pairs received equivalent injections of vehicle. In single mice, leptin significantly reduced food intake, body weight, serum insulin, and pancreatic and liver weight. Leptin treatment of one member of a parabiosed pair of ob/ob mice reduced serum insulin, gut content (an index of food intake), and body fat in both partners. The injected parabiont lost more fat than its partner, and body temperature was increased only in the injected mouse, indicating that leptin did not reach equilibrium in the two animals. This was confirmed by Western blot analysis of serum leptin measured 2 h after injection. Therefore, although leptin can exchange between parabionts, its half-life is inadequate to allow equilibrium when a large concentration gradient exists between partners.

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