scholarly journals Public R&D and Science – Industry Links in Economic Development: Implications for Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavo Radošević
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
East European ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
European Economies

The paper presents the current understanding of the role of public R&D in economic growth and the science–industry links from middle-income economies like Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In the second part, we present the conventional view on science–industry links which see these linkages primarily in terms of a one-way transfer of knowledge or its commercialisation from R&D to the business enterprise sector. Based on the comparative data, which also includes BiH, we show an alternative approach and argue about its relevance in the context of BiH. Our conclusion is that science–industry links (SIL) should support technology upgrading and not (or not only) R&D based growth. In the next section, we present the current understanding of the role of public R&D in economic growth. Section two explores the role of public R&D in the catching up context, while section 3 explores specifically the role of science-industry links in catching up context. Section 4 proposes a ‘Triple Helix’ approach to science - industry linkages for catching up economies. We illustrate its features within the data for the central and east European economies. Finally, section 5 concludes with implications for BiH

Availability of Infrastructure Facilities in India

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-163
Author(s):  
Soumyadip Chattopadhyay ◽  
Sampriti Pal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Private Financing ◽  
Government Level

It has been a well-accepted fact that there exists a strong relationship between infrastructure and economic growth. Like many other developing countries, lot of emphasis has been placed on the importance of investments in infrastructure for fostering economic growth in India. A state-wise analysis of five support infrastructure in India shows improvement in infrastructural facilities in 2014 as compared to 2007. Rural–urban gap is converging for most of the states, showing that the rural areas are catching up with their urban counterparts. However, the availability of infrastructure can be termed anything but inadequate. The infrastructural deficits can be met possibly through better management of publicly funded projects and greater role of private players. Given the resource crunch at government level, private financing of investment is simply a matter of necessity rather than a matter of choice. Therefore, this chapter argues for creation of an enabling environment and to facilitate the infusion of adequate private fund while keeping the interest of vulnerable sections in mind.

Wither Convergence?

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Francisco C. Sercovich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Global Convergence ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
First Time

For the first time since the industrial revolution, emerging economies are the main driver of global economic growth. For all its significance, this cannot be taken as an indicator of global convergence, since it resulted essentially from the successful catching-up processes of just a few Asian countries over the last few decades, whilst the productivity and income of the bulk of the developing economies have lagged persistently behind those of the advanced economies. The former continue to have the potential to grow faster than the latter, but realizing this potential on sustainable basis makes it necessary to meet a number of increasingly stringent conditions. Grounds for optimism are considerably less solid today than was the case in the recent past. This is highlighted by the large number of countries locked-up in the ‘middle-income trap”. This chapter offers a fresh view of this phenomenon, examines the nature of the conditions required for the potential for catching-up of middle-income economies to be realized, and attempts to arrive at a realistic outlook on this matter.

Financial depth and economic growth - the case of Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-321
Author(s):  
Katalin Mérő
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Financial Deepening ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
European Economies ◽  
The Relationship

The article focuses on the relationship between economic growth and financial intermediation, with special focus on the process of catching up in three Central and Eastern European economies: Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland (CEC-3). The depth of financial intermediation and economic growth exhibit a close, direct relationship with each other. According to recent studies the relationship is causal and the level of financial development is a good indicator of future economic growth. Examining the relationship between the two factors is especially important for these Central and Eastern European economies, where the level of financial intermediation is very low compared to that of developed countries. The lack of financial deepening is even more pronounced taking into consideration that there is a significant catching-up process in every other areas of the economy. The initial proposition here is that in order to these countries catching up, their economic growth must necessarily be accompanied by a marked financial deepening, without which long-term economic growth is impossible. It is absolutely necessary that in the future the role of bank loans in these economies increases significantly and that a period characterised by a lending boom follows. The lending boom should occur in CEC-3 is not an unequivocal sign of imprudent lending or a supply-side expansion of bank loans - on the contrary, it should be viewed as complementary to the economic development at the given economic stage.

scholarly journals Economic Development Path of Poland: Innovation and Competitiveness in Light of the Situation of Southern European Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140
Author(s):  
Konrad Kubacki ◽  
Agnieszka Słuszniak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Development Path ◽  
Future Economic Development ◽  
European Economies ◽  
Southern European Countries

Abstract The financial crisis of 2007 revealed structural weaknesses in many European countries, particularly in Southern Europe. The goal of this article is to identify the existing economic situation in the four main Southern European countries: Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain (GIPS), and in Poland, conduct a comparative analysis of the development paths and competitiveness levels of these countries using statistical data as well as existing scientific literature, and finally to formulate suggestions for a new development path of Poland. The results of the analysis suggest that Poland's development is currently on a turning point, portraying many similarities to Southern European economies after their EU accession, as well as before the crisis. The authors come to a conclusion that unless Poland undertakes crucial reforms, particularly in the field of its innovation system, business environment, implementation of EU funds, and overall strategic long-term planning, it is inevitable that its economic growth will slow down, possibly falling into a middle-income trap. Poland might not avoid the same mistakes of GIPS, that failed to implement adequate reforms in times of economic growth, what today results in suffering from serious consequences. T is paper presents a unique view on the future economic development of Poland in relation to the paths already undertaken by Southern European economies.

scholarly journals The Role of Entrepreneurship Activity in Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Jaymin Sanchaniya ◽  
◽  
Ineta Geipele ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
General Expectation ◽  
Different Levels

The paper presents a summary of the literature on the significance and importance of entrepreneurship to economic growth and development. Entrepreneurship has been shown to have been seen to lead to an overall optimistic development in many economic data. There is a general expectation that this inquiry would address the question of whether there is a correlation between the entrepreneurial enterprise and economic growth. In countries with various economic groups, different citizens are classed due to how much wealth they have. The data used in this paper were extracted from the World Bank, the World Entrepreneurship Monitor (WEM) over the last five years, and the World Economic Forum has a Database of Worldwide businesses. However, in low-middle- and middle-income nations, growth-oriented entrepreneurship is associated with economic progress. Analysis of various countries and different levels of economic growth, so it can be claimed that entrepreneurship serves a special position.

Technological Revolutions, Structural Change, and Catching up

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-155
Author(s):  
Jan Fagerberg ◽  
Bart Verspagen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catching Up

This chapter interprets the transition to a more sustainable type of growth as a technological revolution in progress. The chapter opens with a general discussion of the role of technological revolutions and structural change and economic growth, with special emphasis on the acquisition of foreign technology, exports, and catching-up-based growth. It then goes on to examine whether the transition to renewable energy can be seen as a technological revolution in line with the great technological revolutions of the past. The answer to this question is in the affirmative. The final section discusses the implications of this for catching-up-based growth in China and other developing countries.

scholarly journals State Capitalism in Belarus: Behind Economic Anemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiryl Rudy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Public Values ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Economic Slowdown ◽  
The Republic

Belarus’ economic model looked rather successful in the late 1990s and in the 2000s with its economic growth above 7% per year. But during the last decade, Belarusian annual economic growth has fallen at the average level around 1% per year. This chapter reveals the rarely known case of state capitalism in this post-Soviet country with its specific indicators, and instruments behind economic anemia. It also outlines several traps on the way of Belarusian economic growth: “debt trap,” “middle-income trap,” “social burden trap,” “resource curse trap,” “conflict neighbors trap,” and “forceful pressure trap.” These pitfalls lead to the long-term economic slowdown in the Republic of Belarus. The consequences of such economic anemia bring to another discussion about the role of public values in support of state capitalism in Belarus.

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