scholarly journals Innovative Strategies to Develop Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance in Mustard (Brassicaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahaderjeet Singh ◽  
Amanpreet Singh Sran ◽  
Gagandeep Singh Sohi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Brassica Crop ◽  
Mustard Crop ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Mustard crop is the third important source of vegetable oil randomly below soybean L. and palm, all over the world. Brassica crop is extremely susceptible to some biotic and abiotic stresses and they significantly influence the quality and quantity of the crop. In the past generally breeding techniques are used to develop resistance in mustard to avoid diseases though various pathogens are soon able to overcome that resistance by modifying their metabolic cycles. To bear the challenge there is an urgent need to develop abiotic as well as biotic stress tolerant plants using advanced techniques by understanding metabolic and biochemical pathways of plants and pathogens. Several techniques such selection of stress tolerance microbes, metabolite, enzymes, and genes are very important to avoid stresses. Whereas several techniques such as deployment of molecular markers for breeding, identification of Quantitative trait loci (QTL), in vitro tissue culture etc. can be more useful to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in mustard. To develop healthy and high yield varieties, the mix of these techniques is needs to be implemented.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT FOR BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE IN CROP PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
Q Ali ◽  
MM Hafeez ◽  
A Malik
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
The World ◽  
Dioxygenase Enzymes

The field of biotechnology has extraordinary influence on science, law, the administrative condition social insurance, and business throughout the world. As the starting of agriculture, people have been manipulating crops to improve the yield and quantity. Product yields throughout the world are essentially diminished by the activity of herbivorous insects, pathogens, and parasites. Natural environmental stresses make this circumstance significantly worse. Biotechnology can be used to increase the yield of food crops, to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, to modify the traits of the plant (e.g. oil content, percentage of lignin, cell structure), to make the conversion to liquid biofuels more efficient. Various genes have been discovered for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. The genes discovered for biotic stress are aryloxyalkanoate, dioxygenase, enzymes (aad-1), nitrilase, Cry1Ac, Cry2AB, GTgene, AFP (anti-freezing protein gene) gene, Chitinase II and III gene, and Rps1-k. The genes discovered for abiotic stress are SgNCED1, SgNCED1, USP2, HSP70, BADH, and ALO, PVNCED1, HVA1, LeNCED1. CRISPRs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) are the short DNA sequences present in bacteria and archaeal genomes which are now currently used by researchers to edit the genome. In different plant species (calli, leaf discs) protoplasts have been successfully used to edit their genome through CRISPR/Cas9 system. The aims of the applications are to increase resistance to abiotic or biotic stress, to engineer metabolic pathways, and to increase grain yield. Incorporation of modern biotechnology, with regular traditional practices in a sustainable way, can fulfill the objective of achieving food security for the present and as well as in future.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Identification and Functional Insight of Lily WRKY Genes Responding to Botrytis Fungal Disease

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Shipra Kumari ◽  
Bashistha Kumar Kanth ◽  
Ju young Ahn ◽  
Jong Hwa Kim ◽  
Geung-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Lilium Longiflorum ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq of Lilium longiflorum revealed valuable genes responding to biotic stresses. WRKY transcription factors are regulatory proteins playing essential roles in defense processes under environmental stresses, causing considerable losses in flower quality and production. Thirty-eight WRKY genes were identified from the transcriptomic profile from lily genotypes, exhibiting leaf blight caused by Botrytis elliptica. Lily WRKYs have a highly conserved motif, WRKYGQK, with a common variant, WRKYGKK. Phylogeny of LlWRKYs with homologous genes from other representative plant species classified them into three groups- I, II, and III consisting of seven, 22, and nine genes, respectively. Base on functional annotation, 22 LlWRKY genes were associated with biotic stress, nine with abiotic stress, and seven with others. Sixteen unique LlWRKY were studied to investigate responses to stress conditions using gene expression under biotic and abiotic stress treatments. Five genes—LlWRKY3, LlWRKY4, LlWRKY5, LlWRKY10, and LlWRKY12—were substantially upregulated, proving to be biotic stress-responsive genes in vivo and in vitro conditions. Moreover, the expression patterns of LlWRKY genes varied in response to drought, heat, cold, and different developmental stages or tissues. Overall, our study provides structural and molecular insights into LlWRKY genes for use in the genetic engineering in Lilium against Botrytis disease.

scholarly journals Heat Shock Proteins: Dynamic Biomolecules to Counter Plant Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5321 ◽  
Author(s):  
ul Haq ◽  
Khan ◽  
Ali ◽  
Khattak ◽  
Gai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Shock Proteins

Due to the present scenario of climate change, plants have to evolve strategies to survive and perform under a plethora of biotic and abiotic stresses, which restrict plant productivity. Maintenance of plant protein functional conformation and preventing non-native proteins from aggregation, which leads to metabolic disruption, are of prime importance. Plant heat shock proteins (HSPs), as chaperones, play a pivotal role in conferring biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Moreover, HSP also enhances membrane stability and detoxifies the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by positively regulating the antioxidant enzymes system. Additionally, it uses ROS as a signal to molecules to induce HSP production. HSP also enhances plant immunity by the accumulation and stability of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins under various biotic stresses. Thus, to unravel the entire plant defense system, the role of HSPs are discussed with a special focus on plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, which will be helpful in the development of stress tolerance in plant crops.

scholarly journals Use of wild Pennisetum species for improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivali Sharma ◽  
Rajan Sharma ◽  
Mahesh Pujar ◽  
Devvart Yadav ◽  
Yashpal Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

scholarly journals Genetic improvement of rice for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 911-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood-ur ANSARI ◽  
Tayyaba SHAHEEN ◽  
Shazia Anwer BUKHARI ◽  
Tayyab HUSNAIN
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress
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