scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Seromarkers in a University Students Population in Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor B. Oti ◽  
Isa H. Mohammed ◽  
Fatima Y. Al-Mustapha ◽  
Salamatu B. Buhari
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
State University ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Location Type

Infection due to Helicobacter pylori is a public health challenge worldwide as over 3 billion persons are infected with the bacterium globally. There is a serious need to update the knowledge on the epidemiology of this bacterial pathogen and its probable risks factors to generate intervention programs that will reduce the morbidity and mortality of infected individuals. This chapter evaluated the seromarkers of H. pylori infection and its predisposing factors among students of Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Central Nigeria. This study was done between June through August 2019; blood and stool specimens were collected from 400 students of the institution. Before the commencement of the study, ethical clearance and informed consent were retrieved and a structured questionnaire was administered to each participant. Specimens were screened for H. pylori antigen and antibody using rapid test kits (CTK Biotech, Inc., San Diego, USA and Biotest Biotech, China). Information obtained were analyzed using SSP version 2.80. P values <0.05 were reflected statistically significant. Out of the 400 students tested, 166 (41.5%) and 128 (32.0%) showed positive for anti-H. pylori IgG and Ag markers respectively. The antibody seromarker was higher in female while the H. pylori antigen was higher in males. Those students aged 21–30 years old reported the highest prevalence of the seromarkers while those of more than 41 years old had the least prevalence. Location, type of toilet facility and place of residence were statistical associated between H. pylori antigen (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant association between anti-H. pylori IgG and the sources of water of the students (P < 0.05). This is the first public report that has successfully reported the prevalence of these seromarkers among students of a tertiary institution in Nasarawa state. The overall outcomes of this study stressed the need for student-based intervention programs to stem the transmission of this infection in Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

Evaluation of rapid test Assure® Helicobacter pylori for diagnosis of H. pylori in pediatric population

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pelerito ◽  
Mónica Oleastro ◽  
Ana Isabel Lopes ◽  
Paulo Ramalho ◽  
José Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
H Pylori

scholarly journals Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Response Regulator ArsR Exhibit Bactericidal Activity against Helicobacter pylori

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés González ◽  
Javier Casado ◽  
Eduardo Chueca ◽  
Sandra Salillas ◽  
Adrián Velázquez-Campoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Lithocholic Acid ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Secondary Bile Acid ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is considered the most prevalent bacterial pathogen in humans. The increasing antibiotic resistance evolved by this microorganism has raised alarm bells worldwide due to the significant reduction in the eradication rates of traditional standard therapies. A major challenge in this antibiotic resistance crisis is the identification of novel microbial targets whose inhibitors can overcome the currently circulating resistome. In the present study, we have validated the use of the essential response regulator ArsR as a novel and promising therapeutic target against H. pylori infections. A high-throughput screening of a repurposing chemical library using a fluorescence-based thermal shift assay identified several ArsR binders. At least four of these low-molecular weight compounds noticeably inhibited the DNA binding activity of ArsR and showed bactericidal effects against antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori. Among the ArsR inhibitors, a human secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid, quickly destroyed H. pylori cells and exhibited partial synergistic action in combination with clarithromycin or levofloxacin, while the antimicrobial effect of this compound against representative members of the normal human microbiota such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis appeared irrelevant. Our results enhance the battery of novel therapeutic tools against refractory infections caused by multidrug-resistant H. pylori strains.

scholarly journals The role of the gastric bacterial microbiome in gastric cancer: Helicobacter pylori and beyond

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481989406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schulz ◽  
Kerstin Schütte ◽  
Julia Mayerle ◽  
Peter Malfertheiner
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Gastric Carcinogenesis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Current State ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Bacterial Microbiome ◽  
H Pylori

A link between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis has been depicted in many organ systems. Helicobacter pylori is the most prevalent bacterial pathogen, induces chronic gastritis and is associated with more than 90% of cases of gastric cancer (GC). However, the introduction of nucleotide sequencing techniques and the development of biocomputional tools have surpassed traditional culturing techniques and opened a wide field for studying the mucosal and luminal composition of the bacterial gastric microbiota beyond H. pylori. In studies applying animal models, a potential role in gastric carcinogenesis for additional bacteria besides H. pylori has been demonstrated. At different steps of gastric carcinogenesis, changes in bacterial communities occur. Whether these microbial changes are a driver of malignant disease or a consequence of the histologic progression along the precancerous cascade, is not clear at present. It is hypothesized that atrophy, as a consequence of chronic gastric inflammation, alters the gastric niche for commensals that might further urge the development of H. pylori-induced GC. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on gastric bacteria other than H. pylori and on their synergism with H. pylori in gastric carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection in patients undergoing upper endoscopy at University Hospital in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Machado Fonseca ◽  
Renata Margarida Etchebehere ◽  
Adriana Gonçalves Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacterium that cause chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and can predispose the gastric cancer. The study aimed to determinate the prevalence of H. pylori infection by different methods of diagnosis in patients submitted to endoscopy. Of the 145 patients included in the study, were collected fragments of gastric mucosa for histological analysis, and for the rapid urease test. The breath test was also performed. The H. pylori infection was detected in 84 (57.9%) patients by histological study, the rapid test of urease was positive in 81 (55,8%) and the breath test in 62 (56,3%). There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the prevalence of infection by different methods of diagnosis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in our community was lower than that found in the literature for patients with age similar to this study (mean = 53.19 years).

scholarly journals Prospective study to evaluate the number and the location of biopsies in rapid urease test for diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Abou Rached ◽  
Jowana Saba ◽  
Cesar Yaghi ◽  
Joyce Sanyour ◽  
Ahmad El Hajjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Antral Biopsy

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can cause a wide variety of illnesses such as peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The diagnosis and eradication of H. pylori are crucial. The diagnosis of H. pylori is usually based on the rapid urease test (RUT) and gastric antral biopsy for histology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the numbers of needed biopsies and their location (antrum/fundus) to obtain optimal result for the diagnosis of H. pylori. Three hundred fifty consecutive patients were recruited, 210 fulfill the inclusion criteria and had nine gastric biopsies for the detection of H. pylori infection: two antral for the first RUT (RUT1), one antral and one fundic for the second (RUT2), one antral for the third (RUT3) and two antral with two fundic for histology (HES, Giemsa, PAS). The reading of the 3 types of RUT was performed at 1 hour, 3 hours and 24 hours and biopsies were read by two experienced pathologists not informed about the result of RUT. Results of RUT were considered positive if H. pylori was found on histology of at least one biopsy. The RUT1 at 1h, 3h and 24h has a sensitivity of 72%, 82% and 89% and a specificity of 100%, 99% and 87% respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, 99% and 85% respectively and the negative predictive value (NPV) of 81%, 87% and 90%. The RUT2 at 1h, 3h and 24h, respectively, had a sensitivity of 86%, 87% and 91% and a specificity of 99%, 97% and 90%. The PPV was 99%, 96% and 88% and NPV of 89%, 90%, 94%. The RUT3 at 1h, 3h and 24h, respectively, had a sensitivity of 70%, 74% and 84% and a specificity of 99%, 99% and 94%. The PPV was 99%, 99% and 92% and NPV of 79%, 81% and 87%. The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained for RUT1 read at 3h, for RUT2 read 1h and 3h, and the RUT3 read at 24h.This study demonstrates that the best sensitivity and specificity of rapid test for urease is obtained when fundic plus antral biopsy specimens are used with a reading time at 3 hours.

scholarly journals Imaging the Motility and Chemotaxis Machineries in Helicobacter pylori by Cryo-Electron Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuan Qin ◽  
Wei-ting Lin ◽  
Shiwei Zhu ◽  
Aime T. Franco ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flagellar Motors ◽  
Cryo Electron Tomography ◽  
Flagellar Assembly ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial pathogen that can cause many gastrointestinal diseases, including ulcers and gastric cancer. A unique chemotaxis-mediated motility is critical for H. pylori to colonize in the human stomach and to establish chronic infection, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we employ cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to reveal detailed structures of the H. pylori cell envelope, including the sheathed flagella and chemotaxis arrays. Notably, H. pylori possesses a distinctive periplasmic cage-like structure with 18-fold symmetry. We propose that this structure forms a robust platform for recruiting 18 torque generators, which likely provide the higher torque needed for swimming in high-viscosity environments. We also reveal a series of key flagellar assembly intermediates, providing structural evidence that flagellar assembly is tightly coupled with the biogenesis of the membrane sheath. Finally, we determine the structure of putative chemotaxis arrays at the flagellar pole, which have implications for how the direction of flagellar rotation is regulated. Together, our pilot cryo-ET studies provide novel structural insights into the unipolar flagella of H. pylori and lay a foundation for a better understanding of the unique motility of this organism. IMPORTANCE Helicobacter pylori is a highly motile bacterial pathogen that colonizes approximately 50% of the world's population. H. pylori can move readily within the viscous mucosal layer of the stomach. It has become increasingly clear that its unique flagella-driven motility is essential for successful gastric colonization and pathogenesis. Here, we use advanced imaging techniques to visualize novel in situ structures with unprecedented detail in intact H. pylori cells. Remarkably, H. pylori possesses multiple unipolar flagella, which are driven by one of the largest flagellar motors found in bacteria. These large motors presumably provide the higher torque needed by the bacterial pathogens to navigate in the viscous environment of the human stomach.

scholarly journals Colonization of C57BL/6J and BALB/c Wild-Type and Knockout Mice with Helicobacter pylori: Effect of Vaccination and Implications for Innate and Acquired Immunity

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 794-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Panthel ◽  
Gerhard Faller ◽  
Rainer Haas
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Knockout Mutants ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccination ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT The gram-negative bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease and a risk factor for gastric cancer in humans. Adapted H. pylori strains, such as strain SS1, are able to infect mice and are a useful model for gastric colonization and vaccination studies. In this study we used a streptomycin-resistant derivative of H. pylori SS1 to analyze the colonization behavior and the success of vaccination in wild-type (wt) and various knockout mice of the BALB/c and C57BL/6J genetic backgrounds. We here report that BALB/c interleukin-4 knockout (IL-4−/−) mice are weakly overcolonized compared to the wt strain but that the IL-12−/− knockout results in a strong overcolonization (500%). Unexpectedly, in the C57BL/6J background the same knockouts behaved in diametrically opposed manners. The IL-4−/− mutation caused a 50% reduction and the IL-12−/− knockout caused a 95% reduction compared to the wt colonization rate. For C57BL/6J mice we further analyzed the IL-18−/− and Toll-like receptor 2 knockout mutations, which showed reductions to 66 and 57%, respectively, whereas mice with the IL-10−/− phenotype were hardly infected at all (5%). In contrast, the tumor necrosis factor receptor knockout (p55−/− and p55/75−/−) mice showed an overcolonization compared to the C57BL/6J wt strain. With exception of the low-level infected C57BL/6J IL-10−/− and IL-12−/− knockout mice, all knockout mutants were accessible to a prophylactic vaccination and their vaccination behavior was comparable to that of the wt strains.

scholarly journals Eficacia del método de inmunocromatografía en heces para el diagnóstico de Helicobacter Pylori en pacientes con dispepsia: evaluación preliminar

Respuestas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Alonso Bayona Rojas ◽  
Andrés Julián Gutiérrez Escobar ◽  
Jeysson Fabián Sánchez Suárez ◽  
Gina Marcela Mora Camberos ◽  
Luisa Fernanda Salamanca-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
H Pylori

La infección por Helicobacter pylori se considera una de las afecciones emergentes más importantes del presente siglo, relacionándose estrechamente con las enfermedades del tracto gastroduodenal y como factor predisponente para el carcinoma gástrico. Para su diagnóstico se han empleado pruebas invasiva y no invasivas, entre estas últimas la inmunocromatografía en heces, la cual detecta cualitativamente antígenos de éste patógeno. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la eficacia de una inmunocromatografía para el diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori en pacientes dispépticos de un centro hospitalario de Cundinamarca. Se realizó un estudio preliminar para evaluar una prueba diagnóstica, tomando pacientes con historia de dispepsia y que presentaran reporte de biopsia gástrica en la historia clínica. Se evaluaron muestras de heces y por medio del rapid test SD Bio Line H. pylori Ag™, se determinó la presencia de antígenos de H. pylori en las muestras fecales. Se evaluaron un total de 33 pacientes: 48,4 % hombres y 51,5% mujeres, la sensibilidad fue de 30% y una especificidad de 84.62%. El valor predictivo positivo se calculó en 75% y el valor predictivo negativo fue de 44 %. La especificad calculada para la prueba es comparable con la encontrada en la literatura, no obstante, debido al intervalo que mostró el índice de confiabilidad haría falta más pruebas que permitan aumentar la confiabilidad de los resultados aquí mostrados.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori and Other Gastrointestinal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Jong Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
H Pylori

<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is the most prevalent bacterial pathogen that infects approximately half of the world’s population. It is well known that <i>H. pylori</i> causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. <i>H. pylori</i> can also be associated with other gastrointestinal diseases. Epidemiologic studies have reported an inverse correlation between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, the results of <i>H. pylori</i> eradication in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease were not consistent with epidemiologic studies. Many studies have reported symptomatic improvement in uninvestigated dyspepsia and functional dyspepsia (FD) following <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, suggesting that <i>H. pylori</i> is the cause of dyspepsia. Therefore, it has been suggested that <i>H. pylori</i>-associated dyspepsia should be considered an entity distinct from FD and only the patients with persistent symptoms following eradication should be considered as having FD. A majority of studies also support an association of <i>H. pylori</i> with colon neoplasms and an inverse correlation with inflammatory bowel disease. However, no association of <i>H. pylori</i> with irritable bowel syndrome has been reported.

scholarly journals ON THE POSSIBLE PARTICULARITY OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION TO GALLSTONE DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 1076-1079
Author(s):  
Serafima V. German ◽  
A. V. Modestova ◽  
I. E. Zykova ◽  
I. P. Bobrovnitsky ◽  
M. Yu. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Positive Strain ◽  
Working People ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction. Up to now, it has not been established whether Helicobacter pylori, the most common bacterial pathogen of human, is involved in cholelithiasis. Material and Methods. Based on the analysis of prophylactic medical examination of working people in the Moscow region, the determination the pyloric Helicobacter infection and assessment of the virulence of bacteria there were studied the associations of H. pylori infection and gallstones. The infection was detected by the presence of serum specific antibodies of IgG class, the virulence of the strain H. pylori - by the presence of total antibodies to the protein associated with the cytotoxic gene CagA. There was used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study included 1,487 people, 931 men and 556 women aged 21-77 years. Results. The H. pylori infection was detected in 1348 (90,6%), CagA protein in - 392 (56.2 %) cases. Gallstones were diagnosed in 72 patients, 21 men (2.3%) and 51 women (9.2%), 67 were seropositive (5% of all infected) and 5 - seronegative (3.6% uninfected). In cholelithiasis cases, the presence of CagA positive strain of H. pylori was investigated in 35 patients. A virulent strain of bacteria was detected in 26 cases (74%), much more often than in the rest examined persons. Conclusion. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of cholelithiasis in infected H. pylori and non-infected individuals. A significantly higher prevalence of infection with pathogenic strains of H. pylori in patients with gallstones was found in comparison with the whole group of examined patients, that indicates to the favor of possible involvement of H. pylori infection in this pathology. Confirmation of the role of H. pylori infection as a cumulative risk factor for the gallstones cholecystitis, as well as for other extragastral pathologies, may have an epidemiological, prophylactic, clinical application, due to its widespread prevalence. Further research is needed.

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