scholarly journals High-Risk Diabetic Maculopathy: Features and Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya G. Pandova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Maculopathy ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Individual

A substantial group of patients with diabetic macular edema in our clinical practice is at high risk for profound and irreversible vision deterioration. Early identification of modifiable factors with long-term negative impact and their management, close monitoring and timely adjustments in the treatment can significantly reduce the probability of visual disability in the individual patient. This approach can also provide important guidelines for proactive decision making in order to avoid the risk of suboptimal response and unsatisfactory outcome.

Heroic leadership illusions in football teams: Rationality, decision making and noise-signal ratio in the firing of football managers

Leadership ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ketil Arnulf ◽  
John Erik Mathisen ◽  
Thorvald Hærem
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Team Leadership ◽  
Noise Signal ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Signal Ratio ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Similar to practices in top management positions worldwide, there has been an increasing tendency in recent decades to fire football managers when the team does not perform to the stakeholders' expectations. Previous research has suggested that improvements after change of manager are a statistical artefact. Based on 12 years of data from the Norwegian Premier League, we conduct a natural experiment showing what would have taken place if the manager had not been fired. In this case, the performance might have improved just as well and even quicker. Building on theories in expertise and decision making, we explore the data and argue that decision makers may be fooled by randomness and learn wrong lessons about team leadership. Our analyses support a post-heroic view of team leadership as an emergent, output variable. Exaggerated focus on the individual manager may ruin long-term performance. Practical implications are discussed.

Resolution of warfarin-induced alopecia with conversion to apixaban

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e240579
Author(s):  
Katherine Leigh Hull ◽  
Richard Gooding ◽  
James O Burton
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dialysis Access ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Patient Reported

Warfarin is frequently prescribed as a long-term anticoagulant in patients with end-stage kidney disease as direct oral anticoagulants undergo renal excretion. Anticoagulation is a rare cause of alopecia in adults and is thought to be due to the promotion of the ‘resting phase’ of hair follicles. In this case report, a prevalent haemodialysis female patient required long-term anticoagulation following a complex pulmonary embolus and dialysis access complications. After commencing warfarin therapy, the patient reported generalised loss and thinning of her hair. All other potential causes were excluded. Cessation of warfarin therapy and conversion to apixaban with close monitoring alleviated the hair loss. Warfarin therapy is a rare cause of alopecia but should be considered in patients on long-term anticoagulation when other diagnoses have been excluded. Hair loss has a profoundly negative impact on patient quality of life and should prompt investigation to determine the underlying cause.

scholarly journals Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisors: Treatment Involves Much More Than Just Canine Guidance

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giordani Santos Silveira ◽  
José Nelson Mucha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Congenital Absence ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Canine Guidance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inform Decision Making

Objective: In this study, we aimed highlight some clinical features present in patients whose maxillary lateral incisors are missing, and proposed more logical, rational and predictable solutions to inform decision making in rehabilitation procedures. Methods: Literature review and discussion. Conclusion: Choosing the best possible treatment for congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors depends on the multidisciplinary diagnosis of facial, occlusal, functional and periodontal features. It also depends on the individual long-term stability, and it does not only rely on canine-guided disocclusion.

Stress Seeking: Selected Behavioral Characteristics of Elite Rock Climbers

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Individual

Although it has generated much theorizing (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975; Ellis, 1973; Harris, 1980; Mitchell, 1983), the phenomenon of stress-seeking behavior, as demonstrated in regular long-term involvement in the high-risk sports, has not been researched widely. In an attempt to go beyond the prevalent but simplistic "exhilaration' ' type of explanation for stress-seeking, this study examined the phenomenon in terms of the psychological characteristics associated with successful long-term involvement in the risk sport of rock climbing. Four behavioral characteristics were assessed: sensation seeking (SS), defined as "the need for varied, novel and complex sensations and experiences and the willingness to undertake physical and social risks for the sake of such experiences" (Zuckerman, 1979, p. 10); trait anxiety (TA), which refers to relatively stable individual differences in anxiety proneness (Spielberger, Gorsuch, & Lushene, 1970); need for achievement (NAch), which relates to the determinants of direction, magnitude, and persistence of behavior when the individual knows that his or her performance will be evaluated (Atkinson, 1964); and affiliation (AFF), which refers to the tendency to seek out, attain, and maintain a social bond with other people (Alderman, 1974).

Effect of Long-Term Treatment on Personality Change of High-Risk Alcoholics

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Nelson ◽  
Helmut Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Recidivism Rate ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Individual

The Differential Personality Inventory was administered 6 wk. after admission to 40 male high-risk alcoholics. Participants in a long-term special treatment program were characterized by a high recidivism rate. Retests were obtained 16 wk. later and Ss scored significantly lower on 5 of the 27 clinical scales. The reliability coefficient of the individual scales ranged from 0.57 to 0.92. Data show that high-risk alcoholics change relatively little over a 16-wk. period. It was suggested that certain alcoholics needed long-term treatment because they repeatedly failed to respond to treatment and were unable to control their drinking. It was also hypothesized that repeated, uncontrolled drinking might be due to a lack of social stability.

Maintaining Resilience in Times of Crisis: Insights From High-Reliability Organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany M. Bisbey ◽  
Molly P. Kilcullen ◽  
Eduardo Salas
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
High Reliability Organizations ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
The Individual

In the tumultuous and unprecedented times of the 21st century, resilience is more important than ever for organizational success. High-reliability organizations (HROs) are known for their ability to operate effectively in high-risk contexts by preventing avoidable crises and maintaining resilience when challenges arise. In the psychology literature, resilience is the phenomenon of overcoming adversity with minimal negative impact to performance and well-being. Although the study of psychological resilience began at the individual level, researchers are beginning to adopt a multilevel perspective of the construct that accounts for resilience at the team and organizational levels. While the science of HROs has been studied for several decades, research on psychological resilience in the workplace has only just begun to flourish by comparison. There are many lessons for creating and maintaining resilience that can be learned from the successful practice of HROs. HROs have systems of layered defenses in place that allow the organization to prevent precluded events and overcome the potential negative impact of adverse conditions and near misses. Organizations that conduct work in high-risk contexts may be able to model the success of HROs by keeping learning foremost, investing time and resources into team training, supporting a climate of psychological safety, coaching employees to keep performance objectives in focus, and practicing systems thinking and accounting for complexity in resource allocation. Maintaining resilience is not a duty outlined in a formal job description, yet it is undoubtedly important for enabling effective high-risk work. Going above and beyond the formal definition of roles may be the only route to effectiveness in these organizations.

scholarly journals Real-Life Self-Control is Predicted by Parietal Activity During Preference Decision Making: A Brain Decoding Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Martin Krönke ◽  
Holger Mohr ◽  
Max Wolff ◽  
Anja Kräplin ◽  
Michael N. Smolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Brain Decoding ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Individual

AbstractDespite its relevance for health and education, the neurocognitive mechanism of real-life self-control is largely unknown. While recent research revealed a prominent role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the computation of an integrative value signal, the contribution and relevance of other brain regions for real-life self-control remains unclear. To investigate neural correlates of decisions in line with long-term consequences and to assess the potential of brain decoding methods for the individual prediction of real-life self-control, we combined functional magnetic resonance imaging during preference decision making with ecological momentary assessment of daily self-control in a large community sample (N = 266). Decisions in line with long-term consequences were associated with increased activity in bilateral angular gyrus and precuneus, regions involved in different forms of perspective taking, such as imagining one’s own future and the perspective of others. Applying multivariate pattern analysis to the same clusters revealed that individual patterns of activity predicted the probability of real-life self-control. Brain activations are discussed in relation to episodic future thinking and mentalizing as potential mechanisms mediating real-life self-control.

scholarly journals Kcentra® (Prothrombin Complex Concentrate [Human]): Its indications, side effects, and contraindications

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Amr Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Invasive Procedures

Patients with a high risk for thromboembolic events can be on long-term warfarin. Thesepatients need close monitoring of their INR and for signs of bleeding. Conventionally, freshfrozen plasma (FFP) is used for reversal of INR in patients with major bleeding or who needurgent surgery or invasive procedures. Kcentra is now available as an alternative to FFP forrapid reversal of INR and urgent hemostasis.

scholarly journals Self-Neglect: A Hidden Killer

2012 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Mary Rose Day
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Systems Failure

Self-Neglect (SN) can be defined as: This definition is holistic and captures the intentional and choice factors as well as socio-cultural influence of the behaviour and the potential negative impact of SN for the individual, their family and community. A key component of assessment by professionals is the individual’s decision making capacity and ability to understand the consequences of their actions. Occasionally, distorted images and headlines appear in the media such as “A Systems Failure: Pensioner found dead due to Self-Neglect”. There is a general outcry of public rage but the media are not interested in understanding why the vulnerable but competent adult who was self-neglecting is not rescued. A social media heading like this is a nightmare for professionals and services. A range of interrelated factors contribute to health inequalities of older people such as socio-economic and material factors, psychosocial factors and lifestyle factors. Many of these are risk ...

scholarly journals Transport costs and their impact on the expansion of cities and agglomerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Miloš Poliak ◽  
◽  
Juraj Hammer ◽  
Peter Medviď ◽  
Kristián Čulík
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
The Individual

Costs as a component that represents the decision-making factor for each individual or company, we are meet every day. This article focuses on transport costs that have an impact on urban sprawl, reverting to the source of the individual's transportation target and changing the choice of transfer decision-making with respect to transport costs. Habits how to move from one place to another, in greatly affects the means of transport used by the individual. It is this factor, how to positively influence a passenger to replace individual car traffic for another mode of transport by means of transport costs this article will be dealt with. The degree of automotive has a rising character over the year. It is precisely a tool for helping to partially eliminate the negative impact of individual car traffic on society and city expanses are transport costs.

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