Power, Cohesion, and Structure in Healthy Families and Families with Chronic Psychiatric Patients: A Comparative Study

Background: The hierarchy of power, dynamic of cohesion, and family structure might be affected in families with psychiatric patients. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the power, cohesion, and structure of healthy families and families with psychiatric patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shiraz in 2018. Participants were 322 people from healthy families and families with schizophrenic, depressive, or bipolar disordered patients that were compared in terms of cohesion and hierarchy of power. Participants were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Family System Test, a clinically-derived figure placement technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS-19 with Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in terms of power between the families of healthy people and the families of patients with psychiatric disorders (P > 0.05). The family of patients with major depression had less cohesion (8.57 ± 2.2) than had the family of healthy ones (P =0.01). The structure of healthy families was more significantly balanced than that of other groups (P = 0.008). Conclusions: The results indicated that the power, cohesion, and structure of families can be affected by members with psychiatric disorders. Mental health care providers should take into account the mental health of families of psychiatric patients.

Download Full-text

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Mental Health among Geriatric Population Living in Care Homes and Those Living with Family in Hadoti Region, Rajasthan

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/458 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (28) ◽

pp. 2472-2477

Author(s):

Swapnil Agrawal ◽

Aftab Ahmed Khan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Elderly People ◽

Old Age ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Care Homes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND With recent advancement in health facility, both in urban and rural population, ratio of elderly people has increased and due to this apart from physical illness, mental health is also emerged as an important public health challenge. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and substance use disorders were commonly found in elderly specially living alone and in care homes. The primary purpose of this study was to compare mental health of elderly people living in care homes with those living with family in Kota (Hadoti region, Rajasthan). METHODS This is a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out in 50 elderly people living in care homes and 50 elderly people living with family. Both groups were screened for psychiatric disorders using general health questionnaire (GHQ – 12). Comparison was made under various headings between these groups including severity. Obtained data were analysed by using proportion, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in having psychiatric disorders on screening with GHQ - 12. Difference in these groups for prevalence and severity was not statistically significant for depression and anxiety although significant higher mean of total geriatric depression score (GDS) score in control (10.74 ± 2.56) than in cases (9.38 ± 2.36) and total Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM – A) score was seen in case group (24.53 ± 3.50) than in controls (23.15 ± 2.34). CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found out that psychiatry morbidity was higher among elderly population living in old age home when compared to elders living with family in community. Possible reason for higher psychiatric morbidity in old age home group in our study appears to be because of lack of family support, pain of being separated from their children whom they cared and nurtured for their whole life. In psychiatric morbidity we found that depression was the most common disorder in elderly population in both groups. KEYWORDS Old Age Home, Mental Disorders, Depression, Anxiety

Download Full-text

Residential transience among US adolescents: association with depression and mental health treatment

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences ◽

10.1017/s2045796018000823 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 682-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Glasheen ◽

V. Forman-Hoffman ◽

S. Hedden ◽

T. Ridenour ◽

J. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Care Providers ◽

Health Treatment ◽

The Past ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

To Receive

AbstractAimsResidential instability, including transience (i.e. unusually frequent mobility), is associated with higher risk for emotional and behavioural problems in children and young adults. However, most studies have not compared the effect of recent v. more distal moves on mental health or on mental health treatment. This study examined associations between recent (past year) and distal (past 2–4 years) residential transience and past year major depressive episode (MDE) and mental health treatment in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents aged 12–17.MethodsData are from the 2010–2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (n = ~107 300 adolescents). T-tests were used to examine the prevalence of MDE by number of moves in the past 5 years among a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the adjusted association between recent (⩾2 moves in the past year) and distal (⩾4 moves in the past 5 years, but no recent transience) and (1) past year MDE and (2) past year mental health treatment among adolescents with MDE.ResultsMDE prevalence increased linearly with number of moves in the past 5 years (p < 0.001). The adjusted odds of MDE were greater among youths with distal transience (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.44) and among those with proximal transience (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.17–1.46), compared with those without transience in the past 5 years. The MDE prevalence did not differ between those with distal and proximal transience (p = 0.163). In youths with past year MDE, the prevalence of past year mental health treatment was greater among those with proximal transience compared with those without transience (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.15–1.70), but there was no significant difference in treatment among those with distal v. no transience.ConclusionsDistal and recent transience are associated with past year MDE among adolescents. Adolescents with MDE who had recent transience were more likely to receive past year mental health treatment compared with those without transience. However, those with only distal transience were not more likely to receive treatment. Parents, school officials and health care providers should be aware that residential mobility in the past 5 years may indicate increased odds of depression among adolescents even among adolescents whose housing stability has improved in the past year.

Download Full-text

Cannabis Use for Medicinal Purposes among Canadian University Students

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743718818420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 351-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Smith ◽

Joel Mader ◽

Andrew C. H. Szeto ◽

Amelia M. Arria ◽

Ken C. Winters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

University Students ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Health Condition ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Care Providers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medicinal Cannabis

Objective: The study sought to describe a Canadian sample of university students’ medicinal use of cannabis, including prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and replacement of traditional treatments with cannabis. Method: A random sample of 4000 university students was asked to complete a cross-sectional web-based survey. The survey was completed by 2212 (average age 23.2 years, SD = 5.2 years), representing a 55.3% response rate. To be eligible, students had to be enrolled in a class on campus and were 18 years or older. Result: Half (52%) of respondents used cannabis at least once in their lifetime, with ∼11% reporting medicinal cannabis use. Recreational motives to use cannabis were common among medicinal users (85%), several (38%) replaced traditional medication with cannabis, and more than a third received authorization by a health care provider. Of the medicinal users, 13.6% met the criteria for CUD. Common ailments for medicinal cannabis use were anxiety, sleep problems, depression, and pain. When mental health–related categories are combined, 78.2% of medicinal users used for at least 1 mental health condition. Conclusions: Medicinal cannabis use occurs among university students. None of the ailments listed by medicinal users meet the Canadian Family Physicians prescribing guidelines, and most are not among those viewed by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine as having strong evidence for therapeutic value. The results raise concerns for health care providers who are authorizing or counselling patients’ considering medicinal cannabis.

Download Full-text

Educational Skills Evaluation among Health Care Providers (Behvarzan) in Educating of Clients Who Referred to the Health Care Homes

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n1p112 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Eshagh Ildarabadi ◽

Hamed Mortazavi ◽

Ali Talebi ◽

Toktam Kianian ◽

Saman Saber

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Study Data ◽

Internet Usage ◽

Care Providers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Care Givers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Health Homes

INTRODUCTION: Health care providers (Behvarzan) are the primary health care givers and their educational skills are an important factor to offer safe health care and promote the public health. So that this study was conducted to evaluate the educational skills among health care providers in educating the referrals to health homes.METHODS: This cross-sectional was conducted in health homes of Esfarayen health care network in 2015. By the method of enumeration 81 health care providers were included to the study. Data was collected by the questionnaire of evaluating the educational skills of Behvarz(s) designed by the researcher. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and analytical tests such as Pearson's correlation, independent T-test and ANOVA by the SPSS v.20.RESULTS: The results of this study had shown that 45.7% of subjects had good educational skills. Also the statistical calculation showed a significant difference between some variables such as internet usage (p=0.008) and internet usage in workplace (p=0.001) with Behvarz(s) educational skills.CONCLUSION: The educational skills of Behvarz(s) working in health homes was satisfactory. A significant relation was found between educational skills and some other factors. So then planning for upgrading the educational skills of Behvarz(s) and conducting much more studies to find effective factors on educational skills is recommended.

Download Full-text

Assessment of knowledge about Tetanus Diphtheria vaccination of patients with trauma among medical interns: an analytical cross sectional study

Journal of Research in Clinical Medicine ◽

10.34172/jrcm.2021.025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 25-25

Author(s):

Parham Maroufi ◽

Jafar Ghobadi ◽

Mina Mojarrad ◽

Ali Adib

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Care Providers ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tetanus Vaccination ◽

Medical Interns ◽

And Gender

Introduction: Considering the importance of tetanus vaccination in children and adults, recognizing the necessities and priorities of tetanus vaccine injection is essential for health care providers. Medical interns have a crucial role in treating patients at hospitals and as future physicians. This study aims to evaluate Tabriz University of Medical Sciences medical interns' knowledge about tetanus vaccination in patients with trauma. Methods: All interns of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences enrolled in the study. Interns who did not want to participate in the study and those on-call were excluded from the study. Eventually, 250 interns gathered in a conference hall, and a questionnaire of 10 questions was presented to them as a hypothetical traumatic event. Correct and incorrect answers to each question, age, and gender were analyzed. Results: Only in three questions, more than half of the participants answered correctly. These were questions 10, 1, and 2, with 67.2%, 59.2%, and 50.8% of participants answering them correctly, respectively. Also, in 5 questions, less than 20% answered correctly. The maximum overall score was 7. Analysis of these results between the two sexes did not show a significant difference in the number of correct answers and the percentage response to each question. Additionally, age was not indicated as a variable involved in the total score of the participants. Conclusion: Regardless of the age and gender, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences’ medical interns’ knowledge about the precise indications of tetanus prevention in adults and children is poor.

Download Full-text

The Use of Mobile Apps to Improve Diabetes Self-Management: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.34844 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Satoshi Inagaki ◽

Kenji Kato ◽

Kozue Abe ◽

Takeshi Kawamoto ◽

Hiroaki Takahashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

The Self ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Self Management ◽

Care Providers ◽

Management Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Management Behaviors

BACKGROUND Background: Healthcare apps on smartphones are used to retrieve health information and manage health. A number of healthcare apps have been employed to support diabetes self-management, and evidence has accumulated on the outcomes of interventions using individual apps. However, only a small percentage of all healthcare apps have a proven effect on people with diabetes, and it is unclear which apps should be recommended in non-English-speaking countries. Verifying that the healthcare apps used by people with diabetes are useful for diabetes management behaviors will help healthcare providers know which apps to recommend. OBJECTIVE Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify whether and how the use of healthcare apps affects the self-management behavior of people with diabetes. METHODS Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was given to patients with type 2 diabetes who were pre-registered with an Internet research company. The items on the questionnaire involved the use of smartphone healthcare apps, diabetes self-management behaviors (Japan Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities [J-SDSCA]), motivations for diabetes self-management (autonomous motivation and controlled motivation), and feelings of competence in self-management (Perceived Competence for Diabetes Scale). To examine whether a healthcare app had an effect on the self-management behavior score, a multiple regression analysis was conducted with the J-SDSCA score as the objective variable. RESULTS Results: Of the 253 participants, 61 (24.1%) indicated that they were currently using a healthcare app. Those using a healthcare app had a significantly higher J-SDSCA score than those not using one (beta =.15, 95% CI 0.60–3.54, P <.001). Regarding the frequency of exercise, the use of apps for steps and walking distance led to a significant difference (beta =.22, 95% CI 0.59–1.90, P <.001). For general diet, the use of any healthcare app had no significant effect (P =.22). CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: The use of healthcare apps was beneficial for diabetes self-management. Given that even non-specialized apps can improve diabetes self-management behaviors, health care providers should encourage patients to use apps that are tailored to their preferences and that are easy to use long-term. The use of healthcare apps was particularly associated with increased exercise regimen efforts. Recommending the use of healthcare apps, especially apps that include pedometers, could be useful when patients have problems with exercise.

Download Full-text

Burden and resilience in caregivers of patients on maintenance haemodialysis

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194586 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4033

Author(s):

Jomon Joy ◽

Hussain Khan T. J. ◽

Pretty M. Abraham ◽

Sreedas Gopalakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Caregiver Burden ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Medical Procedure ◽

Care Providers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

The Family

Background: Chronic renal failure is one among the chronic illness which due to persistence of the disease has various effects on the physiological, psychological and functional ability of the patient and his family. Although haemodialysis has become a highly safe medical procedure that significantly extended life of such patients, it is nevertheless a stressful and lengthy treatment process. The task of personal life care for such patients falls primarily on the family members. The caregiver is expected to aid in patient’s daily life activities resulting in increased physical and emotional burden. With the considerable level of burden involved the concept of resilience thus become crucial as they could function as protective factors. The current study aims to assess the level of caregiver burden and resilience in caregivers of haemodialysis patients.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was done in 120 caregivers of patients diagnosed as having ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis. Zarit Burden Interview was used for assessing caregiver’s burden. Brief Resilience Scale was used to assess caregiver’s resilience.Results: 35.8% of caregivers had severe caregiver burden while looking after dialysis patients while 45% of caregivers had moderate burden. Caregivers showed low resilience about 72.5% which displays poor problem solving and emotion-focused coping strategies.Conclusions: The study shows that more than 80% of caregivers suffered from moderate to severe burden and poor resilience among them would be a contributing factor. The study also shows that female caregivers were most affected. The burden was significantly higher in caregivers as the years spent on caregiving increased and more hours spent per day looking after the patients. Health-care providers need to address these concerns based on both patient- and caregiver-focused approaches, rather than only patient focused.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Social Media Exposure on the Mental Health of Individuals with Disabilities during the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic

Journal of Educational and Social Research ◽

10.36941/jesr-2021-0086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Rasheed Khuwayshan Algethami ◽

Turki Mahdi Alqarni ◽

Fahmi Mustafa Albakour

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Media ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Media Exposure ◽

Care Providers ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individuals With Disabilities ◽

Epidemic Period

The purpose of this study is to examine the mental health problems and social media exposure for individuals with disabilities, as well as explore whether this exposure could impact their mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic period. A hundred and twenty individuals with disabilities participated in this cross-sectional study, conducted in Taif, Saudi Arabia. We used an online questionnaire built through the translation of two scales, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 " GAD-7" and CES-D-10 scale assessing depression. The findings of this study underlined important messages for individuals with disabilities. First finding revealed that individuals with disabilities were almost half a day anxious, depressed, and frequently exposed to social media. Also, the information spread on social media had a significant effect on their anxiety level, but no significant effect was found on their depression level. Practical recommendations were highlighted to benefit these individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic period. We should use clear and accessible languages and health messages with individuals with disabilities. Health care providers should be exposed to an awareness program to reduce the racisms towards those individuals. Received: 8 March 2021 / Accepted: 23 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

Download Full-text

BURDEN OF FAMILY CAREGIVER

Belitung Nursing Journal ◽

10.33546/bnj.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 10-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Faida Annisa

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Family Caregiver ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Care Providers ◽

Community Based ◽

The Family

Shifting from hospital-based care to community-based care involves the family as advanced caregivers to the patients with Schizophrenia at their home. Yet, they have need of knowledge and skill in caring the patients as well as support from health care providers and society. Family caregivers should be well-prepared to take care the patients with Schizophrenia at home since it gets some negative consequences on their physical, psychological, social, and financial. Nurse need to assess the factors that might influence the family caregivers to felling burden, and include the family caregivers into nursing care in which would not only to improve the patients’ mental health but the family caregivers as well.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and risk factors of perceived stress on COVID-19 among health care providers in Dilla Town Health institutions, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23476/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yigrem Ali Chekole ◽

Solomon Yimer ◽

Birhanie Mekuriaw ◽

Semagn Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The Coronavirus belongs to large groups of viruses that cause serious health problems including the mental health of the society particularly the health care providers. Understanding the mental health response after a public health emergency might help health care providers and communities to prepare for a population's response to a disaster.Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude of perceived stress and risk factors of coronaviruses disease 2019 among healthcare providers in Dilla, Southern Ethiopia 2020.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 244 samples selected with systematic random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out with validated perceived stress scale adapted from the World health organization. Data were coded and entered into Epi-info Version 7 and was exported and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Crude and adjusted OR were analyzed using logistic regression and the level of significance of association was determined at P-value <0.05.Result: The magnitude of perceived stress of coronavirus disease 2019 among participants was 126 (51.6%). Being at the age range of 25-31 years (AOR=2.5, 95%CI, 1.07, 5.90), nurse professionals (AOR= 7.8, 95%CI 2.15, 27.98) and pharmacist professionals (AOR=4.15, 95%CI, 1.01, 17.06) were variables found to have a strongly statistically significant association with perceived stress of Coronaviruses disease.Conclusion: this indicates that early prevention, early identification and intervention of perceived stress of coronaviruses disease among healthcare providers. Particularly, more stress for the frontline healthcare worker nurses, pharmacists and age ranges of 25-31 years.

Download Full-text