The Cotswolds in Jerusalem

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Goldhill
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Cultural Conflict ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Garden City ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Imperial Governance ◽  
The City

This chapter investigates the city-planning of Jerusalem under the British Mandate in light of changes of thinking about the urban in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In particular, it explores how Charles Ashbee, the first civic adviser, could enact his Garden City and Arts and Crafts principles, developed twenty-five years earlier, because of the specific conditions of imperial governance. The privileging of the medieval city, in contrast to the contemporary — a principle deeply indebted to artistic ideals of a previous generation — deeply influenced decisions of what to restore, destroy, or preserve. The chapter discusses how religion, empire, and urban planning interlock in a key site of cultural conflict.

scholarly journals Ebenezer Howard’s garden cities

Sociologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andjelka Mirkov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the analysis of the garden city concept and its practical contribution to urban planning in the twentieth century. First, Ebenezer Howard?s theoretical views on the city are analyzed, followed by examples illustrating the application of his ideas in England, USA, Russia and Serbia. The purpose is to show how garden cities varied depending on different social contexts.

Breeding Better Babies in the Eugenic Garden City: ‘Municipal Darwinism’ and the (Anti)Cosmopolitan Utopia in the early Twentieth Century

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Currell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Garden City ◽  
New Town ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
National Body ◽  
Practical Level ◽  
The Way

Showing how ‘modernist cosmopolitanism’ coexisted with an anti-cosmopolitan municipal control this essay looks at the way utopian ideals about breeding better humans entered into new town and city planning in the early twentieth century. An experiment in eugenic garden city planning which took place in Strasbourg, France, in the 1920s provided a model for modern planning that was keenly observed by the international eugenics movement as well as city planners. The comparative approach taken in this essay shows that while core beliefs about degeneration and the importance of eugenics to improve the national ‘body’ were often transnational and cosmopolitan, attempts to implement eugenic beliefs on a practical level were shaped by national and regional circumstances that were on many levels anti-cosmopolitan. As a way of assuaging the tensions between the local and the global, as well as the traditional with the modern, this unique and now forgotten experiment in eugenic city planning aimed to show that both preservation and progress could succeed at the same time.

Lewis Mumford

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Leonidas Donskis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Henry David Thoreau ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
American Romanticism ◽  
Great Tradition ◽  
Lewis Mumford ◽  
The City

Lewis Mumford's discursive map, uncovering the trajectories of modem consciousness and Western social philosophy, dates back to Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and the great tradition of American Romanticism However, Mumford's discursive map of the idea of the city cannot be reduced to architecture and city planning alone. His world of ideas draws on such thinkers and concepts as Ebenezer Howard's Garden City, Benton MacKaye's Eutopian ideas, Patrick Geddes' regional planning, and Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture (Broadacre City), anticipated by Louis Henri Sullivan. Mumford's theoretical constructions also reflect the worldviews of Simmel, Tönnies, Spengler, and Toynbee, as well as other influential social theories of the last two centuries, Mumford was apparently the first among twentieth-century intellectuals to grasp that human creation, interaction, self-fulfillment, and the search for perfectibility all take place in the city.

scholarly journals Nueva York 1916. La ciudad sin límites | New York 1916. Unlimited city

ZARCH ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
José Durán Fernández
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
York City ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

La Ciudad de Nueva York fue pionera en la aplicación de un sistema de planificación de control urbano que pusiera orden y concierto a una ciudad que rebasa los 5 millones de habitantes a principios del siglo XX. Tal complejo organismo urbano, inédito hasta ese momento, fue objeto del más ambicioso plan urbano sobre una ciudad construida.Este artículo se destina al estudio de este originario plan urbano de 1916, el cual sentaría las bases, unas ciertamente visionarias otras excesivas, de la construcción de la Ciudad de Nueva York en todo el siglo XX. La Building Zone Resolution se creó con dos fines: resolver los problemas de congestión humana en un espacio reducido, la ciudad del presente, y proponer una visión del espacio urbano en las décadas venideras, la ciudad del futuro.El artículo es un compendio de diez textos cortos y un epílogo, que junto a sus respectivos diez documentos gráficos, construyen el corpus de la investigación. El lector pues se enfrenta a un ensayo gráfico formado por pequeños capítulos que le sumergirán en los orígenes de la primera ciudad vertical de la historia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Nueva York; Planeamiento; Visión urbana.The city of New York was a pioneer in the implementation of an urban control planning system that set in order a city that exceeds five million people in the early twentieth century. Such complex urban organism – invaluable until that moment – was the target for the most ambitious urban planning on a built city.This paper focuses on the study of this initial urban planning from 1916, which would set the basis, certainly some visionary yet others excessive, for the building of New York City throughout the 20th century. The Building Zone Resolution was created with two purposes: to solve the issues related to the human bundle in a limited space, the city of the present, and to aim a vision of the urban space in the forthcoming decades, the city of the future.The article is a compendium of ten short texts and one epilogue, which in combination with ten graphic documents, frame the corpus of this investigation. Thus, the reader will face a graphic essay composed by a series of brief chapters that highlight the beginning of the first vertical city in history.KEYWORDS: New York; Planning; Urban vision.

Volksconcerte in Vienna and Late Nineteenth-Century Ideology of the Symphony

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 421-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Notley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The People ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The City

Late nineteenth-century journalistic criticism in Vienna offers many precedents for Paul Bekker's interpretation of the symphony. Beethoven's symphonies provided the model for an aesthetics of the genre-couched in metaphors connecting it to "the people"-that motivated the reception of works by Brahms and Bruckner. Activists who wished to inaugurate symphonic Volksconcerte in the city took the figurative utopian function of the genre literally. Though their efforts were confounded not only by institutionalized elitism but also by the preferences of the Viennese Volk for other kinds of music, their work bore fruit in the early twentieth century with the founding of the Wiener Konzertverein and the Arbeiter-Symphonie-Konzerte.

Carceral Matters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashad Shabazz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Masculinity ◽  
Street Gangs ◽  
South Side ◽  
Black Migration ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This book explores the intersection of race, gender, sex, and geography in Chicago. It examines the relationship between people and place, as well as the geographic lessons Black Chicagoans learned during the twentieth century and the role housing and architecture, politicians and police played in those lessons. Through an analysis of interracial sex districts, cramped apartments, project housing, street gangs, urban planning, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Chicago, the book reveals the workings of spatialized blackness in Chicago. It argues that policing, surveillance, and architectures of confinement were used to “spatialize blackness” in the city, with racialized and gendered consequences for Black people, especially on the South Side. The book also considers how parts of Chicago's South Side were confronted with daily forms of prison or carceral power that effectively prisonized the landscape. The effects of carceral power on Black masculinity are discussed, from its entrance into Black Chicago from the first leg of the Great Black Migration to the end of the twentieth century. This introduction provides an overview of the chapters that follow.

Rethinking the Twentieth-Century History of Mumbai

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1435-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS E. HAYNES
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social History ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

AbstractThis review examines three major books on the history of Bombay. Historians of the city have tended to focus primarily on the period before 1930; this tendency has seriously limited our understanding of the dramatic transformations that have taken place in Bombay over the course of the twentieth century. Each of the studies reviewed here devotes considerable attention to developments since the 1920s. Collectively these works make a significant contribution to the appreciation of such matters as working-class politics, the changing character of workers’ neighbourhoods, land use, urban planning, and the ways the city has been imagined and experienced by its citizens. At the same time, these works all shift their analytic frameworks as they approach more contemporary periods and this restricts the authors' ability to assess fully the character of urban change. This paper calls upon historians to continue to apply the tools of social history, particularly its reliance on close microcosmic studies of particular places and groups over long periods of time, as they try to bridge the gap between the early twentieth century and the later twentieth century. At the same time, it suggests that historians need to consider Gyan Prakash's view of cities as ‘patched-up societies’ whose entirety cannot be understood through single, linear models of change.

Comparative Research on Evolution Process of Urban Planning of Songyuan City

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 501-506
Author(s):  
Jing Lv ◽  
Yan Zong
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Development Process ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Evolution Process ◽  
City Development ◽  
Land Use Structure ◽  
The City

In the process of city development and construction, an oriented urban planning can reasonably determine the direction of the development,the population and land use structure of the city,in order to make overall arrangements and coordinate all aspects of the contradictions. Urban planning has become a necessary part in the development of the city. This paper summarizes the overall plannings of the city of Songyuan over the years, so that readers can clearly grasp the Songyuan city planning and development process and get some enlightenment.

scholarly journals La actuación sobre el medio urbano de regeneración y renovación integrada. El nuevo paradigma de la gestión urbanística en suelo urbanizado = The integrated regeneration and renovation in the urban intervention. The new paradigm of city planning management

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cerezo Ibarrondo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
City Planning ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Urban Intervention ◽  
Urban Preservation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Property ◽  
The City

ResumenLa actuación sobre el medio urbano de regeneración y renovación integrada (aMU-RRi) configura el nuevo paradigma de la intervención urbana, la preservación urbana con carácter conjunto e integrado. Para ello redefine la viabilidad económica, afecta el deber de conservación del derecho de propiedad a la actuación y articula un modelo de equidistribución de reparto de costes que supera las pautas del urbanismo que hemos conocido.El presente artículo constituye un breve recorrido histórico por los instrumentos y técnicas que ha dispuesto el urbanismo español para la preservación urbana: desde inviable e insostenible modelo clásico del urbanismo, pasando por el modelo de la sostenibilidad que incorporó la sostenibilidad plena y el régimen estatutario del derecho de propiedad, pero que estableció un régimen general de intervención sobre el suelo urbanizado inviable y dejó un hueco falto de regulación para la preservación de la ciudad; para alcanzar la definición de la aMU-RRi con la legislación del modelo por la ciudad y sus adaptaciones autonómicas de medio urbano y que ayudará a la formación del nuevo paradigma urbanístico, basado en la función social del derecho de propiedad que nos hemos dado para la preservación urbana conjunta e integrada de eso que llamamos, la ciudad.AbstractThe integrated urban regeneration and renewal intervention (aMU-RRi) configures the new paradigm of urban intervention, with its joint and integrated character for urban preservation. To this end, it redefines the economic viability, affects the duty of preservation of the right of property and articulates a model of equistribution of distribution of costs that surpasses the urban planning guidelines that we have known.This paper constitutes a brief historical journey through the instruments and techniques that Spanish urban planning has provided for urban preservation: from an unviable and unsustainable classic urban planning model, through the sustainability model that it incorporated full sustainability and the statutory property rights regime, but that established an unviable general intervention regime in the existing city areas and also left a gap due to the lack of regulation for the preservation of the city; and finally up to the definition of the aMU-RRi with city preserving legislation and its regional adaptations and that will help the formation of the new urban paradigm, based on the social function of property rights that we have been given for the joint and integrated urban preservation of what we call, the city.

scholarly journals O urbanismo no Recife: entre idéias e representações

2000 ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgínia Pitta Pontual
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

A pretensão é polemizar sobre o entendimento de modernização como processo cumulativo e complementar de idéias e afirmar o de atualização e diferenciação das regras e preceitos urbanísticos, de modo a assegurar o ordenamento citadino, assim como discutir a permanência dessas regras na atualidade; ou melhor, o paradoxo entre continuar afirmando o saber urbanístico, fundado nas teorias da modernidade, e prescindir desse saber, dada a inexistência de um outro modo de promover o ordenamento e o controle da cidade. O caminho adotado foi o de reconstituir as idéias dos urbanistas, objetivadas nos planos urbanísticos elaborados nos anos 30 e 50 no Recife. Nos anos 30, os planos urbanísticos introduziram, principalmente, os preceitos dos Ciams, cujos autores foram Domingos Ferreira (1927), Nestor de Figueiredo (1932), Atílio Corrêa Lima (1936) e Ulhôa Cintra (1943). Nos anos 50, as idéias propugnadas traduziram, entre outros, os preceitos do Movimento de Economia e Humanismo, apresentados no estudo de Lebret (1954) e nas diretrizes de Baltar (1951). A escrita de tal narrativa compara esses planos explicitando as diferentes concepções e representações do Recife e coloca em discussão a permanência desses saberes em relação à emergência de outros na atualidade.Palavras-chave: história; modernização; saber; urbanismo; representações. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss the understanding of modernization as a cumulative and complementary process of ideas. To this end, we introduce the notion of the actualization and differentiation of city planning norms and rules as a way of assuring the ordering of the city. We also discuss the maintenance of these rules at the present time and the paradox between the continuity of current urban knowledge founded in the theories of modernity and the abandonment of that knowledge in favour of alternative ways of promoting the ordering and control of the city. The way chosen was that of reconstructing the ideas set out in the urban plans drawn up in Recife in the 30s and 50s. In the thirties, urban planning principally introduced the ideas of Ciams, whose authors were Domingos Ferreira (1927), Nestor de Figueiredo (1932), Atílio Corrêa Lima (1936) and Ulhôa Cintra (1943). In the fifties, urban planning translated, among other things, the norms of the Economy and Humanism Movement that are presented in the study of Lebret (1954) and in the proposals of Baltar (1951). The paper compares these plans, explaining the different concepts and representations of Recife and its localities and discussing how this knowledge has survived the emergence of new concepts.Keywords: history; modernization; knowledge; city planning; representation. 

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