scholarly journals Ebenezer Howard’s garden cities

Sociologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andjelka Mirkov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the analysis of the garden city concept and its practical contribution to urban planning in the twentieth century. First, Ebenezer Howard?s theoretical views on the city are analyzed, followed by examples illustrating the application of his ideas in England, USA, Russia and Serbia. The purpose is to show how garden cities varied depending on different social contexts.

The Cotswolds in Jerusalem

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Goldhill
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Cultural Conflict ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Garden City ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Imperial Governance ◽  
The City

This chapter investigates the city-planning of Jerusalem under the British Mandate in light of changes of thinking about the urban in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In particular, it explores how Charles Ashbee, the first civic adviser, could enact his Garden City and Arts and Crafts principles, developed twenty-five years earlier, because of the specific conditions of imperial governance. The privileging of the medieval city, in contrast to the contemporary — a principle deeply indebted to artistic ideals of a previous generation — deeply influenced decisions of what to restore, destroy, or preserve. The chapter discusses how religion, empire, and urban planning interlock in a key site of cultural conflict.

scholarly journals The Victorian city and the Christian imagination: from gothic city to garden city

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Frances Knight
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The City

Abstract This article discusses some of the ways in which ideas about the city influenced the thinking of British Christians from 1840 to the early twentieth century. First, it explores nonconformist conceptions of the city, suggesting that, although the urban environment offered favourable circumstances for nonconformist growth, a desire to return to, or incorporate elements of, rural life was rarely far away. It explores why, when the garden city movement began, it found such fertile soil among Christian thinkers. Secondly, it considers some of the biblical paradigms that shaped late Victorian thinking about the city. Preachers and writers moved seamlessly from their well-stocked religious imaginations to contemplating the practicalities of the city, and back again. It is argued that the Christian evocation of medieval cities, biblical cities and garden cities shaped in important ways the conceptualizations of the urban world.

scholarly journals Nueva York 1916. La ciudad sin límites | New York 1916. Unlimited city

ZARCH ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
José Durán Fernández
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
York City ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

La Ciudad de Nueva York fue pionera en la aplicación de un sistema de planificación de control urbano que pusiera orden y concierto a una ciudad que rebasa los 5 millones de habitantes a principios del siglo XX. Tal complejo organismo urbano, inédito hasta ese momento, fue objeto del más ambicioso plan urbano sobre una ciudad construida.Este artículo se destina al estudio de este originario plan urbano de 1916, el cual sentaría las bases, unas ciertamente visionarias otras excesivas, de la construcción de la Ciudad de Nueva York en todo el siglo XX. La Building Zone Resolution se creó con dos fines: resolver los problemas de congestión humana en un espacio reducido, la ciudad del presente, y proponer una visión del espacio urbano en las décadas venideras, la ciudad del futuro.El artículo es un compendio de diez textos cortos y un epílogo, que junto a sus respectivos diez documentos gráficos, construyen el corpus de la investigación. El lector pues se enfrenta a un ensayo gráfico formado por pequeños capítulos que le sumergirán en los orígenes de la primera ciudad vertical de la historia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Nueva York; Planeamiento; Visión urbana.The city of New York was a pioneer in the implementation of an urban control planning system that set in order a city that exceeds five million people in the early twentieth century. Such complex urban organism – invaluable until that moment – was the target for the most ambitious urban planning on a built city.This paper focuses on the study of this initial urban planning from 1916, which would set the basis, certainly some visionary yet others excessive, for the building of New York City throughout the 20th century. The Building Zone Resolution was created with two purposes: to solve the issues related to the human bundle in a limited space, the city of the present, and to aim a vision of the urban space in the forthcoming decades, the city of the future.The article is a compendium of ten short texts and one epilogue, which in combination with ten graphic documents, frame the corpus of this investigation. Thus, the reader will face a graphic essay composed by a series of brief chapters that highlight the beginning of the first vertical city in history.KEYWORDS: New York; Planning; Urban vision.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of the St. Petersburg agglomeration by the beginning of the XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Sergey Sementsov ◽  
Svetozar Zavarikhin ◽  
Yuryi Kurbatov ◽  
Yuryi Pukharenko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Communication Analysis ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Environmental Transport ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The City

The study of the Russian historical St. Petersburg agglomeration at all stages from its foundation (from 1703) until the final imperial stage (1917) required the use of complex functional, urban-planning and landscape, socio-economic, environmental, transport and communication analysis on the basis of data from archives, historical cartography and iconography. The main results were the conclusions that during the XVIII - early XX centuries, there was a crystallization of a huge agglomeration around the city of St. Petersburg, which included three belts: “external”, “middle”, “nearby”, which spatially extended from Yaroslavl (in Central Russia) to Riga (in the Baltic). The paper discusses the features of the formation of the “nearby belt” of agglomeration in the initial (1703 - January 1725) and in the final (1901-1916) development periods. The study revealed a significant role of special types of objects in these processes - estates of the aristocratic society and “garden cities” that provided a belt (around St. Petersburg and the largest settlements and complexes), linear (along radial and ring highways), and nodal (around individual large settlements) construction, spreading in the latitudinal direction from Narva and Ivangorod to the mouth of the Syas river, and in the meridian direction - from Vyborg to the city of Luga. Within the boundaries of this agglomeration zone, four sub-agglomerations had begun to emerge since the 1710s and have fully formed by the 1910s. The materials of the paper can be useful both for historians of urban planning and for modern urbanists.

Carceral Matters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashad Shabazz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Masculinity ◽  
Street Gangs ◽  
South Side ◽  
Black Migration ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This book explores the intersection of race, gender, sex, and geography in Chicago. It examines the relationship between people and place, as well as the geographic lessons Black Chicagoans learned during the twentieth century and the role housing and architecture, politicians and police played in those lessons. Through an analysis of interracial sex districts, cramped apartments, project housing, street gangs, urban planning, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Chicago, the book reveals the workings of spatialized blackness in Chicago. It argues that policing, surveillance, and architectures of confinement were used to “spatialize blackness” in the city, with racialized and gendered consequences for Black people, especially on the South Side. The book also considers how parts of Chicago's South Side were confronted with daily forms of prison or carceral power that effectively prisonized the landscape. The effects of carceral power on Black masculinity are discussed, from its entrance into Black Chicago from the first leg of the Great Black Migration to the end of the twentieth century. This introduction provides an overview of the chapters that follow.

Rethinking the Twentieth-Century History of Mumbai

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1435-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS E. HAYNES
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social History ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

AbstractThis review examines three major books on the history of Bombay. Historians of the city have tended to focus primarily on the period before 1930; this tendency has seriously limited our understanding of the dramatic transformations that have taken place in Bombay over the course of the twentieth century. Each of the studies reviewed here devotes considerable attention to developments since the 1920s. Collectively these works make a significant contribution to the appreciation of such matters as working-class politics, the changing character of workers’ neighbourhoods, land use, urban planning, and the ways the city has been imagined and experienced by its citizens. At the same time, these works all shift their analytic frameworks as they approach more contemporary periods and this restricts the authors' ability to assess fully the character of urban change. This paper calls upon historians to continue to apply the tools of social history, particularly its reliance on close microcosmic studies of particular places and groups over long periods of time, as they try to bridge the gap between the early twentieth century and the later twentieth century. At the same time, it suggests that historians need to consider Gyan Prakash's view of cities as ‘patched-up societies’ whose entirety cannot be understood through single, linear models of change.

scholarly journals PLANEJAMENTO URBANO EM GOIÂNIA: A câmera participante e um estudo pelas margens

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Baima Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

ResumoEsse artigo procura apresentar o trabalho etnográfico realizado na Ocupação Jardim Botânico em Goiânia, conjunto de casas que surgiu há mais de 60 anos para abrigar famílias atraídas pela construção da cidade, a primeira capital do Brasil planejada no século XX, após o anúncio da realização de uma Operação Urbana Consorciada para a região. Por meio do olhar antropológico e da câmera participante, o material áudio visual produzido revelou memórias da construção da ocupação e a relação que as pessoas têm com os lugares.Palavras-chave: Antropologia do lugar. Políticas públicas. Memória. Planejamento urbano.URBAN PLANNING IN GOIÂNIA: The camera participat and a study by the marginsAbstractThis article tries to present the ethnography carried out in the Botanical Garden Occupation in Goiânia, set of houses that arose more than 60 years ago to house families attracted by the construction of the city, the first capital of the Brazil planned in the twentieth century, after the announcement of the accomplishment of a Consortium Urban Operation for the region. Through the anthropological look and participat camera, the audio visual material produced revealed memories of the construction of the occupation and the relationship that people have with places. Keywords: Anthropology of the place. Public policies. Memory. Urban planning.

PRINCIPLES AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE GARDEN CITY CONCEPT: AN ARCHITECTURAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Tyrchyn B ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
New Phenomena

The article highlights the semantic meaning of the term "garden city", the formation of the garden city concept and its spread in the global architectural space. The question of the influence of the idea of a garden city on the incipience of new phenomena in architecture and urban planning, in particular, the New Urbanism movement, is revealed. Examples of the implemented garden cities outline the factors that can ensure a balance between the nature of the environment and the high urban loads that are characteristic of the present time. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to systematize the available factual and analytical materials for further popularization of the principles, which were established in the garden city concept

scholarly journals URBAN ROLE OF THE LENINGRAD PALACES OF CULTURE OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XX CENTURY ON THE EXAMPLE OF PETROGRADSKY AND VASILEOROVSKY DISTRICTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
N. Dubrovina
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Spatial Framework ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Centers ◽  
The City

In Russia, the experience of restoration of architectural monuments of the twentieth century totals only a few decades, and this process turned out to be complex and contradictory. It becomes obvious that, in comparison with the history of classical restoration, the “new heritage” requires the formation of its own restoration methodology. During the restoration and reconstruction of the Palaces of Culture of the first third of the twentieth century, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the building itself and the urban planning situation. The Palace of Culture, as a special type of building, must be studied in its historical environment. All Leningrad Culture Palaces are designed as important elements of urban planning regional centers. The placement of the Palace of Culture in the district structure was carefully selected based on the urban planning situation and with the aim of creating a new cultural and planning center, and in some cases, an urban ensemble. This paper discusses the design and contemporary urban importance of the Palaces of Culture of the era of the avant-garde of the Petrogradsky and Vasileostrovsky districts of Leningrad (modern St. Petersburg), namely the Lensoviet Palace of Culture and the Palace of Culture named after S. M. Kirov. It is established that the Palaces of Culture in question are important elements of the urban planning ensemble in the compositional and spatial framework of the city and / or part of the architectural and urban planning complex of buildings of regional significance.

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