Current State of Soil Fertility Level of the Northern Forest Steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Radik A. Mindibayev ◽  
Marat G. Ishbulatov ◽  
Khalil M. Safin ◽  
Aidar G. Baikov ◽  
Florid M. Davletshin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Current State ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals A systemic comparative economic approach efficiency of fodder production

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milyausha Lukyanova ◽  
Vitaliy Kovshov ◽  
Zariya Zalilova ◽  
Vasily Lukyanov ◽  
Irek Araslanbaev
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to determine the optimal volume of fodder and grain-fodder crops of appropriate quality to meet the needs of the livestock industry using a systemic comparative economic approach. For the economic assessment of crops for fodder purposes, a systemic comparative economic approach to their production efficiency has been developed. Accounting was carried out according to the three most important indicators in fodder units: quantitative indicators—productivity per hectare of sowing, qualitative—the content of vegetable protein and cost—the production cost. Oats were taken as the primary culture. Their comparison made it possible to determine economically interrelated partial indices, which are reduced to the index of the systemic comparative economic approach, which contributes to optimizing the structure of the cultivated areas of these crops. This technique allows to determine each forage crop’s location in each farm or region’s conditions, analyzing the real situation and assessing the prospects for the development of production. The optimal structure of sown areas for grain-fodder and fodder crops, focused on the cultivation of high-protein crops, for the enterprises of the Northern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is proposed. Due to a change in sown areas’ structure, the gross harvest increases by 8%, digestible protein by 2%, and reduced production costs by 48%.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPES OF APIS MELLIFERA DRONES IN APIARIES OF THE NORTHERN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (346) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
M.R. Sabirjonova ◽  
V.N. Sattarov ◽  
K.Zh. Iskhan ◽  
A.I. Skvortsov ◽  
D.A. Baimukanov
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Guzel Gumerova ◽  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Anatoly Shuravilin ◽  
Elena Piven
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

SPECIALIZATION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION BY ZONE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
S.SH. ASLAEVA ◽  
◽  
R.F. GATAULLIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The main condition for specialization in agriculture is the production of those products for which there is the most favorable natural environment. The purpose of our study is to determine the nature of territorial specialization in grain production based on the level and its dynamics. The object of the research is the agriculture of the Republic of Bashkortostan, which is one of the leading in the Russian Federation. The subject of the research is the factors of formation of territorial specialization of grain production. The work was carried out on the basis of the application of general scientific research methods within the framework of comparative, logical, statistical analysis and graphic interpretation of the results. The territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan is divided according to the complex of natural conditions, respectively, and according to the peculiarities of agriculture, into six zones. We have grouped municipal districts according to the volume of grain production in statics and in dynamics. A map of the municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the production of grain by agricultural zones has been built. It was revealed that the dynamics of grain production in the republic has a multidirectional character. In terms of grain production, many regions of the region are promising territories, which, despite the low volume of production, are characterized by positive dynamics, as well as stagnant territories, which are characterized, despite the high volume of production, by negative dynamics. Areas in which grain production is higher than the average for the region are located in agricultural zones belonging to the Southern forest-steppe, the Ural steppe, and the Trans-Ural steppe. But at the same time, in many areas of the Cis-Ural and Trans-Ural steppe, grain production is also increasing, many of them have grain-growing specialization. In the regions located in the southern forest-steppe, grain production is below the average level in the republic, sunflower is most of all cultivated. Agriculture in the republic must be developed in the direction of creating specialized zones, which will allow lower costs to ensure the growth of production. At the same time, the organizational and economic mechanism must change in such a way as to stimulate the specialization and concentration of production.

scholarly journals The chest decoration in modern life of Bashkir women: on the problem of preserving traditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Z.F. Khasanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
In The Beginning

The purpose of this article is to study the methods for manufacturing, wearing and ways of use of the Bashkir chest decorations in the end of the 20th — beginning of the 21st c. The research area includes the Republic of Bashkortostan and neighboring regions where the Bashkirs live. Information for neighboring regions was collected using the Internet and social networks: VKontakte, Instagram, YouTube. The chronological framework of the study covers the end of the 20th — beginning of the 21st c., that is the time of a renaissance of traditions and the growth of interest in them. Field materials collected by the author during the expeditions in 2010–2019 to different districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan, archival materials, museum collections of Ufa and Internet resources where old and modern photos with Bashkir chest decorations are posted became the source base of the study. The article uses general scientific methods: comparative-historical, and the method of scientific description and analysis. During the collection of field materials, we relied on ethnographic methods, such as in-depth interviews, observation, and photo fixation. To study the current state of tradition, monitoring of social networks was used. Different types of female bibs used to be popular among Bashkirs — selter, sakal, hakal, yaga, muynsa, almaizy and others. They were very highly valued and used as essential part of the bride dowry. Chest decorations made of silver coins and real corals were very expensive. Until the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th c., chest decoration retained its ethnic, social, and sacred functions. In the beginning of the 20th c., the traditional culture was undergoing a difficult period. During the hunger years of the 1920s, the period of the creation of collective farms, many Bashkirs were forced to surrender their jewelry for nothing. In the postwar years, very few people still had their authentic national decorations. In the end of the 20th — beginning of 21st c., on the wave of mobilization of ethnic identity and revival of interest in traditions, the bib as an ethnic marker became popular again. It has been revealed that there are five basic trends of manufacturing of the Bashkir bibs: from historical reconstructions to highly stylized pieces, from everyday to festive. Nowadays they are worn both for beauty and designating the ethnic identity, traditions, culture, demonstration of national Bashkir ownership. The initial spiritual and guarding function of chest decorations has now been lost.

scholarly journals The Republic of Moldova Soil Fertility State in Conditions of Degradation Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamarac LEAH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Humus ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Annual Loss ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Humus State ◽  
The Republic

The state of soil fertility from Republic of Moldova in the intensification of degradation processes has been presented. Arable soil humus state is the worst in the last 30-35 years. The annual loss of humus from agricultural land cleared from above the level of mineralization of 700 kg/ha and the total deficit, given the erosion losses consists 1100 kg/year. The current state of actual soil fertility is unsatisfactory on the 90% of the land, and about 10% of agricultural land - is critical. Current balance of nutrients in soils is profoundly negative caused by non-application of fertilizers. Developed programs for increasing soil fertility provide scientifically substantiated measures for their implementation on agropedoclimatic zones.

Features of the dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome incidence in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Pavel Alexandrovich Mochalkin ◽  
◽  
Alexander Pavlovich Mochalkin ◽  
Evgeny Georgievich Stepanov ◽  
Lira Amirovna Farvazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

It was established that 17008 HFRS cases were reported in 53 (out of 54) administrative districts and 12 cities (out of 14) of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2009-2018. The most intense epidemiological situation (a long-term incidence rate of 48,5 per 100 thousand of the population) was observed within the boundaries of the forest-steppe landscape zone, where. more than 86 % of all cases of infection are recorded of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2009-2018. The share of infections among the urban population was 64.0 %, the rural one – 36.0 %. In the long-term aspect, according to the conditions of HFRS acquisition, short-term visits to the forest area prevailed – up to 80 %, in household settings – up to 14 % of all cases of the disease. Seasonal increases in the incidence of HFRS take place in May-June – up to 15 % and in September-December – over 46 % of the annual incidence. The presence of synchronicity in the dynamics of HFRS morbidity in rural and urban populations within the boundaries of the administrative district was detected. It has been substantiated that in order to reduce the level of HFRS morbidity among the rural and urban population, it is necessary to provide for an increase in the volume and frequency of preventive (anti-epidemic) measures in the vicinity of rural settlements, regional centers, urban-type settlements and large cities located near forests, within the boundaries of the entire area of the administrative district.

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