scholarly journals The Republic of Moldova Soil Fertility State in Conditions of Degradation Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamarac LEAH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Humus ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Annual Loss ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Humus State ◽  
The Republic

The state of soil fertility from Republic of Moldova in the intensification of degradation processes has been presented. Arable soil humus state is the worst in the last 30-35 years. The annual loss of humus from agricultural land cleared from above the level of mineralization of 700 kg/ha and the total deficit, given the erosion losses consists 1100 kg/year. The current state of actual soil fertility is unsatisfactory on the 90% of the land, and about 10% of agricultural land - is critical. Current balance of nutrients in soils is profoundly negative caused by non-application of fertilizers. Developed programs for increasing soil fertility provide scientifically substantiated measures for their implementation on agropedoclimatic zones.

scholarly journals New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19(34) (4) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Mariusz Trojak ◽  
Barbara Kiełbasa ◽  
Daniela Popa ◽  
Aliona Sargo
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Index ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Labor Resources

Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc. The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic. The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.

scholarly journals Consolidation of agricultural land, as a factor maintaining and improving soil cover of the Azerbaijan Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
T. N. Nizamzade
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time

Abstract. The purpose of our research is to study the state of the soil cover of peasant farms, and to establish the cause of the decline in soil fertility, the land used by them in their farms. The preservation and improvement of the soil cover, therefore, and the basic vital resources in the conditions of intensification of agricultural production, industrial development, rapid growth of cities and transport is possible only with well-established control over the use of all types of soil and land resources. The object of the study was the soil cover on the territory of farms of the Republic, with certain natural conditions and a specific type of economic development. The data obtained as a result of research on the state of the soil cover reflect the General pattern of development of land degradation throughout the territory of farms, due to uncontrolled use of land resources. In the article, the sizes of land shares of farms of the Republic which in our opinion are one of the main reasons of decrease in soil fertility of lands of agricultural purpose are considered. At the moment, there is no current legislation in Azerbaijan that could regulate the consolidation of agricultural land and prevent further unjustified fragmentation of land plots. The author in the work proposes a method of land management on a voluntary basis to carry out land consolidation. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time on the territory of the Republic to solve the problems associated with the deterioration of soil cover on the lands of farms, it is proposed to consolidate the lands of small farms into larger landholdings. As consolidation of lands in these farms will create for their owners an opportunity to unite the efforts in carrying out Agro complex actions in fight against deterioration of soil fertility.

scholarly journals Current State and Prospects for Use of Land Resources in Republic of Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Andrey Kolmykov ◽  
Alexey Avdeev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic

All land of the Republic of Belarus can be classified by categories (7 categories), types of lands (14 types), land users, forms of ownership and types of rights to land plots. The total area of land in the Republic of Belarus is 20760 thousand hectares, including agricultural land occupies 9103.0 thousand hectares (43.8%) of the total area of the republic; settlements, horticultural associations, dacha cooperatives - 849.0 thousand hectares (4.1%); industry, transport, communications, energy, defense and other purposes - 622.2 thousand hectares (3.0%); environmental, health, recreational, historical and cultural purposes - 868.7 thousand hectares (4.2%); forest fund - 8656.4 thousand hectares (41.7%); water fund - 37.3 thousand hectares (0.2%); reserve land - 623.4 thousand hectares (3.0%). The basis of the land resources used in the agro-industrial complex of the republic is arable land, meadows and land under permanent crops, which in general occupy 8387.1 thousand hectares, or 40.4% of the total area of land. The state owns 20683.6 thousand hectares (99.63%) of land, private property - 76.4 thousand hectares (0.37%) of the total area of all lands of the republic. In terms of environmental stability, the territory of the republic belongs to medium-stable territories, the coefficient of environmental stability is 0.63, and in terms of the degree of anthropogenic load - to territories with a relatively low anthropogenic load, the coefficient of anthropogenic load is 2.79.

scholarly journals Dumitru Rusu, Analiza patrimoniului modernist-socialist în Republica Moldova prin patru studii de caz / Analysis of the modernist-socialist heritage in the Republic of Moldova through four case studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Field Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Modernist Architecture ◽  
The Republic

Buildings of historical value are gradually disappearing under the idle eyes of passive authorities. The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe what steps are necessary in order to include the valuable socialist modernist architecture from the Republic of Moldova in the world architectural heritage. Field data presenting the current state of 4 socialist modernist landmarks in the Republic of Moldova found these buildings in an advanced state of decay and requiring immediate intervention. The most effective way to improve the state of such historical buildings is to create appropriate legislation that would include them in the global heritage network.

scholarly journals Analysis of current state and limiting factors for the development of organic sector in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Vlado Kovačević
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to analyse the current situation and potential for the development of organic agriculture in Serbia. Despite the favourable agri-ecological conditions for the development of organic agriculture, this branch of agriculture in Serbia significantly lags behind the world and European average in terms of the percentage of agricultural land under organic production. The motive for the conducted analysis within this paper stems from the fact that the demand for organic products in the EU has been increasing at a rate of about 10% annually in recent years, which represents a chance for Serbian agriculture. Data sources used are from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia (MAFWM), Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS) and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL) while the basic research method is interview with experts and participants in organic agriculture. The results of the analysis show that the main limiting factors for the development of Serbian organic agriculture are dominance of small and economically weak producers and insufficient consumer confidence in organic products. The path to the development of organic agriculture is in the increased cooperatives activity and the improvement of consumer confidence in organic products.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS BY FARMSIN THE SELENGIN DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Nina A. Alexandrova ◽  
Valery B. Zharnikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Main Factor

N extreme climatic conditions and the unsatisfied state of agricultural land fertility in the Selenga Region, a decline in the production of crop and livestock products is observed. It should be noted that the production volumes of farms comprise agricultural production in the structure of production. district products - 25.2%. In such circumstances, the main factor in the development of the region’s economy and increasing soil fertility should be the organization of the rational use and protection of the land of peasant farms, main agricultural producers in the region.

scholarly journals Soil degradation in Volyn region: current state, dynamics, ways of reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Vasyl O. Fesyuk ◽  
Iryna A. Moroz ◽  
Ruslan V. Kirchuk ◽  
Serhii V. Polianskyi ◽  
Mykola A. Fedoniuk
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Main Aspect ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
High Level

Recently, the problem of decrease in soil fertility has become more serious, pos- ing a threat to food safety of the country. The main cause is violation of technologies of rational arable farming, which leads to deterioration of the qualitative condition of soils, their degradation. Therefore, development of protective measures for soils against degradation processes is a relevant problem nowadays, solving which would preserve soils and improve their condition. The article evaluates the current condition of degradation of soils in Volyn Oblast. We determined the main aspect of degradation processes, their scales and territorial distribution. We determined that in the structure of the land fund of the Oblast, 52% is occupied by agricultural land, indicating high level of agrarian cultivation of lands. For the last 15 years, the structure of the land fund of Volyn Oblast had undergone insignificant changes, and the most of the area of the land remains unaltered. The area of agricultural lands has somewhat decreased, whereas the area of forests and forest-covered territory has increased. The area of open lands with no vegetative cover has decreased by 0.15%. Ploughed fields in the southern districts of Volyn Oblast exceed the allowable limits, accounting for over 60%. We analyzed the dynamics of the degradation process of soils in the Oblast. We determined that the degradation of soils was to the greatest degree caused by manifestations of erosion and deflation. Water erosion manifested in the territory of Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Ivanychi, Lokachi, Horohiv, Lutsk and Kivertsi districts. Deflatable soils in the Oblast account for 258.2 thousand ha, most of which are in Kovel, Turiisk, Rozhyshche, Stara Vyzhivka districts. Measures for improving low-productive lands, and also land conservation, are being implemented in the Oblast. However, their scale is insufficient. We propose a complex of measures for protecting soils and preventing their degradation.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE AND THE PERSPECTIVESOF FRUIT-GROWING ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE NORTHERN DEVELOPMENT REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Jobs

Currently,the role and importance of SMEs in the development of the national economy are characterized by such features as: the direct contribution to the formation of the GDP in every country is, as a rule, between 55-95%; new jobs creation; boosting competition; increasing exports; innovations and technologies fostering. The effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity in fruit growing is characterized by the application of new fruit production technologies, such as intensive and super intensive system. The purpose of the research was to analyze fruit growing entrepreneurship in the Northern Development Region of the Republic of Moldova based on the data of „Domultera”LLC in Floresti district. The objective of the research was to analyze fruit-growing entrepreneurship in the Northern Development Region of the Republic of Moldova by describing the realities and perspectives in the field. It has been foundout that applying superintensive and intensive technology to fruit growing is efficient. This fact can be explained by the reduction in production costs and the increase in global fruit production, sales revenue from the obtained production and gain profit, which have influenced the increased profitability level of up to 127.76% in 2017 and 86.15% in 2018 in the case of apple cultivation by applying the superintensive system. Apples and plums cultivation by applying intensive technology also increases the economic efficiency when trees begin to bear fruits.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF SUBSIDIES ALLOCATION TO AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Republic

As the Republic of Moldova has limited opportunities to provide generous financial support to farmers, it is extremely important to efficiently use subsidy means, so as to contribute to the development and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. The development of agriculture in a dynamic way can be achieved on the basis of an efficient subsidy system, administered, monitored and evaluated. The aim of the research is to analyse and evaluate the efficiency and impact of subsidization on the development of the agricultural sector and to ensure a stable increase in agricultural production, emphasizing main support measures in this direction. To carry out this study, various research methods were used, such as: observation method, table method, analysis and synthesis method, comparison method, monographic method, statistical data collection. This article presents an analysis of the evolution of the subsidy fund for agricultural producers, which has increased 2.25 times in the last 7 years. There has also been analysed the structure of beneficiaries of subsidies according to the legal organizational form, who received subsidies during the reference period. It has been found that households are in the top of beneficiaries of subsidies who had a share of 62.03% in 2018. The distribution of subsidies by development regions and per one hectare of agricultural land in the profile of development regions has been studied and it has been found that the predominant share is held by agricultural enterprises in the Centre region, about 38.9% of the means of the subsidy fund. The results of the research show an increase in the subsidy level, through support measures. In this context, we can mention that the support measures must ensure an efficient use of the subsidies

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