Factors determining international tourist flow to tourism destinations: A systematic review

Nature is attractive as tourism destinations. Adventure Tourism is an activity where all Challenging natural sources available where we visit, dare and face. Adventure Tourism is categorized in Three Major Part. Mountaineering, Aero sports and Water Sports. The entire activities we Called ADVENTURE SPORTS. Mountaineering is a long established adventure sport predicated on physical activity, challenge, and risk-taking. It has been, hitherto, the preserve of an experienced elite whose approach is epitomized by self-reliance and independent operation in such destinations. Social boundaries separating mountaineers from tourists are becoming blurred. Billions of International Tourist in the World travelled in 2013 for relevant work, Profit Gaining and for development. On the Global basis Global Tourism books for 9% of global GDP, 30% of services exports and 1 in every 11 jobs. Tourism Sector helps to make above impact better Because every tourist counts.

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Smart tourism destinations: a systematic review

Tourism Review ◽

10.1108/tr-06-2019-0235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sanaz Shafiee ◽

Ali Rajabzadeh Ghatari ◽

Alireza Hasanzadeh ◽

Saeed Jahanyan

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Research Field ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Content Type ◽

Online Databases ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

Qualitative Methodologies ◽

Smart Tourism

Purpose This study aims to present a systematic review of smart tourism articles using a meta-synthesis method. Effective systematic reviews are essential for assisting stakeholders in implementing smart destinations. A systematic comprehension of studies on smart tourism is needed regarding the various components of smart tourism destinations, the metrics to map these components and their expected results. This study creates a framework for understanding how smart tourism destinations are theorized and developed. Design/methodology/approach Based on the meta-synthesis approach, this study collects, analyzes and synthesizes relevant research in smart tourism published in online databases by following a predetermined review protocol. Findings This study contributes to the discourse on smart tourism destinations by increasing the knowledge on the subject of smart destinations in regard to different categories. The selected articles were analyzed according to the proposed research questions and classified into three main categories: components, measurement and outputs. This study presents a new archetype for developing smart destinations and addresses efforts to bridge the gap in this research field. Practical implications This paper is noteworthy for stakeholders because it provides a comprehensive vision into the components that influence the growth of smart destinations. The advantage of the proposed methodology is that it creates a framework for understanding how smart destinations are theorized. Furthermore, it is helpful to use qualitative methodologies that efficiently allow the analysis of related literature and that also offer conceptual insights. Originality/value The findings provide information that can be used to help shape a fully conceptualized understanding of the smart destinations concept and can also prove important in providing a guide for policymakers and stakeholders in the tourism industry who seek to intelligently develop tourism destinations.

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«War and Peace» of Ukrainian Tourism: the Impact of Geopolitical Factors on the Tourism Process in Ukraine

Visnyk of the Lviv University Series International Relations ◽

10.30970/vir.2019.47.0.10978 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Anatoliy Parfinenko

Keyword(s):

Spatial Structure ◽

Public Diplomacy ◽

International Tourism ◽

International Tourist ◽

Tourist Flows ◽

The World ◽

Domestic Tourism ◽

The Impact ◽

Tourist Flow

The article intends to highlight geopolitical aspects in the development of international tourism in Ukraine as a global phenomenon that carries out economic, social and international political action. The paper analyzes international tourist flows in Ukraine, their dynamics and spatial structure during 2000–2017 in particular, in the context of military-political aggression on the part of Russia and intensification of Ukrainian-Russian intergovernmental relations. It has been established that the current dynamics of the international tourist flow in Ukraine is characterized by a sharp decrease in the volume of international visitors, a decrease in the rates of development of tourism activity and the reformatting of the spatial structure of the inbound and outbound tourist flow. The question arises as to the expediency of tourism development during the military-political confrontation. The experience of holding Eurovision–2017 in Ukraine, which took place against the backdrop of the anti-terrorist operation, is highlighted. The conclusion is drawn about the constructive role of tourism as a factor of «soft power» that can influence the informing of the world about the «Ukrainian issue». In this sense, international tourist flows acted as channels of public diplomacy, reflecting the true situation in Ukraine, which is fundamentally different from the Russian mass media. Attention is drawn to the intensification of domestic tourism in Ukraine, taking place against the backdrop of deteriorating key indicators of economic and social development. It is argued that the growth of the weight of domestic tourism was also possible due to the growth of patriotic sentiment in Ukrainian society. In a sense, the development of domestic tourism is seen as a continuation of the struggle of the Ukrainian people for their independence and territorial integrity. Consequently, the constructive role of tourism lies not only in the presentation of the country to the world community, but also in the construction of a national identity within the country. In this way domestic tourism favors further development of the Ukrainian political nation. Key words: international tourism; actors of geopolitical influence; Russia–Ukraine international relations; regional structure of tourism flows in Ukraine; public diplomacy.

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Coastal protection work for Batu Mejan Beach, Bali

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201927604019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 276 ◽

pp. 04019

Author(s):

Pujianiki Ni Nyoman ◽

Astawa Diputra I Gede ◽

Jayantari Made W ◽

Mataram INK

Keyword(s):

Wave Energy ◽

Protective Layer ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Public Works ◽

Coastal Protection ◽

Submerged Breakwater ◽

The Public ◽

International Tourist ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

The Cost

Batu Mejan Beach is an international tourist destination located in the Canggu area of Badung regency, Bali. Due to erosion problems of Batu Mejan Beach the local government installed a revetment system to protect the coast. However, the revetment that was built before for the Batu Mejan Beach is currently ineffective and damaged. To determine the parameters for the construction of a new coastal protection system, the wave energy occurring at the site was evaluated initially as part of this study. A Submerged breakwater with a tetrapod for a protective layer was then chosen as the alternative to reduce the wave energy before reaching the shore and to reduce erosion as well as further deterioration of the existing revetment. A Submerged breakwater is suitable in coastal areas that are used as tourism destinations because the submerged breakwater construction is under the water, therefore the beauty of the beach will not be interrupted. Four models were made with variations in the width and elevation of the breakwater peak. The model was selected which has the minimum value of transmission coefficient and minimum cost. The cost budget plan was determined by using the analytical list of the Public Works and Housing Regulations of 2016. From the analysis, a model was selected with a submerged breakwater height of 2.45 m, length of 110 m, distance gap of 55 m, and the budget of IDR 17,861,989,813.

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SECOND HOME TOURISM: AN INTERCESSION FOR REJUVENETION OF TOURISM DESTINATION IN COVID-19 CRISIS

GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites ◽

10.30892/gtg.38434-768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 1265-1273

Author(s):

Manzuma Sharmin MUNNE ◽

◽

Shahariar HASAN ◽

Debasree BHOWMIK ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Community Participation ◽

Q Methodology ◽

Knowledge Exchange ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Tourist Destination ◽

Cultural Integrity ◽

Second Home ◽

International Tourist ◽

Tourist Flow

This study aims to demonstrate how hedonistic Second Home Tourism (SHT) trips and eudaimonic community participation will retrieve tourist flow and revive tourist destination from the COVID-19 crisis. Q methodology was followed to measure the subjectivity of scholars, researchers and practitioners of tourism industry for the appreciation of SHT in the crisis. Q Method Software was used to conduct factor analysis. The result of the study concludes that short haul mobility/trip within periphery and/or travel bubble accelerates the % change of international tourist arrivals. The study also implores that how future SHT trips will ensure community resilience through social intuition (cultural integrity and knowledge exchange) and financial retention through economic empathy (demand-supply balance and revenue generation).

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ODESSA: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURIST CENTER

Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: География и геоэкология ◽

10.26456/2226-7719-2020-2-60-70 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 60-70

Author(s):

Татьяна Игоревна Лисенкова ◽

Светлана Ивановна Яковлева

Keyword(s):

Smart City ◽

International Tourism ◽

Innovative Development ◽

Development Factor ◽

International Tourist ◽

Domestic Tourism ◽

Tourist Center ◽

The City ◽

Tourist Flow

Показаны результаты оценки Одессы как центра внутреннего туризма Украины и нового международного центра туризма. Анализируется структура современного туристского потока, специализация и новый инновационный фактор развития - бренд «умного города». Предлагается считать этот бренд элементом современного и перспективного туристского образа города. The results of the assessment of Odessa as a center of domestic tourism of Ukraine and a new international tourism center are shown. The author analyzes the structure of the modern tourist flow, specialization and a new innovative development factor - the brand of the «smart city». It is proposed to consider this brand as an element of the modern and promising tourist image of the city.

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Global Development of International Tourism and Impact on the Economy of Ukraine

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n4p108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Olena Moskvichova ◽

Iryna Hryhoruk ◽

Yuliia Marchenko ◽

Yuliia Veretilnyk

Keyword(s):

Spatial Structure ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Political Stability ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Innovation Activity ◽

International Tourism ◽

International Tourist ◽

Tourist Flows ◽

Tourist Flow

The article highlights the geopolitical aspects of the international tourism development in Ukraine as a global phenomenon that carries out economic, social and international and political action. In today's world, tourism has become a powerful industry, a huge complex in which the economic and social spheres are connected. The importance of tourism in international economic activity is constantly growing, and the market itself is acquiring new trends and features, affecting trade, transport and communications, agriculture and construction. The processes of globalization in the tourism market are characterized by changes in technology, modernization of transport infrastructure, internationalization of business activity and the creation of a regulatory mechanism. The potential of world tourist flows as factors of geopolitical influence is revealed, the structure of which reflects and influences the tendencies of international interaction. The main geopolitical factors influencing the dynamics and spatial organization of international tourist flows are structured. The world market of tourist services has a clear segmentation character. The main criteria for segmentation are motivational, age and regional ones. The general tendencies of development of the international tourism, a role and a place of Ukraine in the international tourist market are characterized. It is predicted that China will become the most popular tourist country in the near future. It is determined that due to the growth of intercontinental ties, which is based on the rapid development of vehicles and, above all, jet aircraft, as well as the desire of a significant number of people to visit the most remote and exotic corners of the Earth, tourism exchange between regions will develop more intensively than within regions. However, there is a growing tendency to increase the exchange of tourists between neighboring countries under conditions of normal relations between them and between countries with related languages. The main world events that have affected tourist flows in recent years are listed: Brexit, COVID-19, military actions in Eastern Ukraine and others. The analysis of international tourist flows in Ukraine was done, in particular their dynamics and spatial structure during 2010-2019 in the context of military-political aggression by Russia and the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian interstate relations. It is established that the current dynamics of the international tourist flow in Ukraine is characterized by a sharp decrease in international visitors, slowing down the development of tourism and reformatting the spatial structure of the incoming and outgoing tourist flow. It is also noted that among the main factors hindering the development of the Ukrainian tourism industry are the unsatisfactory state of development of infrastructure and logistics of tourism, high prices, environmental and criminal risks, low innovation activity of tourism enterprises. It is concluded that international tourism is not only a passive participant in international relations, but also an active political actor who is able to act as a channel for establishing international trust and cooperation, a factor in maintaining political stability.

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Nala and Countryside Tourism

The Gaze Journal of Tourism and Hospitality ◽

10.3126/gaze.v5i0.15110 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 43-68

Author(s):

Biswo Nath Ulak

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Research Work ◽

Ecological Aspect ◽

Rural Village ◽

Local Resources ◽

International Tourist ◽

The Social ◽

New Destination ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

Tourism And Hospitality

The behaviour of tourists in modern time shows and urgent need to promote countryside tourism destinations in Nepal. Tourism supply needs to be integrated and well coordinated, including all necessary amenities for an enjoyable stay similar to the rural village tourism at Ghandruk, Sarankot, Chitwan etc. at different part of Nepal. More marketing efforts should be made to attract target markets of tourists.Rural tourism, including agritourism, can play an important role to change the fate of Nala in Kavrepalanchowk District. Nala at present is facing the problem of unemployment and deterioration of natural and cultural qualities. The social and ecological aspect is of great importance rather than economic one. Proper development of such areas should be multidirectional. The increasing interest of domestic as well as international tourist in the villages with countryside tour has created a possibility of establishing Nala as a new destination of Countryside Tourism. These new initiations not only saves one of the historically important village ecologically and culturally but also pave the way for the development of entire community of villages providing new employment opportunity and mobilization the local resources as well.The aim of this research work is to explore the opportunity of developing countryside tourism in Nala village with taming exclusive environmental and cultural values, as well as to present its role in the development of tourism in Nepal.The Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Vol.5 2013 pp.43-68

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Current state and problems of inbound tourism development in Ukraine

Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik ◽

10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.04.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 14-19

Author(s):

A. Taranenko ◽

◽

V. Zhyvotenko ◽

N. Karpenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Funding ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Information Support ◽

International Tourist ◽

Inbound Tourism ◽

Key Issues ◽

Tourism Potential ◽

Investment Process ◽

The Impact ◽

Tourist Flow

Inbound tourism has its own characteristics, which makes it economically attractive for any country in the world. Its development has positive effect on stimulating the investment process, the structure of the balance of payments, budget revenues at various levels, the welfare of the population, the development of infrastructure in the regions etc. The investigation of incoming, outgoing and domestic tourist flow in the tourist market of Ukraine has identified trends in their development during the recent years. The predominance of the outbound tourist flow in the structure of the general tourist flow testified the need to concentrate the state policy in the field of tourism in the direction of stimulating domestic and inbound tourism, which will allow to obtain positive socio-economic consequences from their development. The analysis of the incoming tourist flow for travelling shows the types of tourism in which Ukraine can currently compete in the international tourist market, provided that the corresponding competitive advantages are strengthened and reinforced. It can also reorient some outbound tourists to domestic destinations. Inbound tourist flow in Ukraine is characterized by uneven tourist attractiveness of different regions of Ukraine among foreign tourists. This does not allow to implement completely the tourism potential of certain regions. The analysis of the incoming tourist flow structure by the countries of arrival of foreign tourists make it possible to identify the priority geographical directions of the international marketing policy for promotion of the national tourist product. The impact of Covid-19 on inbound tourist flows to Ukraine in recent years is considered, as well as a number of key issues hindering the development of domestic inbound tourism over the past decade. This allows us to identify the key tools to stimulate the development of inbound tourism in Ukraine. They are based on the optimization of tax policy in the field of tourism, public funding for the modernization of tourist infrastructure, optimization of tourist formalities, marketing strategy to promote the national tourist product at the international level and its information support.

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