Protective effects of Launaea procumbens against oxidative adrenal molecular, hormonal and pathological changes in rats

Abstract The effectiveness of ulinastatin and methylprednisolone in treating pathological changes in mice with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) was evaluated. Forty C57BL/6 female mice received whole-chest radiation (1.5 Gy/min for 12 min) and were randomly allocated into Group R (single radiation, n = 10), Group U (ulinastatin treatment, n = 10), Group M (methylprednisolone treatment, n = 10), or Group UM (ulinastatin and methylprednisolone treatment, n = 10). Another 10 untreated mice served as controls (Group C). Pathological changes in lung tissue, pulmonary interstitial area density (PIAD) and expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in lung tissue, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Alleviation of pathological changes in lung tissue was observed in Groups U, M and UM. Treatment with ulinastatin, methylprednisolone or both effectively delayed the development of fibrosis at 12 weeks after radiation. Ulinastatin, methylprednisolone or both could alleviate the radiation-induced increase in the PIAD ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Treatment with ulinastatin, methylprednisolone or both significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α, but not TGF-β1, at 9 weeks after radiation compared with Group R ( P < 0.01). Ulinastatin and / or methylprednisolone effectively decreased the level of TNF-α in lung tissue after RILI and inhibited both the inflammatory response and the development of fibrosis.

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Lead nitrate and cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity: Protective effects of sesamol on biochemical indices and pathological changes

Journal of Food Biochemistry ◽

10.1111/jfbc.13769 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hatice Baş ◽

Fatma Gökçe Apaydın ◽

Suna Kalender ◽

Yusuf Kalender

Keyword(s):

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Lead Nitrate ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Biochemical Indices

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Exosomal microRNA-150-5p from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells mitigates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeting B-cell translocation gene 2

10.21203/rs.3.rs-779140/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

shuo Yang ◽

Xue Li ◽

Ting Bi

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Cerebral Ischemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

Abstract Objective MicroRNA(miR)-150-5p has been investigated in many studies, while the role of exosomal miR-150-5p from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains extensive exploration. This research aims to probe the protective effects of exosomal miR-150-5p from BMSCs on cerebral I/R injury via regulating B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2). Methods BMSCs were cultured and transfected with miR-150-5p mimic, then exosomes from BMSCs were extracted. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established, and miR-150-5p and BTG2 levels in rat brain tissues were detected. Then gain and loss-function assays were conducted to probe the impact of exosomes, miR-150-5p and BTG2 on neurological function, pathological changes, apoptosis and inflammatory factors of MCAO rats. The binding relationship between miR-150-5p and BTG2 was validated. Results MiR-150-5p was decreased and BTG2 was augmented in MCAO rats. The exosomes from BMSCs could improve neurological function, pathological changes, apoptosis and reduce inflammatory factors in MCAO rats. Enriched miR-150-5p or decreased BTG2 could enhance the protective effects of exosomes from BMSCs on cerebral I/R injury. The elevated BTG2 reversed the impacts of enriched exosomal miR-150-5p. BTG2 was targeted by miR-150-5p. Conclusion Exosomal miR-150-5p from BMSCs exerts protective effects on cerebral I/R injury via repressing BTG2. This study provided novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of cerebral I/R injury.

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Protective Effects of Nootkatone on Renal Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Fibrosis in a Unilateral Ureteral Obstructive Mouse Model

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113921 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3921

Author(s):

Chang-Mu Chen ◽

Chen-Yu Lin ◽

Yao-Pang Chung ◽

Chia-Hung Liu ◽

Kuo-Tong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Obstructive Nephropathy ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Chronic Kidney Diseases ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

First Time

Nootkatone is one of the major active ingredients of Alpiniae oxyphyllae, which has been used as both food and medicinal plants for the treatment of diarrhea, ulceration, and enuresis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether nootkatone treatment ameliorated the progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and clarified its underlying mechanisms in an obstructive nephropathy (unilateral ureteral obstructive; UUO) mouse model. Our results revealed that nootkatone treatment preventively decreased the pathological changes and significantly mitigated the collagen deposition as well as the protein expression of fibrotic markers. Nootkatone could also alleviate oxidative stress-induced injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and renal cell apoptotic death in the kidneys of UUO mice. These results demonstrated for the first time that nootkatone protected against the progression of CKD in a UUO mouse model. It may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for CKD intervention.

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Trimetazidine in Heart Failure

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.569132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyang Shu ◽

Yizhong Peng ◽

Weijian Hang ◽

Ning Zhou ◽

Dao Wen Wang

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Cardiac Metabolism ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Future Studies ◽

Myocardial Apoptosis ◽

Basic Studies

Heart failure is a systemic syndrome caused by multiple pathological factors. Current treatments do not have satisfactory outcomes. Several basic studies have revealed the protective effect of trimetazidine on the heart, not only by metabolism modulation but also by relieving myocardial apoptosis, fibrosis, autophagy, and inflammation. Clinical studies have consistently indicated that trimetazidine acts as an adjunct to conventional treatments and improves the symptoms of heart failure. This review summarizes the basic pathological changes in the myocardium, with an emphasis on the alteration of cardiac metabolism in the development of heart failure. The clinical application of trimetazidine in heart failure and the mechanism of its protective effects on the myocardium are carefully discussed, as well as its main adverse effects. The intention of this review is to highlight this treatment as an effective alternative against heart failure and provide additional perspectives for future studies.

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Alteration of renal function by potassium bromate (KBrO3): Protective effects of Launaea procumbens

African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5897/ajpp11.471 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (19) ◽

pp. 1400-1404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Khan

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Potassium Bromate ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Launaea Procumbens

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Protective Effect and Mechanisms of Radix Astragali Injection on the Intestinal Mucosa of Rats with Obstructive Jaundice

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2010/757191 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhang Xiping ◽

Weng Ke ◽

Yu Yaping ◽

Zhao Hongchan ◽

Cheng Qihui

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Jaundice ◽

Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Radix Astragali ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Bax Protein ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group

Objective. To research the protective effects and mechanisms of Radix Astragali injection on the intestinal mucosa of rats with obstructive jaundice (OJ).Methods. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, model control and Radix Astragali treated group. We observed the pathological changes of intestinal mucosa, expression levels of Bax and NF-κB proteins, and apoptosis indexes in intestinal mucosa as well as serum NO, MDA and SOD contents, respectively, on 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d after operation.Results. The pathological severity score (on 7d and 14d), apoptotic indexes (on 14d) of the intestinal mucosa and serum MDA content (on 14d) of treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group (P<.05). The serum SOD contents (on all time points) of treated group were significantly higher than those in the model control group (P<.05). The sham-operated group (on 21d) of the product of staining intensity and positive rate of Bax protein was significantly lower than model control group (P<.05).Conclusion. Radix Astragali injection could protect the intestinal mucosa of OJ rats by increasing the content of SOD, reducing the content of MDA, inhibiting the apoptosis and relieving the pathological changes of intestinal mucosa.

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