scholarly journals Kinik: Raising the stakes for importing products derived from US patented processes practised abroad

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B Familant
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Trade Commission ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyses the recent ruling in Kinik Co. v. Int'l Trade Comm'n, 362 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2004), and the impact that decision may have on proceedings before the US International Trade Commission under the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 USC §1337(a)) – particularly those concerning the importation of products derived from practising US patented processes abroad.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Section 301's of the US Trade Policy in International Trade and The Impact to GATT Rules (What Can be learned as an Indonesian Trader)

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Victor Purba
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Trade Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Section 301

"Section 301" memberikan wewenang luas kepada Presiden AS untuk mengambil tindakanpembalasan terhadap praktek-praktek perdagangan negara asing yang dianggap merugikan AS. Keampuhan Section 301 ini antara lain berhasil membuka pasar bagi barang-barang Amerika di luar negeri. Umpamanya Jepang, yang akhirnya bersedia menerima penjualan alat-alat telekomunikasi, jeruk dan daging asal AS. Namun, ancaman Section 301 tidak selalu berhasil membuka pasar luar negeri. Sengketa kemudian diselesaikan dalam pertemuan-pertemuan GATT.

scholarly journals The Impact of Global Protectionism on Port Logistics Demand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1444
Author(s):  
Jungran Cho ◽  
Emma Kyoungseo Hong ◽  
Jeongho Yoo ◽  
Inkyo Cheong
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Maritime Logistics ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Logistics ◽  
Logistics Demand ◽  
The Impact

Various risks and uncertainties are strengthening the downside of the global economy. This paper aims to estimate the impact of the US–China conflict and the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body’s shutdown on global logistics demand and to show the seriousness of the situation. Existing literature studies on protectionism or the US–China trade conflict were considered, with a focus on the effects of specific issues or impact on bilateral relations. No research has quantitatively considered the adverse effects of the Appellate Body’s shutdown. In this situation, questions can be raised whether the current global shipping logistics system can be sustainable or not. This paper attempts to estimate the shrinking demand for shipping logistics due to global protectionism. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model and trade-cargo-container conversion methodology, which differentiates this paper from previous studies, the paper suggests that the combination of tariffs and NTBs can severely reduce international trade and the demand for maritime logistics services. Depending on the scenario, port cargo is expected to decrease by 3.95 to 6.9 trillion tons, which can be half of the global cargo. Based on these estimates, this paper suggests that a catastrophe could occur in global trade order as well as global maritime logistics. Finally, underlining that the international trade order should not be severely damaged, this paper proposes that countries around the world should seriously discuss this issue at the 12th WTO Trade Ministers’ Meeting in Kazakhstan in June 2020.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Uruguay Round on World Economy

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1191-1203
Author(s):  
Akhtar Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
Asian Tigers ◽  
International Trading ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Impact

International trade as an engine for economic growth is an accepted proposition in modern economic literature. Statistical and econometric analysis of crosssection and time-series data of the growth in exports and growth in GOP shows a very high correlation between the two. Normally growth in exports is twice or more than the growth in GOP for most fast-growing economies particularly the East Asian Tigers. There is hardly any country which over a decade has had a growth in GOP higher than the average rate of growth of exports in that decade. Export led growth has been vindicated by one economy after another specially in East Asia. It is therefore of great importance that the international trading system allows the free flow of goods in order to promote the growth of the world economy as a whole. After the Second World War, plans were drawn up for an International Trade Organisation (ITO) at Havana but when the US Congress declined to approve it, it was dropped. The demise of the ITO, however did not do away with the need for an international organisation to deal with negotiations for reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers to international trade. Twenty-three nations agreed to continue extensive tariff negotiations for trade concessions at Geneva which were incorporated in a General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). GATT has provided a permanent platform for reducing trade barriers. The fundamental objective of GATT is to achieve free trade through reduction in tariff and non-tariff barriers on the basis of non-discrimination, reciprocity and national treatment.................

scholarly journals The end of the globalization erа, deglobalization, “new” globalization, or transition to noospheric co-development?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (8) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Oleh BILORUS ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr VLASOV ◽  
Sergіi GASANOV ◽  
Igor KHANIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the controversial issues of the state, contradictions and trends of modern globalization in the face of new challenges and threats associated with political, immigration, pandemic, climate, economic and trade shocks – Britain’s exit from the EU, the implementation of the US President’s policy “America Above All”, the beginning of trade de-globalization as a result of the revision of free trade agreements (FTAs) and the trade “war” between the United States and China, the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic and climate change on deepening the global economic recession, the collapse of national economies and international trade, lack of financial resources for active government support of the health care systems, social protection, small and medium-sized businesses. Political, economic, managerial and academic circles are actively discussing the problems of the “end” of globalization, de-globalization, “new” globalization, the need for a “new world order”, which will actually embody the fundamental values of democracy, economic freedom, free trade and, at the same time, will strengthen social responsibility of the world community and its international institutions, the main geopolitical, geo-economic and military centers of power (primarily the United States, China, the European Union, Russia, etc.) for the preservation of peace on the basis of consensus, recognition of global priorities in countering climatic and epidemic threats to human life on Earth , consistent implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals to eradicate poverty in all its forms and manifestations, combat inequality within and between countries, ensure continuous, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and promote social inclusion. The article drew attention to the strengthening of the trends of protectionism and economic nationalism, in particular, the US withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement and attempts to revise the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The article shows the loss of the US leadership in world trade due to the accelerated economic development of other countries, primarily the Asian region. The discussion of these problems at the Davos Economic Forum led to the conclusion about the likely end of Atlanticism and globalization. At the same time, the UN report (2018) highlighted a special section on trade hyperglobalization. The article hypothesizes that the Bali Round (2013) of negotiations on trade began the fourth wave of its globalization, and proposes a new theory of international trade – the theory of globalization impact.

scholarly journals The Regional Impact Transmission via International Trade: An ASIAN-IO Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-346
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ibrahim ◽  
Tri Winarno ◽  
Melva Viva ◽  
Yanfitri Yanfitri
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Us ◽  
Similar Point ◽  
The Impact

Global financial crisis which began in the US in the latter part of 2008 hit a lot of countries in both trade and finance. In trade aspect, the crisis spread widely; in Indonesia, the total export value in 2009 dropped to 14,3%. Therefore, the economy of China, tightly linked with Asian countries including Indonesia, which rapidly rose before the crisis but slowed after it should be monitored as this condition, could indirectly hold down Indonesia’s GDP. Applying RAS method to update Asian IO data, this research has attempted to describe the trade structure of Asian countries in 2010. Also, it implemented a simulation of the impact of US and China’s GDP decline and US exports on Indonesia’s GDP, both at aggregate and sector levels. The result of the mapping shows that Indonesia is getting more dependent on China. Generally, the link between Indonesia’s exported products and global production chain is weak. Indonesia’s export commodities which are mostly of intermediate goods have low contribution towards value added. Moreover, the result of the simulation shows that 1% decrease in China’s GDP has greater impact on Indonesia’s GDP (0,14%) than that of the US (0,05%) and EU (0,07%) though with similar point.  Keyword: Trade Interactions, Input Output ModelJEL Classification : F16, R15

scholarly journals The end of the globalization erа, deglobalization, “new” globalization, or transition to noospheric co-development? (part 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Oleh BILORUS ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr VLASOV ◽  
Sergіi GASANOV ◽  
Igor KHANIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the controversial issues of the state, contradictions and trends of modern globalization in the face of new challenges and threats associated with political, immigration, pandemic, climate, economic and trade shocks – Britain’s exit from the EU, the implementation of the US President’s policy “America Above All”, the beginning of trade de-globalization as a result of the revision of free trade agreements (FTAs) and the trade “war” between the United States and China, the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic and climate change on deepening the global economic recession, the collapse of national economies and international trade, lack of financial resources for active government support of the health care systems, social protection, small and medium-sized businesses. Political, economic, managerial and academic circles are actively discussing the problems of the “end” of globalization, de-globalization, “new” globalization, the need for a “new world order”, which will actually embody the fundamental values ??of democracy, economic freedom, free trade and, at the same time, will strengthen social responsibility of the world community and its international institutions, the main geopolitical, geo-economic and military centers of power (primarily the United States, China, the European Union, Russia, etc.) for the preservation of peace on the basis of consensus, recognition of global priorities in countering climatic and epidemic threats to human life on Earth , consistent implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals to eradicate poverty in all its forms and manifestations, combat inequality within and between countries, ensure continuous, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and promote social inclusion. The article drew attention to the strengthening of the trends of protectionism and economic nationalism, in particular, the US withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement and attempts to revise the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The article shows the loss of the US leadership in world trade due to the accelerated economic development of other countries, primarily the Asian region. The discussion of these problems at the Davos Economic Forum led to the conclusion about the likely end of Atlanticism and globalization. At the same time, the UN report (2018) highlighted a special section on trade hyperglobalization. The article hypothesizes that the Bali Round (2013) of negotiations on trade began the fourth wave of its globalization, and proposes a new theory of international trade – the theory of globalization impact.

Assessing the factors and manifestations of global imbalancesin international trade: the impact of the US-China trade waron Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Borzenko Elena ◽  
Panfilova Tamara
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
China Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of global imbalances andassess the impact of the US-China trade war on the development of the worldeconomy. The methodology of the study is to use a set of methods: dialectical, statistical,historical, comparative. The scientific novelty is to uncover the problem of globalimbalances, which is one of the fundamental problems in the development of theworld economy. A comparative study of global imbalances that are the drivers ofregional and global crises has been conducted. The trade war between China andthe US is analyzed, which is caused not only by the accumulation of problems inbilateral relations, but also by the displacement of geo-economic positions of theleading countries of the world. Conclusions-In general, the US-China trade conflictis a dangerous signal, indicating that the global economy is increasingly fragmented,but it is almost impossible to keep capital investment within national borders.Digital business models and ecosystems that are becoming more relevant are ableto operate only on the basis of low barriers to entry, ie only in open conditions.In all contexts, it is not necessary to count on the complete decay of the US-Chinatrade conflict, due to the growing strategic competition between the two countries.Global consensus in international trade has long been based on the fact that it isprofitable for all countries. However, neoliberal ideas did not take into accountthat inequality between countries could grow very fast and a number of countrieswould be dissatisfied with free trade, globalization and openness. The lack of soundregulatory mechanisms has led to new economic problems in China (in particular,uneven income distribution).

scholarly journals The Impact of Catfish Imports on the U.S. Wholesale and Farm Sectors

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Muhammad ◽  
Sammy J. Neal ◽  
Terrill R. Hanson ◽  
Keithly G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
International Trade Commission ◽  
Import Prices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Welfare ◽  
The U.S

The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of catfish imports and tariffs on the U.S. catfish industry, with particular focus on the U.S. International Trade Commission ruling on Vietnam in 2003. Given the importance of Vietnam to the U.S. catfish market, it was assumed that catfish import prices would increase by 35 percent if the maximum tariff was imposed on catfish from Vietnam. With the tariff, domestic catfish prices at the wholesale level would increase by $0.06 per lb, and farm prices by $0.03 per lb. Processor sales would increase by 1.66 percent. Total welfare at the wholesale level would increase from $69.2 million to $71.7 million, an increase of about 3.63 percent, and processor and farm revenue would increase by 4.4 percent and 5.8 percent, respectively. These results represent the greatest possible benefit and suggest modest gains for the U.S. catfish industry.

scholarly journals Investissements américains directs et compétitivité technologique européenne

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Dunning ◽  
John A. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Competitiveness

Abstract This paper examines the impact of US firms on technological competitiveness in Europe between 1955-75 through a dynamic application of the eclectic theory of international trade and production. It looks at the improvement in the trading performance of European countries, and finds that in certain larger countries and sectors that indigenous firms also improved their position. This is further found to be related to the transfer of technology from the US to Europe, and its diffusion to European firms where this has taken place.

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