scholarly journals Lean meat content of pig carcasses in the eight slaughterhouses in the region of Vojvodina, Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Ivan Radović ◽  
Miroslava Polovinski-Horvatović ◽  
Mile Mirkov ◽  
Savo Malešević
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The end product of the pig production is carcass. Lean meat content is a measure of the quality of the carcass. Serbia is one of only a few countries in Europe which has not yet adopted the practice of pig's carcasses classification and failed to regulate this issue through legislation. The purpose of this work was to measure lean meat content in carcasses probed in several slaughterhouses in the Province of Vojvodina (northern Serbia) and to classify them according to the SEUROP classification. In total it was classified 65764 pig carcasses in eight different slaughterhouses. The lean mean content was measured on the slaughter line 45 minutes post mortem with the one-point puncture model. The measurement was carried out with the optoelectronic probe for the classification of pig carcasses CLASSPRO GmbH (Germany). The percentage of meat in the carcass was calculated using the mathematical model. In all eight slaughterhouses in which the measurements were done there was no poor quality (P class) pig carcass. The majority of carcasses were in the class E-excellent (35545 carcasses or 54.05% in total) and U-very good (25864 carcasses or 39.33% in total). However, a very small number of the carcasses were in the superior class with more than 60% of lean meat content, only 2072 carcasses or 3.15% in total. Any future effort which the government would put in the implementation of the system of pricing of pigs based on the carcass characteristics would have enormous effect on the pig production in general. The pig producers would have the reason to invest in better farm management, selection in effort to improve the quality of the end products-pigs. In addition, the meat industry would certainly have benefits by having a higher quality raw material for further processing.

scholarly journals LEAN MEAT CONTENT OF PIG’S CARCASSES IN THE EIGHT SLAUGHTERHOUSES IN THE REGION OF VOJVODINA, SERBIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Radović ◽  
Miroslava Polovinski-Horvatović ◽  
Mile Mirkov ◽  
Savo Malešević
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The end product of the pig production is carcass. Lean meat content is a measure of the quality of the carcass. Serbia is one of only a few countries in Europe which has not yet adopted the practice of pig’s carcasses classification and failed to regulate this issue through legislation. The purpose of this work was to measure lean meat content in carcasses probed in several slaughterhouses in the Province of Vojvodina (northern Serbia) and to classify them according to the SEUROP classification. In total it was classified 65764 pig carcasses in eight different slaughterhouses. The lean mean content was measured on the slaughter line 45 minutes post mortem with the one-point puncture model. The measurement was carried out with the optoelectronic probe for the classification of pig carcasses CLASSPRO GmbH (Germany). The percentage of meat in the carcass was calculated using the mathematical model. In all eight slaughterhouses in which the measurements were done there was no poor quality (P class) pig carcass. The majority of carcasses were in the class E-excellent (35545 carcasses or 54.05% in total) and U-very good (25864 carcasses or 39.33% in total). However, a very small number of the carcasses were in the superior class with more than 60% of lean meat content, only 2072 carcases or 3.15% in total. Any future effort which the government would put in the implementation of the system of pricing of pigs based on the carcass characteristics would have enormous effect on the pig production in general. The pig producers would have the reason to invest in better farm management, selection in effort to improve the quality of the end products-pigs. In addition, the meat industry would certainly have benefits by having a higher quality raw material for further processing.

scholarly journals Fat quality of South African pigs with different carcass classification characteristics

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-312
Author(s):  
A Hugo ◽  
E Roodt
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The carcasses of South African pigs are classified into six groups (PORCUS) according to their calculated lean meat content and measured backfat thickness. Pigs with the highest lean meat content and lowest backfat thickness belong to the P group. Fat quality of backfat from 2107 pig carcasses, sampled within the different pork classification groups at a major South African pig abattoir, was evaluated to determine the relationship between carcass classification and backfat quality. Extracted fat was used to determine the iodine value of these samples. Significant differences in carcass characteristics and iodine value were observed between the classification groups. Improved fat quality, indicated by a lower iodine value, was associated with increased backfat thickness and decreased lean meat content. The P and O classification groups (with backfat thickness <17 mm) could not conform to international standards proposed for good technological quality backfat. The C, U and S groups (with backfat between 23 and >32 mm) possessed good technological quality backfat. Backfat from the R group had borderline fat quality. Correlation analyses were employed to acquire equations to describe relationships between iodine value and carcass classification data. The French classification system predicts fat quality by utilizing backfat thickness and lean meat content. It was proposed, through modification of the French system, that South African pig carcasses with a backfat thickness >17 mm and a lean meat content <67% would potentialy deliver good quality backfat. Results from this study indicate that carcass classification data may be used to improve the probability of selecting pig carcasses with good quality fat.Keywords: Backfat, fatty acid(s), iodine value, meat processing, South Africa, survey, swine

scholarly journals Micro-Hydropower in Nepal: Analysing the Project Process to Understand Drivers that Strengthen and Weaken Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1582
Author(s):  
Joe Butchers ◽  
Sam Williamson ◽  
Julian Booker
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Project Cycle ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hydropower Industry ◽  
Key Events

Evaluating the sustainable operation of community-owned and community-operated renewable energy projects is complex. The development of a project often depends on the actions of diverse stakeholders, including the government, industry and communities. Throughout the project cycle, these interrelated actions impact the sustainability of the project. In this paper, the typical project cycle of a micro-hydropower plant in Nepal is used to demonstrate that key events throughout the project cycle affect a plant’s ability to operate sustainably. Through a critical analysis of the available literature, policy and project documentation and interviews with manufacturers, drivers that affect the sustainability of plants are found. Examples include weak specification of civil components during tendering, quality control issues during manufacture, poor quality of construction and trained operators leaving their position. Opportunities to minimise both the occurrence and the severity of threats to sustainability are identified. For the micro-hydropower industry in Nepal, recommendations are made for specific actions by the relevant stakeholders at appropriate moments in the project cycle. More broadly, the findings demonstrate that the complex nature of developing community energy projects requires a holistic consideration of the complete project process.

scholarly journals Physical Activity as a Predictor of the Level of Stress and Quality of Sleep during COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5811
Author(s):  
Anna Lipert ◽  
Remigiusz Kozłowski ◽  
Dariusz Timler ◽  
Michał Marczak ◽  
Kamila Musiał ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Government

Background: The coronavirus pandemic and the government restrictions significantly disturbed the daily functioning of people, thereby influencing healthy behaviors, such as physical activity—the core indicator of well-being. This study evaluates the associations between physical activity (PA), the level of stress and quality of sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: An online survey was distributed during the governmental lockdown in April 2020 and included measures for assessing physical activity, stress and sleep. The surveyed participants included all adults aged 18 years and over. The final data were collected from the 1959 respondents using: International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Findings: Almost half of the respondents indicated a low level of PA, performing only 60 min of PA daily. Most of the participants reported a moderate or high level of stress (57% and 29%, respectively) and 64% of them reported poor quality of sleep. People with low levels of stress performed on average 85.1 min/day of walking (WPA), 40.9 min/day of moderate PA (MPA) or 52.6 min/day of vigorous PA (VPA). People with good quality of sleep performed 82.9 min/day of WPA, 43.6 min/day MPA and 40.5 min/day VPA. Interpretation: The results from the study indicate that the volume of daily PA may be a predictor of the level of stress and sleep quality in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. To retain a low level of stress and good quality of sleep, a lifestyle that allows to achieve a moderate level of physical activity should be maintained. The optimal daily dose of PA is at least 70 min per day, involving different intensities.

scholarly journals Investigating the Features of PDO Green Hams during Salting: Insights for New Markers and Genomic Regions in Commercial Hybrid Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Paolo Zambonelli ◽  
Cristina Schivazappa ◽  
Nicoletta Simoncini ◽  
Roberta Virgili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Genomic Regions

Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) dry-cured hams production is greatly dependent on raw meat quality. This study was performed to identify genetic markers associated with the quality of dry-cured ham. Carcass traits of 229 heavy pigs belonging to three commercial genetic lines were registered (weight, EUROP classification). Phenotypic traits (Semimembranosus muscle ultimate pH, ham weight and lean meat content, adsorbed salt) of the corresponding thighs, undergone PDO ham process in three different plants, were measured, using a fast and non-invasive technology. Green ham weight and lean meat percentage influenced the estimated salt content and the weight loss during salting, even if the processing plant greatly affected the variability of the measured ham traits. The genomic data were obtained with the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 70k HD Porcine Array, using the slaughter day and the sex of the animals in the statistical analyses. The phenotypic traits were associated with the genotypes through GenAbel software. The results showed that 18 SNPs located on nine porcine chromosomes were found to be associated with nine phenotypic traits, mainly related to ham weight loss during salting. New associations were found between markers in the genes Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Down-Regulated 9 (NEDD9, SSC7), T-Cell Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis 2 (TIAM2, SSC1), and the ham quality traits. After validation, these SNPs may be useful to improve the quality of thighs for the production of PDO dry-cured hams.

Pakistan’s Education Reform Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (825) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Faisal Bari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Government ◽  
Provincial Autonomy

The Pakistani Constitution promises “free and compulsory” education for all, but 20 million children are not in school. Many who are enrolled receive poor-quality education: surveys show Pakistani students ranking among the lowest achievers in the world. This has led families in all but the lowest income groups to seek private alternatives for their children, weakening the constituency for improved public schools. Under Prime Minister Imran Khan, the government has pushed for a Single National Curriculum. Critics contend that it will not address lack of access or the poor quality of education, but that it could lead to restrictions on school choice, provincial autonomy, and linguistic diversity, while imposing a narrow vision of national identity.

scholarly journals Assessment of pig carcass meatiness in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Marija Dokmanovic ◽  
Milan Tesic ◽  
Vlado Teodorovic ◽  
Nedjeljko Karabasil ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Average Quantity ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

The objective of this study was to determine lean meat content in pigs from different farms and smallholdings, which were slaughtered in one abbatoir in Serbia. In Serbia one third of the total number of pigs is slaughtered in slaughterhouses and two thirds in rural households. Results of this examination carried out on 12 523 slaughtered pigs from 9 farms and smallholdings showed that lean meat content in farm pigs ranged from 51.16? 4.31% to 53.27?2.94%. The average quantity of meat in farm pig carcasses was 52.29? 2.04%. The average lean meat percentage of pig carcasses from smallholdings was 48.99?4.85 %. All farm pig carcasses were classified on the basis of meatiness into class U (50.0-54.9% of lean meat content) while pig carcasses from smallholdings were graded as class R (the percentage of meat ranging from 45.0-49.9). Data about lean meat content of pig carcasses in Serbia have not been published during the past twenty years, because lean meat percentage has not been determined. Today, only three abattoirs in Serbia determine lean meat percentage and pay pig producers according to meatiness.

THE FLUORESCENT ANTITOXIN TEST FOR THE IMMEDIATE DIAGNOSIS OF DIPHTHERIA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Jo Anne Whitaker ◽  
John D. Nelson ◽  
Chester W. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fluorescent Staining ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Diphtheria Antitoxin ◽  
Early Case ◽  
The One

The recent increase in the incidence of diphtheria in our area stimulated the search for a reliable laboratory test for the immediate differential diagnosis of diphtheritic and non-diphtheritic membranous tonsillitis. Fluorescein-conjugated diphtheria antitoxin proved to be highly specific for staining toxigenic C. diphtheriae. Eight of nine patients with proved diphtheria had fluorescent organisms on a smear of exudate. The failure in the one case is attributed to the poor quality of the specimen obtained. An early case of diphtheria was detected by examination of family contacts of one of the patients in this series. The conjugated antitoxin does not result in fluorescent staining of nontoxigenic diphtheria bacilli on of other bacteria commonly found in the nasopharyngeal tract. Fluorescent staining of cultures suggests that only a small proportion of the potentially toxigenic diphtheria organisms are actually producing toxin at a given moment. The fluorescent antitoxin test can be performed within 1 hour. A positive result of the test is an absolute indication for antitoxin therapy. With a negative result the physician must still rely on his clinical judgment and cultural and virulence tests.

Investigating the effect of government subsidies on end-of-life vehicle recycling

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095389
Author(s):  
Zhang Yu ◽  
Ma Tianshan ◽  
Syed Abdul Rehman Khan
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Quality Differentiation ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Government ◽  
Vehicle Market

To have a deeper understanding of the Chinese market reaction for different subsidy policies made by the government, we establish a game model of the competition between legal recyclers and illegal recyclers with government involved. Further, we consider the quality differentiation of end-of-life vehicles in every player’s decision-making. With a numerical simulation, the researchers validated this study. Based on the results of this research, we found that compared with the strategy of subsidizing the legal recyclers, subsidizing the end-of-life vehicle owners is more effective, and the legal recyclers would get more business from end-of-life vehicle owners. The quality of end-of-life vehicles plays a vital role when the recyclers make decisions on their recycling behaviour. Moreover, the differential subsidy policy will probably be useless if most of the end-of-life vehicles in the market are in poor quality. So, the Chinese government should adjust its policies on end-of-life vehicle market development based on the quality distribution of end-of-life vehicles, and the quality management should be implemented in the end-of-life vehicle supply chain for the efficiency and effectiveness of subsidy policies.

scholarly journals Verification of regression equations for estimating pork carcass meatiness using CMG, IM-03, fat-o-meat’er ii and ultrafom 300 devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Lisiak ◽  
Karol Borzuta ◽  
Piotr Janiszewski ◽  
Fabian Magda ◽  
Eugenia Grześkowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Error ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Manual Classification

AbstractFour manual classification devices for estimating pork carcass meat content, i.e. CGM, Fat-OMeat’er II, IM-03 and UltraFom 300 were tested. The experiment was carried out with properly selected raw material (n=141 pigs) from current deliveries for pig slaughter at the Meat Plant SKIBA S.A. in Chojnice. Pork raw material was derived from three different Polish regions and represented different types of fatness, different carcass weights (from 60 to 120 kg) and different sexes (half were gilts and half were barrows). The applied testing procedure was consistent with European Union regulations. The research resulted in the development of regression equations for estimating pork carcass meat content in Poland. These equations are of rectilinear type and use four (in the case of UltraFom 300) or two (in the case of other devices) measurements of backfat and longissimus dorsi muscle thickness located at a distance of 6 cm (CGM, IM-03) or 7 cm (Fat-OMeat’er II, UltraFom 300) from the backfat edge at the section between 3rd and 4th rib, counting ribs from the end (CGM, IM-03, Fat-O-Meat’er II) and also at the height of the last rib section (UltraFom 300). The prediction error does not exceed the termination value of 2.50% established by EU regulations and amounts to 2.16% for CGM, 2.18% for Fat-O-Meat’er II, 1.89% for IM-03 and 2.07% for UltraFom 300. New regression equations have been applied in the meat industry since 12 December 2011.

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