scholarly journals Forms of consumer protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-267
Author(s):  
Dragan Vujisić ◽  
Milan Rapajić
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection

The authors point to the plurality of forms of consumer protection. Private law form of consumer protection is individual protection in civil proceedings. The protection of the collective interests of consumers in most European legal systems is achieved through litigation. The Consumer Protection Act entrusts the protection of the collective interests of consumers to administrative bodies, which is realized in administrative proceedings, whose rules are characterized by considerable differences in relation to the rules provided by the Law on General Administrative Procedure. A significant unit is dedicated to the mechanism of alternative dispute resolution, especially arbitration and mediation. The shortcomings of the Law on Consumer Protection regarding certain contradictory provisions are pointed out. The legislator stimulates alternative dispute resolution, and on the other hand stipulates that contracting one of these methods does not affect the right to judicial protection. The paper also analyses the inspection.

scholarly journals Institutional framework of collective consumer protection in the Republic of Serbia: Condition and perspectives

Pravni zapisi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-233
Author(s):  
Jovana Popović
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Judicial Protection

The paper presents the system for protection of consumers' collective interests in the Republic of Serbia and its development perspectives. The paper relies on certain results of the research conducted at the Union University School of Law, as well as on specific comparative legal approaches. The Law on Consumer Protection introduced an administrative procedure for collective consumer protection. Contended arguments in favour of that change were efficiency and low costs of administrative procedure. In practice, administrative protection has proven to be more effective than judicial protection, but the effect of deterring traders from actions that violate consumer rights has not been fully achieved. In that sense, the existing system of protection of consumers' collective interests in Serbia can be improved by modifying certain administrative measures and by introducing specific forms of alternative dispute resolution in Serbian consumer legislation. The novelties brought by the Directive on Representative actions, whose adoption can be expected very soon, have also been presented in the paper.

scholarly journals RETURN OF COURT FEE IN CONNECTION WITH LEAVING THE APPLICATION WITHOUT CONSIDERATION IN THE CIVIL PROCEEDINGS OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Ulyana Vorobel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Civil Case ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection

The article researches the peculiarities of return of court fees in connection with the completion of a civil case without a court judgement in the form of leaving the application without consideration of legal regulation, analyzes the issues of this institute in judicial practice, and provides suggestions for improving its legal regulation. Attention has been drawn to the fact that since the court fee is one of the basic categories of access to justice, and therefore an element of the right of a person to judicial protection enjoyment, and the need to ensure the balance of interests of the state and the individual in regulating the legal basis of court fees payment, the grounds for the application of this procedural institute must be exhaustive and may not be subject to extended interpretation. Based on the comparative analysis of the legal regulation of the return of court fees institute, and in particular the legislative regulation of such grounds for its application as completion of civil proceedings without a court judgement in the form of leaving the application without consideration, it was found a legislative tendency to reduce the list of the very grounds for leaving the application without consideration, with the use of which the return of court fees is allowed. Examples of jurisprudence in the field of application of each ground of leaving the application without consideration through the prism of the institute of return of court fees have been given. Attention has been drawn to the fact that although in the process of amending the civil procedural legislation, which took place with the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Commercial Procedural Code of Ukraine, Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine, Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine and other legislative acts", such grounds as leaving by the plaintiff (his/her representative) of the courtroom was removed from the "general list" of grounds for leaving the application without consideration under Part 1 of Art. 257 CPC of Ukraine, it still exists, because it was left by the legislator in the article governing the consequences of non-appearance at the hearing of the parties (Part 6 of Art. 223 CPC of Ukraine). It has been constituted that item 4 of Part 1 Art. 7 of the Law of Ukraine "On Court Fees" provides the opportunity to return the court fee in case of completion of a civil case without a court judgement in the form of leaving the application without consideration on all grounds except those that constitute exceptions by law, and in particular the grounds established by items 3, 5 and 9 of Part 1 Art. 257 CPC of Ukraine, as well as Part 6 of Art. 223 CPC of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Kewenangan Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) dalam Menyelesaikan Sengketa Asuransi Pasca Keluarnya Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Nomor 1/POJK.07/2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Wisnu Kumala ◽  
Yaswirman Yaswirman ◽  
Ulfanora Ulfanora
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Legal Effect ◽  
Legal Consequences

There is a tug of authority in resolving insurance disputes outside the court between the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) based on Law Nomor 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection with Alternative Dispute Resolution Institutions (LAPS) based on Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 1/POJK.07/2014. This encourages the author to conduct legal research in order to determine the authority of BPSK in resolving insurance disputes as well as the legal consequences of the decision after the issuance of the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 1/POJK.07/2014 using the statutory approach. This legal research results in the finding that BPSK is still authorized to settle insurance disputes following the issuance of the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 1/POJK.07/2014, this is based on the provisions of the Lex superior derogat legi inferiori principle. Then there is no legal effect on the BPSK decision after the issuance of the Financial Services Authority Regulation. This is because BPSK's decision has been based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, whose position is higher than the Regulation of the Financial Services Authority. So there is no need for BPSK to follow the provisions of the regulations whose hierarchy of legislation is lower than the Consumer Protection Act. Therefore BPSK's decision is "final and binding" as explained in Article 54 paragraph 3 of the Consumer Protection Act.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN DALAM MENANGANI SENGKETA ANTARA PT. SINAR MENARA DELI DENGAN SARI ALAMSYAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Samuel Samuel ◽  
Siti Nurbaiti
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
District Court ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

In principle, the resolution of consumer disputes can be pursued peacefully. through an alternative mediation dispute resolution. In Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 / M-DAG / PER / 2017 concerning the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body does not impose limits on the authority of BPSK in handling and adjudicating a consumer dispute. However, in reality many times the decisions of the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body (BPSK) are submitted to the district court and stated that BPSK is not authorized to handle such disputes. How is the authority of the Consumer Dispute Resolution Board in handling disputes between PT. Sinar Menara Deli and Sari Alamsyah are the issues discussed. The method used in this research is descriptive normative legal research, using secondary data and primary data as supporting data with the law approach. The results of the study illustrate that BPSK is not authorized to handle disputes between PT. Sinar Menara Deli with Sari Alamsyah, because the business actors in this dispute have submitted a refusal to be resolved through BPSK and not achieving the requirements for consumer disputes. It is recommended that BPSK members pay more attention to the provisions in the Consumer Protection Act and other regulations concerning the Consumer Dispute Settlement Body.

scholarly journals Penyelesaian Perkara Pelanggaran Hak atas Merek

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
I Gede Mahendra Juliana Adiputra ◽  
Ida Ayu Putu Widiati ◽  
Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mutual Agreement

The existence of competition causes the original brand owner to feel disadvantaged because the sales result has decreased. It is permissible for someone to use another party's mark as long as they ask permission from the trademark owner first. The owner can give trademark rights to other people as agreed in an agreement. The formulation of the problem in this research is as follows: how is the legal protection of trademark rights and how to resolve violations of trademark rights. The research method used in this research is normative legal research. The results of the discussion in this study are as follows: Legal protection of the right to a trademark has been regulated by Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications, in the provisions of the Law it is expressly stated that if it has been registered in the law that the right to a trademark has been protected. The sanction imposed on the perpetrator of the crime of trademark rights is a fine of Rp. 20,000,000, - (twenty million rupiah) on condition that if the fine is not paid, he will be subject to imprisonment for 6 (six) months. Settlement of trademark cases can be carried out through institutions that can be used to resolve trademark disputes, including: Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration and Courts. Alternative dispute resolution wants the disputing parties to resolve their own dispute with the aim of obtaining a mutual agreement, if the agreement fails, can take arbitration, namely the disputing parties to be able to resolve the dispute to the arbitration institution based on the agreement, furthermore, if the arbitration is successful the last action is through the court, namely the commercial court which has the authority to adjudicate trademark disputes.

scholarly journals Rights of Redress on Supply of Goods under Consumer Protection Act 1999: The Issue of Halal Logo

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Nasihah Naimat ◽  
Elistina Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Law ◽  
Rights And Interests ◽  
The Right

Halal logo is designed to protect consumers from fraud and mislabelling. However, over the years, there has been a controversy surrounding the use of a false halal logo to attract Muslim consumers to buy certain goods. The act of unethical business practice to attract consumers to buy their goods have caused some misunderstanding among consumers regarding the halal status of such goods. Therefore, the law is the most important mechanism in protecting the rights and interests of consumers to claim compensation if their rights have been violated. Under the Consumer Protection Act (CPA) 1999, it puts a responsibility on suppliers and manufacturers to ensure that the goods supplied are the same as specified. However, the question arises as to the extent to which consumers have the right of redress under the CPA 1999 in the issue of supplying false halal logo goods. By using the content analysis method, this article aims to analyze the scope and provisions of the CPA 1999 that govern matters relating to the supply of goods. The discussion of this article reveals that Part VI and VII of the CPA 1999 contains several loopholes that must be addressed in order to provide better rights of redress to consumers on the issue of supplying false halal logo goods.

scholarly journals Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Praktik Tukang Gigi Yang Melebihi Wewenangnya

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Dharmawan ◽  
Ivonne Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
The People ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Consequences

Background: The public's lack of understanding of the different professions of dental artisans, dental technicians, and dentists has an impact on the practice that exceeds the authority carried out for years without any legal consequences borne by dental artisans. Although the regulations concerning work that can be done by dental artisans have been clearly explained in Permenkes No. 39 of 2014 this is still violated by dental artisans. In this case, the people are victims because of ignorance and high local wisdom in certain areas. Method: This study uses a type of normative juridical legal research. Normative legal research is research that focuses its study by viewing the law as a whole system rule which includes a set of principles, norms, and rules of law, both written and unwritten. Results: Giving the right to claim compensation to the patient is an effort to provide protection for each patient for a result that arises both physically and non-physically due to a mistake or negligence by health personnel. Conclusion: Dental workers can be charged with the Criminal Code article 359, 360, 361, namely whoever is due to his mistake (negligence) causes other people to be injured, severely disabled, or even die. In addition, the Consumer Protection Act No.8 of 1999 Article 4 of the Consumer Protection Law has the right to comfort, security and safety in consuming goods and/or services that can be used.

scholarly journals TINJAUAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN E-TOLL CARD

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmad Sugiarto
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Service Business ◽  
Substantive Justice ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Security

Artikel ini telah diuji dan dipertanggungjawabkan dalam seminar ujian tutup oleh penulis. Urgensi informasi terkait bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap pengguna e-Toll Card dalam penggunaannya di jalan tol dan informasi bagaimana upaya penyelesaian sengketa antara pihak konsumen dan pihak penerbit e-Toll Card dibutuhkan sebagai referensi para penstudi dan pengemban ilmu hukum.DAFTAR PUSTAKAAl-Quran Abdul Halim Barkatullah, 2010, Hak-Hak Konsumen, Bandung : Nusa MediaAhmadi Miru dan Sutarman Yodo, 2011, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, Jakarta: PT Rajagrafindo PersadaAz. Nasution, 2001, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Suatu Pengantar, Jakarta: Diadit MediaBramantyo Djohanputro, 2008, Manajemen risiko korporat, Jakarta: PPMCelina Tri Siwi Kristiyanti, 2011, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, Jakarta: Sinar GrafikaC. Tantri D. dan Sulastri, 1995, Gerakan Organisasi Konsumen, Seri Panduan Konsumen, Jakarta: Yayasan Lembaga Konsumen Indonesia-The Asia FoundationErman Rajagukguk, dkk, 2000, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, Bandung: CV Mandar MajuFrans Hendra Winarta, 2012, Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.Gatot Supramono, 2013, Perjanjian Utang Piutang, Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media GroupJimmy Joses Sembiring, 2011, Cara Menyelesaian Sengketa Di Luar Pengadilan, . jakarta: Visi MediaMariam Darus Badrulzaman, 1994, Aneka Hukum Bisnis, Bandung: Alumni N.H.T. Siahaan, 2005, Hukum Konsumen: Perlindungan Konsumen Dan Tanggungjawab Produk, Jakarta: Panta ReiNurnaningsih Amriani, 2012, Mediasi Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata di Pengadilan, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers Philipus M. Hadjon, 2007, Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Rakyat Indonesia, Surabaya: Percetakan M2 Print, Edisi KhususR. Serfianto, dkk, 2012, Untung Dengan Kartu Kredit, Kartu ATM-Debit, & Uang Elektronik, Jakarta: Visi MediaSatjipto Raharjo, 2000, Ilmu Hukum, Bandung: PT. Citra Aditya BaktiSatijipto Rahardjo, 2014, Ilmu Hukum, Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti Shidarta, 2000, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, Jakarta: GrasindoSoerjono Soekanto, 1986, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum, Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UI Press)Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji, 2003, Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan singkat, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers Sudaryatmo, 1999, Hukum dan Advokasi Konsumen, Bandung: PT. Citra Aditya Bakti Takdir Rahmadi, 2010, Mediasi Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Pendekatan Mufakat, Jakarta: PT. Raja GrafindoTakdir Rahmadi, 2011, Mediasi Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Pendekatan Mufakat, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers Zainuddin Ali, 2015, Metode Penelitian Hukum, Jakarta: Sinar GrafikaZulham, 2013, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, Jakarta: Kencana prenada media groupAssaad, A. Istiqlal. (2017). Hakikat Sanksi Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Indonesia Dan Hukum Pidana Islam (Studi Tentang Pidana Mati). Makassar: Al Ishlah Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, Vol. 19 No. 01Aswari, A. (2017). Sibernetika, Teknologi Siber Dan Kebutuhan Hukum. Palu: Jurnal Ilmiah FH Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu, Vol. 3. No. 2Aswari, A., Pasamai, S., Qomar, N., & Abbas, I. (2017). Legal Security On Cellphone Trading Through Electronic Media In Indonesia. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 17(2), 181-187.Azis, D. E. P., & Nurhaedah, N. (2018). Juridical Review The Implementation of Oral Agreement is associated with the Law of Treaties and Law Number 8 Year 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. Substantive Justice International Journal of Law, 1(1), 56-64.Buana, A. P., Aswari, A., Said, M. F., & Arifin, M. Y. R. (2018). Responsibility Parking Service Business to The Protection Of Consumer Of The Parking Services in Makassar. Substantive Justice International Journal of Law, 1(1), 23-32.Haikal Ramadhan, Aminah, Suradi, (2016), Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pengguna Uang Elektronik Dalam Melakukan Transaksi Ditinjau Dari Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 16/8/Pbi/2014 Tentang Uang Elektronik (E-Money),Semarang: Diponegoro Law Review, vol.5 No. 2 Kapindha, Ros Angesti anas. Dwi M., S., Febrina, W. Rizky. (2014). Efektivitas Dan Efisiensi Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Sebagai Salah Satu Penyelesaian Sengketa Bisnis Di Indonesia. Surakarta: Jurnal Hukum, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.Nurhaedah, N. (2015). Analisis Hukum Terhadap Asuransi Kendaraan Bermotor Bagi Pemilik Kendaraan Sebagai Tertanggung. PLENO JURE, 4(5), 28-41.Maria Margaretha Christi Ningrum Blegur Laumuri, 2016: Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemegang Uang Elektronik (Electronic Money) Pada Bank Dalam Melakukan Transaksi Pembayaran Non Tunai, Denpasar: Universitas Udayana

scholarly journals Foreigners and persons without citizenship as subjects of administrative judiciary

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadulaev A.I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
Legal Entities

The right to go to court, including administrative, is one of the most important rights of citizens guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. In addition to the general constitutional right to judicial protection, in particular, Art. 7 of the Law of Ukraine «On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges» of 02.06.2016 № 1402-VIII, guarantees everyone the protection of his rights, freedoms and interests within a reasonable time by an independent, impartial and fair court established by law. Foreigners, stateless persons and foreign legal entities have the right to judicial protection in Ukraine on an equal footing with citizens and legal entities of Ukraine. Access to justice for every person is ensured in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine and in the manner prescribed by the laws of Ukraine. However, along with the guaranteed right to apply to the court of foreigners, stateless persons (refugees, migrants, immigrants), such a category of subjects of administrative proceedings as apartheid remained outside the scope of domestic law. In order to eliminate the shortcomings of the legislative regulation of the legal status of apartheid in Ukraine, the author came to the conclusion that it is necessary to eliminate the existing shortcoming by amending the Law of Ukraine «On Legal Status of Foreigners and Stateless Persons» of 22.09.2011 № 3773-V. Keywords: legal status, foreigners, migrants, apartheid, justice, legislation

scholarly journals ՎԵՃԵՐԻ ՈՉ ԴԱՏԱԿԱՆ ԼՈՒԾՄԱՆ ՆԱԽԱԴԱՏԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՐԳԸ ՀՀ ՔԱՂԱՔԱՑԻԱԿԱՆ ԴԱՏԱՎԱՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՈՒՄ/NOT JUDICIAL RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES IN PRE-TRIAL ORDER IN RA CIVIL PROCEEDINGS/НЕСУДЕБНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ СПОРОВ В ПРЕДСУДЕБНОМ ПОРЯДКЕ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ РА

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Edgar Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes

This article touches upon the pre-trial procedures for resolving civil disputes. The study of this issue in the light of the new out-of-court settlement of disputes set out in the current Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Armenia is becoming more than relevant. When establishing a non-judicial dispute resolution procedure for individuals, the issue of unjustified restriction of the human right to judicial protection becomes quite important. The purpose of the study is the effective and targeted application of the pre-trial procedure prescribed by law, which should not lead to unreasonable restriction of judicial protection. The approaches presented as a result of our research increase the effectiveness of pre-trial dispute resolution and reduce the risk of unjustified restriction of the right to judicial protection. And in some cases, the correct and targeted use of the pre-trial order is more conducive to the effective protection of human rights.

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