scholarly journals Historical thinking and representation in Caryl Phillips’s Higher ground and J. M. Coetzee’s Dusklands

2012 ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Svetlana Stefanova Radoulska
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Caryl Phillips ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Main Ideas

This study is an attempt to cross the boundaries between academic disciplines and provide a new perspective for the interpretation of the past in J. M. Coetzee’s Dusklands (1974) and Caryl Phillips’s Higher Ground (1989). The analysis of the narrative strategies the two authors share to expose patterns of socially and ideologically constructed representation of the historical «other» draws on some of the main ideas and concepts developed by Frank Ankersmit, one of the leading figures in contemporary historiography. Reflecting on the relation between interpretation, truth, and the meaning given to past reality, the present article reads the fragments of representations of the past as «narrative substances» and examines the choice and arrangement of these fragments in the two novels. The way individual stories of suffering are interconnected to stand as a «whole» helps our understanding of the discursive practices in the production of knowledge about the past and reveals their power and limitations.El presente estudio constituye un intento de cruzar los límites entre las disciplinas académicas y aportar una perspectiva novedosa a la interpretación del pasado en Dusklands (1974) de J. M. Coetzee y Higher Ground (1989) de Caryl Phillips. El análisis de las estrategias narrativas que comparten ambos autores para exponer patrones de representación construidos sociológica e ideológicamente del «otro» histórico se basa en algunas de las ideas y conceptos desarrollados por Frank Ankersmit, una de las figuras más relevantes dentro de la historiografía contemporánea. Reflexionando acerca de la relación entre interpretación, verdad, y el significado que se otorga a la realidad pasada, este artículo lee los fragmentos de las representaciones del pasado como «sustancias narrativas», examinando la elección y disposición de dichos fragmentos en las dos novelas analizadas. La manera en la que las se interconectan las historias individuales de sufrimiento para constituir un «todo» coadyuva a nuestro entendimiento de las prácticas discursivas en la producción del conocimiento acerca del pasado y revela su poder y sus limitaciones.

Tensions, articulations, and novelty in the ontogenetic development of historical thinking: Contributions of cultural–historical psychology

2021 ◽  
pp. 095935432110289
Author(s):  
Natalia Albornoz ◽  
Christian Sebastián
Keyword(s):  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Ontogenetic Development ◽  
Psychological Process ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Mediated Action ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Action

To analyse or experience history, to argue or narrate it, two approaches define and explain the phenomenon of thinking about history. In recent decades, thinking about history has become especially relevant because of its relationship with citizenship, either to evaluate evidence of the past or to guide present and future action. The contributions of psychology are diverse and come from traditions that refer to apparently antagonistic psychological processes, such as narrative and argumentation. The objective of this article is to address this discussion from a cultural–historical approach, specifically Vygotskian. We propose that argumentation and narrative are psychological processes that can be developed separately in ontogeny. Both processes, under certain conditions and socially mediated action, are stressed and articulated to give way to historical thinking, a higher psychological process.

scholarly journals La comunicabilidad de lo ambiguo: una propuesta narratológica para el análisis de la ficción televisiva compleja

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 867
Author(s):  
Antonio Loriguillo-López
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Television Studies ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Stylistic Feature ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Narrative Mode ◽  
New Phase

El presente artículo propone una metodología de análisis de la narración ambigua en la ficción televisiva contemporánea, rasgo estilístico al alza entre propuestas comerciales. A través de la adaptación y aplicación de la comunicabilidad enunciada por David Bordwell como estrategia nar­rativa en su estudio de los modos de narración cinematográficos a una muestra de series dramáticas de origen anglosajón, se ofrece un primer tratamiento del modo narrativo de lo que desde los estudios televisivos se ha identificado como televisión compleja. Finalmente, se apunta a la cor­respondencia de este modelo con una nueva fase del modelo de narración del audiovisual postclásico.The present article proposes a methodology of analysis of the ambiguous narration in contemporary television fiction, a stylistic feature on the rise among commercial titles. Through the adaptation and applica­tion of the communicativeness formulated by David Bordwell as one of the categories of narrative strategies in his examination of the modes of narration in film to a sample of drama series produced in English-speaking regions, we offer a primary approach to the narrative mode of what has come to be known in the field of Television Studies as complex TV. Lastly, we note the correspondence between this model and a new phase of the audiovisual post-classical narration.

scholarly journals A Data Science Analysis of Academic Staff Workload Profiles in Spanish Universities: Gender Gap Laid Bare

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Ismael Cabero ◽  
Irene Epifanio
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
New Perspective

This paper presents a snapshot of the distribution of time that Spanish academic staff spend on different tasks. We carry out a statistical exploratory study by analyzing the responses provided in a survey of 703 Spanish academic staff in order to draw a clear picture of the current situation. This analysis considers many factors, including primarily gender, academic ranks, age, and academic disciplines. The tasks considered are divided into smaller activities, which allows us to discover hidden patterns. Tasks are not only restricted to the academic world, but also relate to domestic chores. We address this problem from a totally new perspective by using machine learning techniques, such as cluster analysis. In order to make important decisions, policymakers must know how academic staff spend their time, especially now that legal modifications are planned for the Spanish university environment. In terms of the time spent on quality of teaching and caring tasks, we expose huge gender gaps. Non-recognized overtime is very frequent.

The unification of European law: a pipedream?

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. VAN CAENEGEM
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
European Law ◽  
Old World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Professional Historian ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Gift

The unification of European law – if it is ever achieved – belongs to the future, but much of this present article will be devoted to the past. This makes me look like the ancient Roman king Janus, upon whom the god Saturn bestowed the gift of seeing the future as well as the past, which led to his famous representation, in his Roman temple, as a man with two faces. As a professional historian I am, of course, concerned with past centuries, but the future of Europe and European law concerns me as a citizen of the Old World.

scholarly journals Current Concept of Geometrical Accuracy

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (34) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustín Görög ◽  
Ingrid Görögová
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Geometric Accuracy ◽  
Geometric Tolerance ◽  
Geometrical Accuracy ◽  
The Past ◽  
3D Scanners ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Vega 1 ◽  
Current Standards

Abstract Within the solving VEGA 1/0615/12 research project "Influence of 5-axis grinding parameters on the shank cutter´s geometric accuracy", the research team will measure and evaluate geometrical accuracy of the produced parts. They will use the contemporary measurement technology (for example the optical 3D scanners). During the past few years, significant changes have occurred in the field of geometrical accuracy. The objective of this contribution is to analyse the current standards in the field of geometric tolerance. It is necessary to bring an overview of the basic concepts and definitions in the field. It will prevent the use of outdated and invalidated terms and definitions in the field. The knowledge presented in the contribution will provide the new perspective of the measurement that will be evaluated according to the current standards.

scholarly journals How to make sense of the past – salient issues of Metahistory

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorn Rusen
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
Leading Question

This aerticle provides an overview of current issues in metahistoty. Basic categories of historical thinking, such as memory and historical culture, or historical consciousness, are outlined and contextualised in the field of historical studies. The leading question adresses the process of historical sense generation and its fundamental principles and criteria. In respnse to the traumatic historical experiences of crimes against humanitiy in the 20th century two culturally established procedures of sense generation are applied to historical thinking: mourning and forgiving. The author tries to widen the horizon of historical thinking into the dimension of intercultural communication. In the process he responds to the challenge of globilization. There is an accent on the need to pursue new approaches in history.

scholarly journals Past as the Other – The Other as Past

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Staša Babić
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
The Times ◽  
Modern Identity ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Written Sources

Modern academic disciplines of anthropology, history and archaeology are founded in the cultural, social, political context of the 18th and 19th centuries, at the times of the colonial expansion of the West European countries. Although demarcated by the objects of their study ("primitive societies", the past according to written sources, or material evidence), all these disciplines are grounded in the need to distinguish and strengthen the modern identity of the Europeans as opposed to the Others in space and time.

scholarly journals QUESTÕES TEÓRICAS E TENDÊNCIAS DA GEOGRAFIA HISTÓRICA

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Patrício Aureliano Silva Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Historical Geography ◽  
Time History ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Spatial Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Space And Time

Resumo: Um dos grandes desafios dos estudos históricos reside na incorporação e análise dos processos espaciais e dos elementos territoriais responsáveis por influenciar as temporalidades e os eventos e por modelar e organizar o espaço no passado. No presente artigo, procuramos salientar a importância dessa articulação, discorrendo sobre as inter-relações entre as categorias tempo e espaço, história e geografia. Com base em bibliografia anglo-saxônica, revisamos os aspectos conceituais da geografia histórica, a contribuição dos principais estudiosos e as novas tendências e desafios desse plano de abordagem.Palavras-chave: Geografia e história. Geografia histórica. Teoria e metodologia. THEORY AND TRENDS OF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHYAbstract: One of the most significant challenges in the historical studies lies in the incorporation and analysis of spatial processes and territorial elements which influence temporality and events, as well as fashion and organize space in the past. The present article aims at emphasizing the importance of such relation as well as the connections between space and time, history and geography. Based on Anglo-Saxon bibliography, we review the conceptual aspects of historical geography, the most prominent authors’ contributions along with the new trends and challenges of this approach plan.Keywords: Geography and History. Historical Geography. Theory and Methodology. QUESTIONS THÉORIQUES ET TENDANCES DE LA GÉOGRAPHIE HISTORIQUERésumé: L’un des grands défis des études historiques, réside, dans l’incorporation et l’analyse des processus spatiaux et des éléments territoriaux responsables d’influencer les temporalités et les événements, et de modéliser et organiser l’espace dans le passé. Dans cet article, nous essayons de souligner l’importance de cette articulation, en discutant les interrelations entre le temps et l’espace, l’histoire et la géographie. Sur la base de la bibliographie anglo-saxonne, nous passons en revue les aspects conceptuels de la géographie historique, la contribution des principaux chercheurs et les nouvelles tendances et défis de ce plan d’approche.Mots-clés: Géographie et histoire. Géographie historique. Théorie et méthodologie.

scholarly journals Of dragons and dinosaurs: How children’s toys and games create ideas of the past, of history and of fiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Kühberger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Fiction ◽  
History Education ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
Fictional Representations

This article outlines a trend in popular historical culture which has seen the increasing replacement of a concept of history that rests on some form of evidence base by visions of fictional pasts, or – to put it more precisely – by an ambiguous blend of the past and fictional pasts. Drawing on ethnographic research focused on the contents of Austrian children’s rooms, this paper explores traceable manifestations of history and historical fiction, particularly toy dragons and dinosaurs, in their properties as objects and as focuses of their owners’ interpretations as ascertained in interviews. The research finds little clear demarcation in the minds of the children interviewed (all between 8 and 12 years old) between imaginings and cognitive attempts to reconstruct the past. The article examines the influence of these factual–fictional representations on historical thinking from a history education perspective.

scholarly journals GENDER AND LANGUAGE IN THE LABOUR MARKET: ANALYSIS OF JOB ADVERTISEMENTS IN SLOVENIA BETWEEN 1958 AND 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-182
Author(s):  
Jasna Mikić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Context ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
Historical Examination

Abstract. The present article explores the use of grammatical forms in job advertisements published over the past 60 years (1958, 1978, 1998 and 2018). A historical examination of the use of gender forms in employment is based on analysis of job advertisements published in the Slovenian language, and the particular socioeconomic context. The results show that the frequency of use of the masculine, feminine and neutral forms has not drastically altered over the decades. In general, feminine and neutral forms were used less frequently, and the masculine grammatical form consistently dominates. In 2018, the latter was seemingly ‘neutralised’ by adding the abbreviation M/F

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