Measures Make Arithmetic Meaningful

1956 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 247-248
Author(s):  
Gene McKeen

“MEASUREMENT IN LIFE” was the title of one of our recent units in arithmetic. Prior to studying this unit, most of our class members had only vague ideas about the real value of measurement in everyday living. At the beginning of the unit, we discussed some of our own ideas as to where and how measurement was used throughout the world. We knew, of course, that carpenters measured with rulers and tapes and some in the class mentioned that the housewife used measurements when she used recipes in cooking and baking. As our study of measurements progressed, however, our knowledge of measurement and its value in many occupations took on more and more meaning. Our teacher, Mr. Norton, asked each member of the class to search the house for any measuring device that could be brought to school. Believe me, we soon discovered that the ruler and yardstick weren't the only measuring devices being used. Some of the class members brought instruments that most of us had never heard of or seen before. For example, three boys brought micrometers. Although most of the class had not heard of the micrometer before, all of us soon learned that the “mike” was a precision instrument used by many different people such as the machinist, geologist, metal worker, and factory worker. All of us learned the parts of the “mike” and also how to measure with it. We were really surprised to find that we could measure the thickness of a hair on our head; mine was 3/ 1000 of an inch thick. Some of the class members had difficulty in learning to read the instrument at first, but it wasn't long before all of us knew all about the “mike.” In the process of finding out the interesting things about the “mike,” we studied and learned how to work with decimal fractions. My sister had told me that decimals were hard, but I didn't think so even though arithmetic was one of my hardest subjects last year. In fact, I thought decimals were fun and you certainly have to know them to use a micrometer.

Author(s):  
Sha Luo ◽  
Shaobo Wang ◽  
Liang Qin ◽  
Feng Pang

Hydrogen concentration measuring technologies in containment can play an important role in preventing radioactive materials leakage and ensuring the safety of people and property in nuclear accident. However, as a confined space, the environmental condition in the containment during a severe accident is very complex and harsh, with high temperature, high pressure, high humidity and high-level radioactive. Thus, it is an issue worth exploring how to ensure the availability, safety and measurement accuracy of the hydrogen measuring devices in such special conditions. This article reviews the hydrogen measuring technology and related products currently used in nuclear power plant in the world. Because of the particularity of the severe accident conditions, some measuring technology and related products need further improvement and perfection. After the Fukushima nuclear accident, the technology for measuring hydrogen concentration in containment has become more compelling. The CH-15 type hydrogen concentration measuring device, which was independent developed by the 718th Research Institute, was briefly introduced in the end of this article. With deepening understanding of nuclear accident by nuclear power industry, the advanced hydrogen measuring devices will be widely used in nuclear power plant in the world, which will be helpful to improve the safety level of nuclear power plant.


Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Ambrož ◽  
Uroš Hudomalj ◽  
Alexander Marinšek ◽  
Roman Kamnik

Measuring friction between the tyres of a vehicle and the road, often and on as many locations on the road network as possible, can be a valuable tool for ensuring traffic safety. Rather than by using specialised equipment for sequential measurements, this can be achieved by using several low-cost measuring devices on vehicles that travel on the road network as part of their daily assignments. The presented work proves the hypothesis that a low cost measuring device can be built and can provide measurement results comparable to those obtained from expensive specialised measuring devices. As a proof of concept, two copies of a prototype device, based on the Raspberry Pi single-board computer, have been developed, built and tested. They use accelerometers to measure vehicle braking deceleration and include a global positioning receiver for obtaining the geolocation of each test. They run custom-developed data acquisition software on the Linux operating system and provide automatic measurement data transfer to a server. The operation is controlled by an intuitive user interface consisting of two illuminated physical pushbuttons. The results show that for braking tests and friction coefficient measurements the developed prototypes compare favourably to a widely used professional vehicle performance computer.


1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Sankar ◽  
M. O. M. Osman

This paper discusses a new approach for describing accurately the typology of manufactured surfaces. The method employs the theory of stochastic excursions to characterize the surface texture in the amplitude and lengthwise directions. The mathematical principle behind the approach is briefly explained, and it is shown that an accurate description of the roughness can be obtained from the knowledge of the intercept probabilities of the crest and valley excursions of the surface texture about any given level, say the CLA value, specified with respect to the mean line. Based on the preceding excursion probability densities, new surface texture parameters are proposed. These parameters may be computed directly from the surface roughness data obtained from commercially available measuring devices. On the basis of this investigation, it is feasible to develop a low-cost measuring device for “on-line” surface evaluation in production. It is also shown that the sampling length provides a geometrically well-defined filter characteristic similar to that of the rolling circle radius in the E-system.


Utilitas ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McNaughton ◽  
Piers Rawling

In recent years the distinction between agent-relative and agent-neutral reasons has been taken by many to play a key role in distinguishing deontology from consequentialism. It is central to all universalist consequentialist theories that value is determined impersonally; the real value of any state of affairs does not depend on the point of view of the agent. No reference, therefore, to the agent or to his or her position in the world need enter into a consequentialist understanding of what makes an action right or wrong or morally permissible. Consequentialism thus provides an agent-neutral account of both the right and the good.


1974 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 4-8

The managing director of the International Monetary Fund said recently that the world is facing ‘the most difficult combination of economic policy decisions since the reconstruction period following World War II’. It is unfortunate that action, so far, in the face of mounting inflation and balance of payments difficulties, has been at a national level rather than on the international level which the situation requires. In particular, there is still an urgent need to make concrete arrangements for dealing with the capital flows resulting from the rise in oil prices, and to offset the deflationary impact of the latter, while, unless aid is increased substantially, the plight of some developing countries will become increasingly desperate as the real value of existing aid flows is rapidly eroded by inflation, and as their oil bills fall due for payment. Nevertheless the restoration of oil supplies combined with the delay between the raising of prices and actual payments at the new rates seems to have induced an unwarranted mood of euphoria in the consuming countries in the first few months of this year.


1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 255-278
Author(s):  
John Gray

'For our house is our corner of the world ... it is our first universe, a real cosmos in every sense of the word.' Gaston Bachelard, The Poetics of Space 'We know more than we can tell.' Michael Polanyi, The Tacit Dimension The epigraphs encapsulate the two major themes of this paper. As Bachelard's quotation suggests, Chhetri houses are not simply functional places for everyday living. Instead, the house and its surrounding compound are also an encompassing cosmos in which Chhetris of the Kathmandu Valley dwell and come to understand its fundamental principles.1 In their everyday activities of preparing, cooking and eating rice, Chhetri Householders spatially configure their domestic compounds into mandalas-sacred diagrams that are simultaneously maps of the cosmos and machines for revealing the truth of cosmos as a fundamental unity. At the same time, such everyday dwelling in a domestic mandalas is productive of knowledge of the cosmos they represent. DOI: 10.3126/opsa.v11i0.3040 Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology Vol.11 2009 255-278


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Simson Manik ◽  
Abdul Muis Muslimin ◽  
Aries A. Subgan

Lux meter is a device used to measure the intensity of light in an area. The purpose of this thesis is to design a light intensity measuring device using LDR components as a light sensor, comparing light intensity measuring devices made using LDR sensors and Arduino Leonardo based microcontrollers with standard tools. The data used in this study are primary data. The data obtained is then processed using MS. Excel. The type of light bulbs used are Philips CFL (Philips Essential) lamps, each lamp having a power of 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 23, 27, 32, 35, and 50 watts with a luxmeter vertical distance of 1, 2 and 3 meters from the lamp. From the results of testing the tools and processing of comparative data between the Lux Meter Standard and the designed Lux ​​Meter obtained as follows: the vertical distance of the tool by 1 meter from the lamp produces an average error difference of 12,571 lx and the percentage of average errors the average is 8.77%, while for the vertical distance of the tool is 2 meters from the lamp the average error difference value is 2,358 lx and the average error percentage is 7.98%, and for the vertical tool distance is 3 meters from the lamp the difference in error value is an average of 0.92 lx and an average error percentage of 5.85%.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-2020) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quirós García

This research paper analyzes the functions of myth in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares mainly utilizing the scholarly contributions of Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell. In this analysis, the quester learns about the different functions of myth in the development of individuals as well as their need to complete cycles in life that will allow them to grow emotionally and psychologically. Kinnell’s use of imagery and unpretentious motifs of everyday living are enthralling; the “dead shoes, in the new light” allow readers to lose their way to find out who they are and what they want. XXI-century Western society has rendered the rites of passage it had previously upheld primitive. In a post-globalized era and a civilization that tends to favor capitalism and consumerism, although individuals encounter rites of passage and myth on a daily basis, they may be perceived as primeval and senseless. The book of nightmares discloses rites, rites of passage, and myths for the reader to discover opportunities of learning to mature in the world


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