US Navy Power Transformer Sizing Requirements Using Probabilistic Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Michael C. Robinson ◽  
Sara E. Wallace ◽  
David C. Woodward ◽  
Gene Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Demand Factor ◽  
Us Navy ◽  
Calculated Load ◽  
Electrical Loads

Sizing power transformers in US Navy ships is an issue that surfaced in the design of a new amphibious assault ship. Previous methods averaged the power output from generators over each transformer and calculated load based on a demand factor curve. This technique is not accurate enough in the contract design stages or for zonal architectures since it artificially averages the electrical loads. The proposed methodology uses a systems engineering approach, applying a probabilistic (Monte Carlo) analysis of the electrical loads at each transformer, based on the electrical load analysis (ELA). This methodology will allow the designer to incorporate risk mitigation into a radial or zonal electrical system design to verify adequacy and reduce cost through probability-based transformer sizing.

US Navy Power Transformer Sizing Requirements Using Probabilistic Analysis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Robinson ◽  
Sara E. Wallace ◽  
David C. Woodward ◽  
Gene Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Demand Factor ◽  
Us Navy ◽  
Calculated Load ◽  
Electrical Loads

Sizing power transformers in US Navy ships is an issue that surfaced in the design of a new Amphibious Assault Ship. Previous methods averaged the power output from generators over each transformer and calculated load based on a demand factor curve. This technique is not accurate enough in the contract design stages or for zonal architectures since it artificially averages the electrical loads. The proposed methodology uses a systems engineering approach, applying a probabilistic (Monte Carlo) analysis of the electrical loads at each transformer, based on the Electrical Load Analysis (ELA). This methodology will allow the designer to incorporate risk mitigation into a radial or zonal electrical system design to verify adequacy and reduce cost through probability based transformer sizing.

scholarly journals Design of a Power System Supervisory Control with Linear Optimization for Electrical Load Management in an Aircraft On-Board DC Microgrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8580
Author(s):  
Luigi Rubino ◽  
Guido Rubino ◽  
Paolo Conti
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Optimal Energy Management ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Board System

In modern aircraft, energy supply management has become a critical matter, since many aboard electrical loads have to be supplied, especially those related to flight safety. However, at the same time, the size and weight of electrical generators must be limited because of their on-board installation. In this paper, the Mixed Integrated Linear Programming (MILP) methodology has been used to formulate the Supervisor definition of the direct current (DC) microgrid (MG) on-board system with an extension for the programmable loads. Due to the problem of dimension increase, two methods have been presented and tested to perform optimal energy management (EM) aboard an aircraft: the Branch and Bound (B&B) and the Linear Regression Approximation (LRA). Finally, numerical simulations and results have been provided to validate the proposed optimization methodologies, according to the dimensions and the complexity of the problem.

Optimal Sizing Procedure for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems by Fuzzy Logic

2001 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Conti ◽  
G. Tina ◽  
C. Ragusa
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Optimal Sizing ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Electricity Cost

In this paper, an automatic procedure to perform the optimal sizing of a stand-alone solar electrical system with battery storage is developed by a fuzzy logic based multi-objective optimization approach. The procedure aims at finding the configuration that yields the best compromise for the two considered objectives: the long-term average performance and the overall cost of the generating system. In particular, the objectives of the optimization problem are: the maximization of the Supplied Load Fraction, that is the fraction of the actual electrical load that can be supplied by the system, and the minimization of the Relative Unit Electricity Cost, that is the net cost of generating each kWh during the lifetime of the stand-alone solar electrical system referred to the UEC calculated in case of loads supplied by the grid. The control variables are the solar cell array surface, the tilt angle of the modules, and the storage system capacity. The fuzzy multi-objective optimization procedure is described and the application results are presented considering different configurations characterized by some parameters, such as the electrical load, the yearly power demand, the distance from the utility grid, and the solar cells unit cost.

Using system engineering on an aircraft improvement project

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (1114) ◽  
pp. 813-820
Author(s):  
J. C. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
System Engineering ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Short Time Span ◽  
Trade Study

A complete system engineering process is applied to a pilot project that will determine the initial deployment of the system engineering process for future projects. It was a challenge to complete the entire systems engineering process to include project team utilisation of system engineering tools in such a short time span. Therefore, systems engineering products had to be useful and productive to the project. The system requirements definition, quality function deployment (QFD) evaluation, trade study, risk identification and risk mitigation processes were completed in a timely manner and assisted in the system eequirements, system design and preliminary design reviews successfully.

scholarly journals Testing at the U.S. Navy’s Gas Turbine Systems Engineering Complex: Part II

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Preisel
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
Electrical Generation

Full-scale testing has continued at the US Navy’s Gas Turbine Systems Engineering Complex. The test complex, which is based on the US Navy’s DDG-51 class propulsion plant, has fully transitioned from the construction phase to the testing phase. A complete LM 2500-based propulsion train exists, as well as an electrical generation, distribution and control system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update to last year’s test report, and to document the new tests and systems integration tasks that have taken place. Particular areas to be discussed include: - electrical system design, installation and testing - crew training and integrated plant operations - full-scale casualty control exercises - integration and testing of an Auxiliary Power Unit - control system upgrades and communication testing At the time that this paper is being written, final design approval has been given to move a second 2500 kW gas turbine generator to the test site. This will be a cogeneration system, since it has a waste heat recovery system installed in the exhaust system. The paper describes the plans for integrating this system into the gas turbine complex. The proposed electrical system test plan is also discussed. The paper concludes by outlining the component and system testing programs that are planned for the future. The future tests represent a continuing commitment to land based test sites and full scale integration testing.

scholarly journals Design, Development, Testing, and Operational Experience of the Allison Model AG9130 Ship Service Gas Turbine Generator Set

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E. Halsey ◽  
Dennis Russom
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Reduction Gear ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Air System

Allison has developed both an engine and a ship service gas turbine generator set (SSGTG) for use in the U.S. Navy DDG-51 destroyer program. The engine is the Model 501-K34, which uses the technology of the new generation of Allison 501 engines. The generator set is the Model AG9130, a totally self-contained package powered by the Model 501-K34. The design concepts and resulting design for the engine and generator set are provided, as well as an overview of the performance characteristics. The ship’s electrical system is discussed, and the role of the generator set in that system is defined. The design features of the generator set are given with further discussion of the main components (the engine, speed reduction gearbox, generator, base and enclosure) and the mechanical support systems for these components (the gas turbine lube oil system, reduction gear/generator lube oil system, fuel system, seawater cooling system, starting system, bleed air system, cooling air system, fire protection system, water wash and icing detection system, and the electrical system). A review of the testing for both the engine and the SSGTG at Allison Gas Turbine and the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station is presented. Installation and integration of the SSGTG into the ship closes the discussion.

scholarly journals Study of the efficiency of on-board electricity generation in the city bus

2017 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Łukasz GRABOWSKI ◽  
Mirosław WENDEKER ◽  
Grzegorz BARAŃSKI ◽  
Mariusz DUK
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Light Bulb ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
The City

This paper discusses the methodologies to investigate the efficiency of on-board electricity generation in the city bus. The research object, i.e. the Mercedes Conecto was tested under steady conditions. A chassis dynamometer, i.e. the MAHA LPS 3000 LKW provided the same conditions during the entire research. The paper presents the samples of the measurements performed at a single operating point of a given crankshaft speed and torque. This operating point was specified in line with the guidelines for the WHSC test. In our study, an electrical load was changed with an extra receiver, or a light bulb, at a fixed amount of fuel. The electrical loads were 0.4 kW, 1.6 kW and 2.8 kW. The research results enabled us to specify the amount of fuel to generate 1 kWh of electrical energy.

Phenomena Analysis of Ferroresonance and Self-Excitation in Subsea Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego De S. de Oliveira ◽  
Gustavo Cezimbra B. Leal ◽  
João Adolpho V. da Costa ◽  
Emanuel L. van Emmerik ◽  
Mauricio Aredes
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Synchronous Generators ◽  
Power Electronic Converters ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
Umbilical Cable ◽  
Base Network

This article addresses the study regarding the emergence of ferroresonance and selfexcitation phenomena in Subsea Power Systems - SPS, composed essentially of synchronous generators installed on a platform (Topside), a three-phase umbilical cable and the electrical loads, the latter constituted by induction machines located on the seabed and connected to the umbilical through a power transformer and power electronic converters. Such phenomena are conceptually stated and characterized in the scope of SPS and the simulations are carried out in the PSCAD/EMTDC software, in its parallel processing environment, to verify indications of the existence of problems in the base network of the subsea distribution system.

scholarly journals Prediction of the electrical load of the power system using neural networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 05026 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Nabiullin ◽  
R.N. Balobanov
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Network Training ◽  
Load Schedule ◽  
Electrical Loads

Prediction of the electrical load schedule of an electrical system is an important aspect for determining electrical loads, which ensures the correct selection and cost-effective operation of reactive power compensation devices and voltage control devices, as well as relay protection and automation. This article discusses methods for predicting electrical load using an artificial neural network. The problems of choosing the optimal architecture and algorithm of neural network training are considered. The methods of the best forecast accuracy are determined. A genetic algorithm based on the group method of data handling was chosen as the main calculation.

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