scholarly journals Discussion on the Claim That the Human Mind is a Computational Process Device

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
George Varvatsoulias
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Computational Process ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
Computational Processes

In this theoretical paper, there will be offered a short introduction to the various discussions around the claim that the human mind operates in terms of computational processes. A number of proponents who have discussed such a theory feature this assignment. Their ideas are presented, discussed and interrelated to the general discipline of cognitive psychology, where much of that claim has been and is being put under scrutiny. The main objective of this paper is to provide a concise understanding on the above thesis, which by the use of an extensive literature could be further explored both by students of human cognition as well as researchers who would like a presentation to the topic on the basis of some foundational elements regarding the mind's ability to operate as a computing metaphor.

scholarly journals Suffering as a State-of-Mind

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
LUCY R. FORREST
Keyword(s):  
Indian Philosophy ◽  
Concept Map ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Yoga Sutras ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Theoretical Paper

This theoretical paper is an attempt at exploring and understanding the convoluted concept of “suffering” according to the Indian philosophy, including Buddha, Patanjali, Sivananda, the Gita & Jainism. However, the three predominant schools of thought on suffering discussed in detail in the paper are Buddhism, Samkhya and Yoga, along with the concepts of dukha, purusha and prakriti, and the five afflictions mentioned in Patanjali’s Yoga sutras. Drawing from these theories of suffering the author has generated a concept map to facilitate one’s understanding about suffering, and finally, a pertinent conclusion has been drawn describing suffering as a state of mind that is free from the attachment of the transient and is just a fleeting thought of the human mind.

Managing Cognitive Load in the Design of Assistive Technology for Those with Learning Disabilities

2010 ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boaventura DaCosta ◽  
Soonhwa Seok
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Effective Learning Environments

This is the second of three chapters serving as the introduction to this handbook which addresses the relationship between human cognition and assistive technologies and its design for individuals with cognitive disabilities. In this chapter the authors present strategies to manage cognitive load in the design of instructional materials for those with learning disabilities. The authors introduce cognitive load theory, which proposes a set of instructional principles grounded in human information processing research that can be leveraged in the creation of efficient and effective learning environments. They attempt to separate conjecture and speculation from empirically-based study and consolidate more than twenty-five years of research to highlight the best ways in which to increase learning. Altogether, the authors affirm the approach discussed in the last chapter—that technology for learning should be created with an understanding of design principles empirically supported by how the human mind works, particularly when it comes to the design of assistive technologies for individuals with learning disabilities.

From Psychology to Philosophy

Prejudice ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Endre Begby
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Epistemic Normativity ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Capacity Limitations ◽  
Ideal Approach

Calls to develop a framework for ‘non-ideal epistemology’ have recently gained traction in philosophical discourse, but little detail has yet been offered as to what this might involve. This chapter aims to remedy this shortcoming, both as a broader theoretical development and with specific view toward the epistemology of prejudice. Specifically,this chapter develops the notion of non-ideal epistemology along two dimensions. Along one dimension, constraints arising from distinctive capacity limitations of the human mind (“endogenous non-ideality”) are considered. In another dimension, constraints arising from specific limitations on the information environments that epistemic agents are forced to operate within (“exogenous non-ideality”) are considered. Taking a non-ideal approach to epistemology does not, however, mean giving up on epistemic normativity altogether: to the contrary, this chapter argues that non-ideal epistemology provides the only way for such norms to provide a genuine critical grip on human cognition at all.

Human Cognition and Emotion using Physio Psychological Approach : A Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Amutha ◽  
Bobin Kurian ◽  
Karthick Nanmaran, ◽  
N. Parvathi ◽  
G. Sivagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
The Military

A soldier’s responsibility in the military includes his physical and mental attitudes which makes him to support the army in a full-fledged manner. This type of human dimension recognizes Soldier readiness from training proficiency to motivation for the Army’s future success. It introduces the concept of holistic fitness, a comprehensive combination of the whole person, including all components of the human dimension as a triad of moral, cognitive and physical components. The human dimension concept is directly related to the human mind and memory system. In this research, a system which will be capable of recognizing human emotions based on physiological parameters of a human body is discussed. The data from the system is fed to a computer where it is stored. Stored information regarding human parameters is retrieved and classified using support vector machine to generate a data set about the various emotions the human poses at a specific situation. The emotion, thus calculated is grouped to generate a grade for his present status. This grade is used to recommend the suitable working environment for the person.

Consciousness

2020 ◽  
pp. 651-676
Author(s):  
David Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
Computational Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Our understanding of the numerous and significant problems of consciousness is inseparable from the often incommensurable disciplinary frameworks through which the topic has been approached. Music may offer a range of perspectives on consciousness, some issuing from interdisciplinary alliances (such as with cognitive psychology and neuroscience), others tapping into what is distinctively musical about music and what music shares with comparable aesthetic formations. Philosophically speaking, music might afford valuable complementary perspectives to approaches within the empirical sciences that see consciousness as essentially a computational process (Pinker, Dennett), or as solely an epiphenomenon of neural activity within the brain. This chapter will look to experiences of music that support views of the mind as extended and embodied, and that see consciousness as ecologically bound up with Being-in-the-world, to adopt notions from Gibson and Heidegger respectively. In this way, music studies can make a contribution to the philosophical study of consciousness from epistemological, phenomenological, and ontological standpoints.

scholarly journals Building and Applying a Human Cognition Model for Visual Analytics

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tera Marie Green ◽  
William Ribarsky ◽  
Brian Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Higher Cognition ◽  
Cognition Model ◽  
Computational Processes ◽  
Visual Interfaces

It is well known that visual analytics addresses the difficulty of evaluating and processing large quantities of information. Less often discussed are the increasingly complex analytic and reasoning processes that must be applied in order to accomplish that goal. Success of the visual analytics approach will require us to develop new visualization models that predict how computational processes might facilitate human insight and guide the flow of human reasoning. In this paper, we seek to advance visualization methods by proposing a framework for human ‘higher cognition’ that extends more familiar perceptual models. Based on this approach, we suggest guidelines for the development of visual interfaces that better integrate complementary capabilities of humans and computers. Although many of these recommendations are novel, some can be found in existing visual analytics applications. In the latter case, much of the value of our contribution lies in the deeper rationale that the model provides for those principles. Lastly, we assess these visual analytics guidelines through the evaluation of several visualization examples.

Weather Forecasting by Humans—Heuristics and Decision Making

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Doswell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Weather Forecasters ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Considerable Insight

Abstract The decision-making literature contains considerable information about how humans approach tasks involving uncertainty using heuristics. Although there is some reason to believe that weather forecasters are not identical in all respects to the typical subjects used in judgment and decision-making studies, there also is evidence that weather forecasters are not so different that the existing understanding of human cognition as it relates to making decisions is entirely inapplicable to weather forecasters. Accordingly, some aspects of cognition and decision making are reviewed and considered in terms of how they apply to human weather forecasters, including biases introduced by heuristics. Considerable insight into human forecasting could be gained by applying available studies of the cognitive psychology of decision making. What few studies exist that have used weather forecasters as subjects suggest that further work might well be productive in terms of helping to guide the improvement of weather forecasts by humans. It is concluded that a multidisciplinary approach, involving disciplines outside of meteorology, needs to be developed and supported if there is to be a future role for humans in forecasting the weather.

Brain Basis of Human Social Interaction: From Concepts to Brain Imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta Hari ◽  
Miiamaaria V. Kujala
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
And Behavior

Modern neuroimaging provides a common platform for neuroscience and related disciplines to explore the human brain, mind, and behavior. We base our review on the social shaping of the human mind and discuss various aspects of brain function related to social interaction. Despite private mental contents, people can share their understanding of the world using, beyond verbal communication, nonverbal cues such as gestures, facial expressions, and postures. The understanding of nonverbal messages is supported by the brain's mirroring systems that are shaped by individual experience. Within the organism-environment system, tight links exist between action and perception, both within an individual and between several individuals. Therefore, any comprehensive brain imaging study of the neuronal basis of social cognition requires appreciation of the situated and embodied nature of human cognition, motivating simultaneous monitoring of brain and bodily functions within a socially relevant environment. Because single-person studies alone cannot unravel the dynamic aspects of interpersonal interactions, it seems both necessary and beneficial to move towards “two-person neuroscience”; technological shortcomings and a limited conceptual framework have so far hampered such a leap. We conclude by discussing some major disorders of social interaction.

"What's HIDD'n in the HADD?"

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 341-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Lisdorf
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Cognitive Science Of Religion ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Parsimonious Explanation ◽  
Science Of Religion

AbstractThe consensus in the cognitive science of religion is that some sort of hyperactive agency detection in the human mind is responsible for the origin and spread of beliefs in superhuman agents such as gods, spirits and ancestors among human populations. While it is expressed differently in different authors, they all agree that hyperactive agency detection is a basic function of human cognition. Most well known perhaps is the formulation of this by Justin Barrett as the Hyperactive Agency Detection Device or HADD. Problems, however, arise when we begin to consider the neural basis of this: It doesn't add up, or more precisely the HADD does not work that way. Like the magician pulling rabbits from the hat this explanation may be a "self"-conjuring trick, only for us the hat is a HADD and the rabbits are superhuman agents (no reference to were-rabbits intended). This paper will try to point to a more parsimonious explanation.

scholarly journals Cognitive Psychology of Activity: Attention as a Constructive Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Maria Falikman ◽  
Alexander Asmolov
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Perceptual Task ◽  
Image Generation ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Constructive Process ◽  
Cultural Historical Activity ◽  
Human Awareness

The problem of consciousness is one of the core problems in the contemporary cogni-tive science. Driven by the neuroimaging boom, most researchers look for the neural correlates or signatures of consciousness and awareness in the human brain. However, we believe that the explanatory potential of the cultural-historical activity approach to this problem is far from being exhausted. We propose Cognitive Psychology of Activity research program, or the activity theory-based constructivism as an attempt to account for multiple phenomena of human awareness and attention. This approach relies upon cultural-historical psychology and the concept of mediation by Lev S. Vygotsky, activity theory and the concept of image generation by Alexey N. Leontiev, the physiology of ac-tivity and the metaphor of movement construction by Nikolai A. Bernstein, transferred to the psychology of perception as image construction by a number of Russian researchers in 1960-es, and the understanding of attention as action by evolutionary cognitive psy-chologists of 1980-es. The central concept of our approach is a concept of task, defined by Leontiev as “a goal assigned in specific circumstances”. The goal determines choice and use of available cultural means (“mediators”) consistent with the circumstances or conditions of task performance, which in turn provide for the construction of processing units allowing for more successful (“attentive”) performance and for the awareness of visual stimuli which could otherwise be missed or ignored. The perceptual task accom-plishment is controlled at several levels organized heterarchically, with possible strategic reorganizations of this system demonstrating the constructive nature of human cognition.

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