scholarly journals Squeezing the Nonprofit Sector

2015 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Daniel Levy
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
Profit Growth

The growth of the for-profit sector combines with a partial public sector resurgence to squeeze the nonprofit sector, which for decades had increased its global enrollment share. The for-profit growth relates to competitive advantages in prioritizing the labor market while the public move involves accelerated access missions, changing demographics, and policies of competitive marketization.

scholarly journals Studying Hybrids: Sectors and Mechanisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Seibel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Alternative Perspective

The present paper introduces and compares two alternative perspectives on hybridity. One is the perspective of hybrids being located at the interface of dominant ‘sectors’ such as the private for-profit sector, the public sector and the civil society or nonprofit sector. The alternative perspective focuses on a combination of sector-specific governance mechanisms. The paper discusses the characteristics as well as the advantages and disadvantages of those two perspectives and what a combination of both implies for further research with an emphasis on the analysis of organizational pathologies and managerial coping.

scholarly journals The DEA Method and its Application Possibilities for Measuring Efficiency in the Public Sector—The Case of Local Public Employment Services

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ewa Cichowicz ◽  
Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska ◽  
Monika Dędys ◽  
Maria Ekes
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measuring Efficiency ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Unemployed

Public Employment Services (PES) are identified as important institutions in the process of improving the match between supply and demand in the labor market, which, despite their importance, still do not achieve the desired efficiency. The indicated problem is partly due to the lack of appropriate evaluation methods for the applied labor market policy instruments. This paper aims to verify the possibility of using the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method in measuring the efficiency of public sector entities. The authors focused on 39 PES operating in Mazovia province, Poland in 2019. In the first stage, the model of technical efficiency of local PES included six variables (four inputs and two outputs). Only seven PES obtained full efficiency. The inefficiency of analyzed PES varied from about 1% to 80%. In the second stage, the attention focuses on the relationship between true unknown efficiency and its determinants (five environmental variables, both demand and supply oriented). Then, the regression coefficients and confidence intervals showed that three out of five variables influence the efficiency results, the share of the long-term unemployed, the share of the unemployed under 30, and the share of the unemployed over 50 in the total number of unemployed.

scholarly journals Gewerkschaftssterben in Kolumbien

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (130) ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Raul Zelik
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Labor Unions ◽  
The Public

The persecution of labor unionists by paramilitarian groups, the policy of deregulation of the labor market, and the criminalization of labor unions in the public sector seem to pursue the same strategy, Its aim is the weakening or disappearance of organizations that resist a policy which is friendly to (transnational) capital. The 200 murders that are committed every year against Colombian unionists, in that sense, are not only a result of civil war, The article reads the violence in Colombia as an appearance of globalization process.

Marketisation and Privatisation in Criminal Justice

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Impact

Criminal justice used to be thought of as a field autonomous from politics and the economy, with the management of crime and punishment being seen as essentially the responsibility of government. However, in recent decades, policies have been adopted which blur the institutional boundaries and functions of the public sector with those of for-profit and civil society interests in many parts of the penal/welfare complex. The impact of these developments on society is contested: Proponents of the ‘neo-liberal penality thesis’ argue economic deregulation, welfare retrenchment, individualised choices – and associated responsibility – may be aligned by market forces into efficient delivery of ‘law and order’. Set against the neo-liberal penal position are arguments that the corporate sector may be no more efficient in delivering criminal justice services than is the public sector, and reliance on the profit motive to deliver criminal justice may lead to perverse incentivisation of NGOs or state agencies. It is to this debate we add our contribution. Criminal justice is an ideal sector in which to consider the implications arising from the differing incentive structures held by different institutions, both private and public, citizens, governments, social enterprise and the corporate sector. All agree on the need for criminal justice, even as they compete in the policy sphere to dictate its form and delivery.

scholarly journals Employment targeting in a frictional labor market

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Ghate ◽  
Debojyoti Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Search And Matching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public

Purpose Governments in both developing and developed economies play an active role in labor markets in the form of providing both formal public sector jobs and employment through public workfare programs. The authors refer to this as employment targeting. The purpose of the paper is to consider different labor market effects of employment targeting in a stylized model of a developing economy. In the context of a simple search and matching friction model, the authors show that the propensity for the public sector to target more employment can increase the unemployment rate in the economy and lead to an increase in the size of the informal sector. Design/methodology/approach The model is an application of a search and matching model of labor market frictions, where agents have heterogeneous abilities. The authors introduce a public sector alongside the private sector in the economy. Wage in the private sector is determined through Nash bargaining, whereas the public sector wage is exogenously fixed. In this setup, the public sector hiring rate influences private sector job creation and hence the overall employment rate of the economy. As an extension, the authors model the informal sector coupled with the other two sectors. This resembles developing economies. Then, the authors check the overall labor market effects of employment targeting through public sector intervention. Findings In the context of a simple search and matching friction model with heterogeneous agents, the authors show that the propensity for the public sector to target more employment can increase the unemployment rate in the economy and lead to an increase in the size of the informal sector. Employment targeting can, therefore, have perverse effects on labor market outcomes. The authors also find that it is possible that the private sector wage falls as a result of an increase in the public sector hiring rate, which leads to more job creation in the private sector. Originality/value What is less understood in the literature is the impact of employment targeting on the size of the informal sector in developing economies. The authors fill this gap and show that public sector intervention can have perverse effects on overall job creation and the size of the informal sector. Moreover, a decrease in the private sector wage due to a rise in public sector hiring reverses the consensus findings in the search and matching literature which show that an increase in public sector employment disincentivizes private sector vacancy postings.

The funding status of retiree health plans in the public sector

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT L. CLARK ◽  
MELINDA SANDLER MORRILL
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Health Plans ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
Retirement Benefit ◽  
Unfunded Liabilities

AbstractWhile no longer common in the private sector, most public sector employers offer retiree health insurance (RHI) as a retirement benefit to their employees. While these plans are thought to be an important tool for employers to attract, retain, motivate, and ultimately retire workers, they represent a large and growing cost. This paper reviews what is currently known about RHI in the public sector, while highlighting many important unanswered questions. The analysis is informed by data produced in accordance with the 2004 Government Accounting Standards Board Rule 45 (GASB 45). We consider the extent of the unfunded liabilities states face and explore what factors may explain the variation in liabilities across states. The importance and sustainability of RHI plans in the public sector ultimately depend on how workers view and value this post-retirement benefit, yet little is known about how RHI directly impacts the public sector labor market. We conclude with a discussion of the future of RHI plans in the public sector.

Organizational Commitment across Three Sectors: Public, Non-profit, and For-profit

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel R. Goulet ◽  
Margaret L. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Two Sectors

This study examines organizational commitment of workers in three sectors: public, non-profit and for-profit. Previous work in this area has been limited to the study of organizational commitment in one sector, or a comparison between only two sectors. In order to examine organizational commitment across the three sectors, 228 employees in public sector, non-profit sector, and for-profit sector organizations were surveyed. The results indicate that for-profit workers were the most committed to their organizations, followed by non-profit employees. Workers with the lowest levels of organizational commitment were those in the public sector. Explanations for and the significance of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis control activities in the private and public health sectors of Kenya from 2013 to 2017: how do they compare?

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 740-748
Author(s):  
Eunice W Mailu ◽  
Philip Owiti ◽  
Serge Ade ◽  
Anthony D Harries ◽  
Marcel Manzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Private And Public

Abstract Background Large numbers of tuberculosis (TB) patients seek care from private for-profit providers. This study aimed to assess and compare TB control activities in the private for-profit and public sectors in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using routinely collected data from the National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Program. Results Of 421 409 patients registered and treated between 2013 and 2017, 86 894 (21%) were from the private sector. Data collection was less complete in the private sector for nutritional assessment and follow-up sputum smear examinations (p<0.001). The private sector notified less bacteriologically confirmed TB (43.1% vs 52.6%; p<0.001) and had less malnutrition (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2; 36.4% vs 43.3%; p<0.001) than the public sector. Rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation were >95% and >90%, respectively, in both sectors, but more patients were HIV positive in the private sector (39.6% vs 31.6%; p<0.001). For bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB, cure rates were lower in the private sector, especially for HIV-negative patients (p<0.001). The private sector had an overall treatment success of 86.3% as compared with the public sector at 85.7% (p<0.001). Conclusions The private sector is performing well in Kenya although there are programmatic challenges that need to be addressed.

scholarly journals Paediatric and obstetric outcomes at a faith-based hospital during the 100-day public sector physician strike in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e000665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Adam ◽  
Sarah Muma ◽  
Jecinter Achieng Modi ◽  
Mardi Steere ◽  
Nate Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Patient Admissions ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Physician Care

Published reviews of national physician strikes have shown a reduction in patient mortality. From 5 December 2016 until 14 March 2017, Kenyan physicians in the public sector went on strike leaving only private (not-for-profit and for-profit) hospitals able to offer physician care. We report on our experience at AIC-Kijabe Hospital, a not-for-profit, faith-based Kenyan hospital, before, during and after the 100-day strike was completed by examining patient admissions and deaths in the time periods before, during and after the strike. The volume of patients increased and exceeded the hospital’s ability to respond to needs. There were substantial increases in sick newborn admissions during this time frame and an additional ward was opened to respond to this need. Increased need occurred across all services but staffing and space limited ability to respond to increased demand. There were increases in deaths during the strike period across the paediatric medical, newborn, paediatric surgical and obstetric units with an OR (95% CI) of death of 3.9 (95% CI 2.3 to 6.4), 4.1 (95% CI 2.4 to 7.1), 7.9 (95% CI 3.2 to 20) and 3.2 (95% CI 0.39 to 27), respectively. Increased mortality across paediatric and obstetrical services at AIC-Kijabe Hospital correlated with the crippling of healthcare delivery in the public sector during the national physicians’ strike in Kenya.

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