IMPLEMENTATION OF LEBESGUE SAMPLING METHOD AND DIGITAL SENSORS FOR CONTROLLING THE LEVEL VARIABLE IN A CONTINUOUS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. [14 P.]-[14 P.]
Author(s):  
MAURICIO PÉREZ ARCILA ◽  
MARTIN ALONSO TAMAYO VELEZ
Keyword(s):  
Continuous System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Level System ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Digital Output ◽  
The Real ◽  
Binary Sensor ◽  
System Output ◽  
Level Process

This study aims to show that the continuous control from a level system can be efficiently measured and controlled using capacitive digital binary sensors, which in this case, replace the measurement signal from an analog differential pressure transmitter in a level control system. The binary sensors low cost and the digital output they process allow the reproduction of a correct signal and the estimation of a variable for controlling the water level inside the process tank through a proportional pneumatic level control valve, which receives the control signal from the Lebesgue sampling estimation algorithm applied herein for processing digital measurements. In this particular case, the Lebesgue algorithm is applied to reproduce the estimation of values obtained from the continuous signal in the real level process for the measurement and control. Also, are compared both, simulated and real outputs obtained using the Lebesgue algorithm and digital sensors, which were applied to a state observer controller that relates digital signals for controlling the real level system output. The application of the Lebesgue algorithm in the real level process concludes that the analog level signal can be efficiently reproduced using this method. In addition, the controller enables the system to smoothly conduct digital output processing using digital sensors to control the system output correctly, validating that not only analog sensors should be applied for controlling the output of proportional actuators, because it is shown that digital binary signals can be used for controlling and emulating continuous signals, which were processed and applied to the pneumatic valve. Keywords: Lebesgue sampling, estimation, binary sensor, observer controller, finite state machine, continuous system, control, LTI systems, identification, state variable, estimated output, proportional actuator

scholarly journals Hardware in the Loop Platform for Testing Photovoltaic System Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8690
Author(s):  
Víctor Samano-Ortega ◽  
Alfredo Padilla-Medina ◽  
Micael Bravo-Sanchez ◽  
Elías Rodriguez-Segura ◽  
Alonso Jimenez-Garibay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Real System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Hill Climbing ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
System Control ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
The Real ◽  
Point Tracking

The hardware in the loop (HIL) technique allows you to reproduce the behavior of a dynamic system or part of it in real time. This quality makes HIL a useful tool in the controller validation process and is widely used in multiple areas including photovoltaic systems (PVSs). This study presents the development of an HIL system to emulate the behavior of a PVS that includes a photovoltaic panel (PVP) and a DC-DC boost converter connected in series. The emulator was embedded into an NI-myRIO development board that operates with an integration time of 10 µs and reproduces the behavior of the real system with a mean percent error of 2.0478%, compared to simulation results. The implemented emulator is proposed as a platform for the validation of control systems. With it, the experimental stage is carried out on two controllers connected to the PVS without having the real system and allowing to emulate different operating conditions. The first controller is based on the Hill Climbing algorithm for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), the second is a proportional integral (PI) controller for voltage control. Both controllers generate settling times of less than 3 s; the MPPT controller generates variations in the output in steady state inherent to the algorithm used. For both cases, the comparison of the experimental results with those obtained through software simulation show that the platform fulfills its usefulness when evaluating control systems.

A Comparison of Shape/Object Displays, Quasi Shape Displays, and Conventional Univariate Indicators: Integration Benefits or the “Nearer to Thee” Effect?

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis B. Beringer ◽  
Steven E. Chrísman
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Secondary System ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Information Display ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Rate Information

The performance of a complex task, such as piloting an aircraft, requires an operator to effectively process and integrate information from numerous sources. Recent efforts (Beringer, 1985; 1986) have examined the combining of integrated displays to provide both continuous-system-control information and secondary system status/rate information. The present effort reported herein is an attempt to determine the origin of benefits that accrue from shape/object displays; specifically whether they stem from cognitively based integration of information or merely physical proximity of the information. This study examined several formats of information display using conventional (univariate needle indicators) and nonconventional (polar histograms and polar polygons) formats for presenting multiple univariate indices. Some flight control parameters and out-of-tolerance detection rates were affected by the format of the peripheral display while these performance measures plus processing rate of a digit-cancelling side task were affected by flight difficulty (two axes versus three axes; effect in the expected direction). Performance with the polar histogram display was superior in all cases followed closely by performance with the polar polygons, the multiple nonpolar univariate indicators (needles) being least effective for the differentiation task. This suggests that the shape/object displays do allow integration of information beyond that found with simple physical proximity of univariate indicators. A continuation of this research is addressing the problem of system diagnostics using these formats.

scholarly journals How to Train Your Quadrotor: A Framework for Consistently Smooth and Responsive Flight Control via Reinforcement Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Siddharth Mysore ◽  
Bassel Mabsout ◽  
Kate Saenko ◽  
Renato Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Attitude Control ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Hardware Failure ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Reduced Power Consumption

We focus on the problem of reliably training Reinforcement Learning (RL) models (agents) for stable low-level control in embedded systems and test our methods on a high-performance, custom-built quadrotor platform. A common but often under-studied problem in developing RL agents for continuous control is that the control policies developed are not always smooth. This lack of smoothness can be a major problem when learning controllers as it can result in control instability and hardware failure. Issues of noisy control are further accentuated when training RL agents in simulation due to simulators ultimately being imperfect representations of reality—what is known as the reality gap . To combat issues of instability in RL agents, we propose a systematic framework, REinforcement-based transferable Agents through Learning (RE+AL), for designing simulated training environments that preserve the quality of trained agents when transferred to real platforms. RE+AL is an evolution of the Neuroflight infrastructure detailed in technical reports prepared by members of our research group. Neuroflight is a state-of-the-art framework for training RL agents for low-level attitude control. RE+AL improves and completes Neuroflight by solving a number of important limitations that hindered the deployment of Neuroflight to real hardware. We benchmark RE+AL on the NF1 racing quadrotor developed as part of Neuroflight. We demonstrate that RE+AL significantly mitigates the previously observed issues of smoothness in RL agents. Additionally, RE+AL is shown to consistently train agents that are flight capable and with minimal degradation in controller quality upon transfer. RE+AL agents also learn to perform better than a tuned PID controller, with better tracking errors, smoother control, and reduced power consumption. To the best of our knowledge, RE+AL agents are the first RL-based controllers trained in simulation to outperform a well-tuned PID controller on a real-world controls problem that is solvable with classical control.

scholarly journals Design and Control of Nonlinear Hybrid Tank Process using Conventional Controllers in Petrochemical Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Keyword(s):  
Linear Process ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
And Control ◽  
Matlab Programming ◽  
Petrochemical Industries ◽  
Nonlinear Hybrid ◽  
The Ideal

In this paper the plan of customary controllers, which can be utilized for the control of non-straight frameworks to give an ideal degree of a nonlinear tank. The non linear process takes up for the examination is Hybrid tanks due to its utilization in the field of Pharmaceutical, petro chemical ect., Its non-linearity is because of the cross sectional conduct of the procedure because of the departure of items without wastage is conceivable. The shut circle execution are resolved to get the ideal level control utilizing customary P , PI, PID controllers for different systems like Ziegler Nicholas and Cohen coon technique. The real preferred position of this strategy is straightforwardness. Reproduction results utilizing MATLAB programming to decide the outperformance of controller strategies.

scholarly journals THE MECHANISM OF SYSTEMATIC COORDINATION AND HARMONIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF DEVELOPMENT IN REGIONS AND MUNICIPALITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
В. Василенко ◽  
V. Vasilenko
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Level System ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Real ◽  
Hierarchical Relationship ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Basic Level

The current research features coordination of strategic aims and tasks in the strategic planning documents of regional development. The mechanism of systematic coordination and harmonization of development parameters for the different territories is meant to consider the real economic interests of the state, regions, communities and individual citizens. In a hierarchical relationship, such a mechanism of systematic coordination and harmonization can be represented as a multi-level system. The toplevel is that of the state, where parameters for the development of the country as a whole, as well as individual regions and industries are defined. The next level is regional; it deals with development parameters of the region in general and its territories. The basic level is local: it defines parameters for the development of particular territories with consideration of interests of the territorial community and individual citizens. An important condition of this coordination is both vertical and horizontal components of territorial dimension.

scholarly journals SISTEM ADMINISTRASI AKADEMIK JURUSAN D3 AKUNTANSI BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Sri Musmini ◽  
Ni Ketut Kertiasih
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Real System ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Academic Administration ◽  
Development Method ◽  
The Real ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
System Input ◽  
System Output

AbstrakPerkembangan teknologi informasi dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh sistem administrasi akademik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem administrasi akademik berbasis teknologi informasi Jurusan D3 Akuntansi Undiksha.Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan, dalam hal ini studi kasus pengembangan sebuah sistem administrasi akademik berbasis teknologi pada Jurusan D3 Akuntansi.Hasil penelitian ini adalah analisis sistem, yang terdiri dari analisis kelemahan dan kebutuhan sistem, dan desain sistem, yang terdiri dari desain konteks, flowchart, dan desain sistem riil. Sistem yang dikembangkan terkait dengan kegiatan akademik mahasiswa, dosen, dan jurusan. Akses input sistem dapat dilakukan oleh mahasiswa, dosen, dan administrasi, sedangkan akses output sistem dapat dilakukan oleh dosen dan administrasi. Administrasi jurusan dalam penelitian ini adalah sekretaris jurusan. Informasi yang diperoleh dari sistem adalah kegiatan akademik mahasiswa, dosen, dan jurusan pada Jurusan D3 Akuntansi. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah sistem adminstrasi akademik jurusan yang semakin efektif dan efisien. Kata kunci: Sistem, Administrasi Akademik, dan Teknologi Informasi AbstractThe purpose of this research is to develop academic administration system based on technology information for D3 Accounting Department, Undiksha.The method used in this research is the development method with case study to develop academic administration system based on technology information at the Department of Accounting D3.The results are the analysis of the system, which consists of the analysis of the weaknesses and needs of the system, and the design of the system, which consists of the design context, flowchart, and the design of the real system. The system developed and obtained information related to academic activities of students, lecturer, and department. Access to system input can be done by students, lecturer, and administration, while access to the system output can be done by the lecturer and administration. Administration majoring in this research is the department secretary. Implication of this research is the major system of academic administration more effective and efficient. Keywords : Systems, Academic Administration, and Information Technology

scholarly journals Robust two-level system control by a detuned and chirped laser pulse

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlae Jo ◽  
Han-gyeol Lee ◽  
Stéphane Guérin ◽  
Jaewook Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
System Control ◽  
Level System ◽  
Chirped Laser Pulse

A Hierarchical Coordinated Control Method for Low Voltage Micro-Grid in Intelligent Community

2012 ◽  
Vol 263-266 ◽  
pp. 545-552
Author(s):  
Yi Rong Su ◽  
Shuang Hu Wang ◽  
Bing Wen Wang ◽  
Hai Long Bao
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Control Function ◽  
System Control ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Operation Control ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Intelligent Community ◽  
And Control

The operation control of the micro-grid system is the foundation to protect micro-grid equipment, to realize associate control and optimize economic operation. Looking on Chenjiazhen micro-grid in Shanghai as model, the paper set three hierarchical controls: protection control, micro-grid coordinated controller control which can achieve millisecond time precision and intelligent community energy management system control. Different level control function has been divided. Control functions in all levels complement each other and collaborate together to achieve the coordination and control of micro-grid running.

Decoupling Compensation Using in the Hydraulic-Servo System of Mould

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1526-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Li ◽  
Xiong Zhou ◽  
Xiao Gang Deng
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Servo System ◽  
Mutual Interference ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Compensation Control ◽  
Hydraulic Servo ◽  
System Output ◽  
Hydraulic Servo System ◽  
And Control

The hydraulic-servo system of mould is a typical two-dimensional hydraulic-servo system, what stored among pass way was handed in and uniting interfering with between every pass way of the system. Because of the connection of the load system, output and control of every pass way influencing each other, cause the coupling of load, influence the system, even cause the systematic instability. This text apply on coupling and decoupling principle, mutual interference problem of many pass way that exists in the hydraulic system of mould, is studied by decoupling compensation control. Through the theory pushing over, we bring forward the decoupling compensation method, which can solve mutual interference problem. Have verified the feasibility of this method in the real artificial experiment too, and can solve mutual interference problem in the hydraulic and systematic of mould effectively.

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