scholarly journals EFFECT OF NANODIAMONDS ON OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FILLED COMPOSITE MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Burdikova ◽  
Sergey S. Ivshin ◽  
Alina A. Ivshina ◽  
Lyubov A. Zenitova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Diamond Powder ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Destructive Processes

The paper presents the results of a study evaluating the effect of the addition of nanosized detonation diamond of the NA-SP brand on the characteristics of a filled polymer composition based on SKU PFL-100 prepolymer manufactured by Kazan Synthetic Rubber Plant JSC cured by 4,4'-methylene-bis-orthochloraniline. The scale of heterogeneity of the carbon powder was estimated. It is shown that the studied additive allows you to create a fairly dense and developed structure in a dispersion medium. The discussion of interfacial interaction at the nanodiamond – polyurethane interface is carried out, as well as the influence of the carbon nature of the filler particles. A possible chemical interaction between the functional groups of the prepolymer, hardener and particles of the studied additives is shown. The results of the experimental evaluation show that the combination of chemistry features (the presence of functional groups) and the mechanics of nanodiamond powder affects both the physical and mechanical properties of the filled polyurethane composition and its thermal stability. It was found that the introduction of up to 1% detonation diamond allows to increase the strength and stiffness of the polymer by approximately 2 times. As a result of the approximation of the experimental data, quadratic dependences of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the filled polyurethane system on the content of nanoscale diamonds in the range 0 - 1% (mass.) were obtained. The results of thermogravimetric analysis show that the introduction of 1% (mass.) detonation diamond powder can increase the temperature of destructive processes by about 20 °С. Anomalies in the dynamics of the process of dissociation of filled polyurethane are noted. It has been suggested that the introduction of detonation diamond leads to the initiation of secondary synthesis reactions with the formation of allophate and biuret groups with low temperature stability.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF COMPOSITE MIXTURES FOR MANUFACTURING SHIP CABLEWARE MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
K. V. Raev ◽  
N. V. Chernousova
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Aggressive Environment ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Composite Mixture

The purpose of this work was to develop a modified polymeric composite mixture for the manufacture of the outer shell of a ship's cable operating under conditions of aggressive environment and increased fire hazard. The performed research resulted in the analysis of the basic polymeric composite mixtures. A complex of the most important technical and operational characteristics of the cable shell was formed. These characteristics are wear resistance, oil resistance and fire safety. On the basis of these assumptions a new polymer composition based on chloropolyethylene TYRIN CM 3630E with an increased oxygen index and improved physical and mechanical properties was developed. Modification of the mixture was carried out by increasing the mass fraction of flame-retardant additives and adding stabilizers to the mixture. Thanks to a balanced combination of technical and operational properties the use of the developed compound will increase the cable service life and operating time and will reduce the overall weight of the cable by using conductors of a smaller cross-section at a higher operating temperature.

Effect of Palm Kernel Meal as Melamine Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive Extender for Plywood Application: Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huei Ruey Ong ◽  
Reddy Prasad ◽  
Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md. Najmul Kabir Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

Increased demand for wood adhesives, environmental concerns, and the uncertainty of continuing availability of petrochemicals have led to recent attention on protein-based adhesives. This study was conducted to investigate the physico-chemical interaction of palm kernel meal (PKM) with melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins in adhesive formulation by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The effect of hot press on PKM extender has been investigated by FTIR and blue shift is observed due to the hot press indicating that the functional groups (such as C=O, -OH and NH) are become more free in the samples. In the case of PKM-MUF blend bonding interactions observed where, PKM played the role as an extender. Red shift of C=O and N-H groups stretching in PKM-MUF-Wood blend is observed which suggests the interaction of these functional groups through hydrogen bonding. The results suggest that PKM extender-based MUF adhesive resins have potential application for the production of exterior plywood.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF CROSS-LINKING AGENTS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL GRID AND PROPERTIES OF URETHANE POLYMER

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Inna Slepchuk ◽  
Olga Ya. Semeshko ◽  
Yuliya G. Saribekova ◽  
Irina N. Kulish ◽  
Igor V. Gorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Glycidyl Ethers ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Spatial Grid

Results of study of influence of amount of functional groups of glycidyl ethers on characteristics of the spatial grid of crosslinked polyurethane polymer are presented. Parameters of a three-dimensional spatial grid of investigated samples of polymeric films and their physical and mechanical properties were determined by a method of equilibrium swelling in organic solvents.

scholarly journals PLA/PHA-Biodegradable Blends for Pneumothermic Fabrication of Nonwovens

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztofa Szuman ◽  
Izabella Krucińska ◽  
Maciej Boguń ◽  
Zbigniew Draczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Abstract This study presents the results of research concerning fabrication of nonwovens from biodegradable polymer blends using the melt-blown method. The experiments performed within the framework of the research confirmed the possibility of obtaining polymer composites based on polylactide (PLA) with poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) and another aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. The obtained products were subjected to the analyses of chemical structure using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR) method. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated nonwoven layers were also tested, which confirmed a wide spectrum of their applicability, depending on the polymer composition used in production.

scholarly journals Nanomechanical characterization of chemical interaction between gold nanoparticles and chemical functional groups

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyudo Lee ◽  
Hyungbeen Lee ◽  
Kihwan Nam ◽  
Jae-Hee Han ◽  
Jaemoon Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Interaction

scholarly journals The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Corn-based Bioplastic Films with Different Starch and Glycerol Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Nur Nadia Nasir ◽  
◽  
Siti Amira Othman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Water Absorption Rate ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

Petroleum-based plastics have had a long history with varied materials and applications. However, the major drawback with these plastics is their harmful impact on the environment. Poor disposal management of these plastics have ultimately affected humans. Therefore, starch-based bioplastics have been widely used because of their renewability, sustainability and cost-effectiveness. This work investigated the effect of different concentrations of corn starch (10%, 15%, and 20% w/w of distilled water) and glycerol (20%, 30%, and 40% w/v of corn starch) on the properties of corn-based bioplastic films. Particularly, mechanical (tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break) and physical (water absorption rate and moisture content) properties were investigated. These films were prepared by the solvent casting method. It was demonstrated that the addition of 30% glycerol produced mechanical properties closest to the standard value, while films with a composition of 15% of corn starch had the most optimised value. Meanwhile, 20% glycerol and 20% corn starch produced a film with high strength and stiffness but lacked flexibility. Higher concentrations of starch and glycerol produced the highest moisture and water absorption rate. This was due to the highly hydrophilic nature of both corn starch and glycerol. However, the concentration of glycerol needs to be adjusted based on the intended use of the film. In conclusion, the concentration of corn starch and glycerol produced slightly different outcomes. Thus, the properties and application of the cornbased bioplastic films can be maximised by optimising the concentration of corn starch and glycerol.

The Organic Nature of Carbon Black Surfaces

1958 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-952
Author(s):  
Jules V. Hallum ◽  
Harry V. Drushel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Carbon Blacks

Abstract Evidence is presented for the existence of quinone groups and aromatic hydroxyl groups on the surface of carbon black particles. This evidence is based largely upon polarographic analyses of slurries of carbon blacks. A mechanism for the chemical interaction of carbon blacks with elastomers is proposed on the basis of these functional groups.

scholarly journals Operational characteristics of four metering systems for agricultural fertilizers and amendments

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus H. Camacho-Tamayo ◽  
Angela M. Barbosa ◽  
Nancy M. Pérez ◽  
Fabio R. Leiva ◽  
Gonzalo A. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Commercial Fertilizer ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Feed Screw ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Unloading Rate ◽  
Lime Powder

The use of fertilizers and solid amendments in agriculture generates special interest for their effect on crop productivity, as well as for their environmental impact. The efficient use of these products demands knowing their physical and mechanical properties, the storing conditions effect and the operational characteristics of the metering systems used in the fertilizing equipment. In this context, the present study was developed with the purpose of evaluating the operational characteristics of different fertilizing metering systems and to determine the adequate metering system-product operational parameters, using powder lime, powder gypsum, granular 10-30-10 (N-P-K), and granular urea. Operational differences were established among four types of commercial fertilizer metering systems, including wire auger, star-shaped feed wheel, feed screw and ridged traction wheel. The study found that the unloading rate depends directly on the fertilizer metering system's rotating speed and is affected by particle size, repose angle, bulk density and moisture content of the applied product. The wire auger and star-shaped feed wheel metering systems were adequate for the distribution of powder products and the feed screw for granulated fertilizers. Furthermore, theoretical and experimental characteristic equations were established, defining curves for calibration and handling of the products plus the rotating speed range in which a better distributing behavior was achieved.

Topologically Interpenetrating Elastometric Networks

1971 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Klempner ◽  
H. L. Frisch ◽  
K. C. Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Polymeric Networks ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymeric Networks ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Several partially interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPN) were made by combining chemically different linear elastomers. The polymer combinations were deposited as films from aqueous emulsions made by mixing the individual emulsions in equal proportions. The films were crosslinked to form two superimposed networks. In two cases, the networks were cleanly separated by hydrolysis of one of the component networks to demonstrate that there was no chemical interaction between the polymers. Measurement of crosslink density showed that, in most cases, partial interpenetration does occur as evidenced by an effective crosslink density of the IPN's greater than the arithmetic mean of the crosslink densities of the component networks. The swelling ratios, densities, and stress-strain properties were determined. For one of the network combinations, a poly (urethane-urea) and a poly (butadiene-acrylonitrile), a series of IPN's varying in polymer composition was made. The swelling ratios and densities are close to the arithmetic means; however, both the tensile strength and crosslink density exhibit a maximum at about 70% poly (butadiene-acrylonitrile). The maximum tensile strength is actually significantly higher than that of either of the component polymers. The elongations all approach that of the poly (urethane-urea), the more extensible material, except for compositions approaching 100% poly (butadiene-acrylonitrile), which exhibit a very low extensibility.

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