scholarly journals Identification of winter common wheat samples of Kharkiv breeding by protein markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Z. Usova ◽  
O.Y. Leonov ◽  
N.O. Kozub ◽  
I.O. Sozinov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Promising Line

Aim. Identification of new winter wheat breeding material developed in Kharkiv by electrophoretic patterns of storage proteins to select the most promising lines. Methods. Protein fractionation was performed by APAG- and SDS-electrophoresis. Results. The genotypes of winter wheat samples of the competitive variety trial at seven storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Gli-A3, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were studied. We identified eight alleles at the Gli-A1 locus, seven at Gli-B1, five at Gli-D1, four at Gli-A3, five at Glu-B1, three at Glu-A1, and two at Glu-D1. Most of the identified alleles are typical for Ukrainian winter wheat varieties. Along with them, theree were lines with introgressed alleles marking for the wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS. The biotype of the line Erythrospermum 484-19 carries an introgressed allele from Ae. tauschii at the Gli-D1 locus. Conclusions. According to field and laboratory trials of samples, there were neither significant advantages nor disadvantages of lines with wheat-rye translocations compared to lines without translocations (typical for the East Forest-Steppe zone). The promising line of the use of the 1AL/RS or 1BL/RS translocations (carrying disease resistance genes) is their coupling with the allele Glu-B1al associated with high grain quality. Keywords: winter wheat, storage proteins, alleles, translocations.

The size of under-ear interstice and productivity of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups in the forest-steppe of Orenburg region

10.12737/6546 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Мухитов ◽  
Lenar Mukhitov ◽  
Самуилов ◽  
Feofan Samuilov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
The Impact

The impact of contrasting conditions of water availability on the size of the upper internodes in wheat varieties was studied under the conditions of the Orenburg steppe zone. It was noted, that less drought-resistant varieties formed a short upper internodes. We conducted a mathematical analysis of the relationship of productivity and length of ear-carrying internodes of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups. It was established, that we can observe a gradual increase of grain productivity with increasing the length of the upper internodes in the studied range. As a result, the following varities were selected for inclusion into the hybridization: Logachevka, Tulaykovskaya steppe, Tulaykovskaya 1, Tulaykovskaya Belozernaya, Prokhorovka and Uchitel. They have the optimal settings for the presented feature. Using the selected varieties as parental forms can enhance the efficiency of wheat breeding programs for resistance to drought in the forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals Parent material for breading winter wheat with high disease resistance under environments of forest-steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
O. A. Demydov ◽  
H. B. Volohdina ◽  
S. I. Voloshchuk ◽  
O. V. Humeniuk ◽  
V. V. Kyrylenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Aim. Main goals were to study the Bulgarian samples of winter wheat, to identify sources of disease resistance for further breeding work and to develop high-yielding varieties being adapted to the conditions of Forest-steppe. Methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 1987-2013 in breeding crop rotations of MIW. 1470 Bulgarian samples were the starting material used. Results. The samples M-61-185, 97 / 58-1, 1769-64, 668-2, 49 / 94-168, 301-44-55, 1990 50, 836 / 87-2 were characterized with stabile high resistance to brown rust in combination with yield on the level of adaptive norm; 3324-1, 1919-50, 77 / 83-71, 2579-30-19, 704 / 90-30, 411 / 92-57, 97 / 58-1, Liliia, Milena – to powdery mildew; 1919-50, Liliia, 836 / 87-2, 6532-5, 49 / 94-168, DM-62-44, 835 / 87-44-38, 97 / 58-1 – to Septoria leaf blotch. Genotypes 759-1, 2579-30-19, 836 / 87-2, DM-62- 44, 1919-50 that combine resistance to group of three diseases with complex of traits: winter-hardiness, large grain, productivity, high quality levels and high-yielding; samples with large grain and high quality – 97 / 58-1, MT-17131-87, 71 / 90-1097, 2514-114 are the most valuable for breeders. Based on 2579–30–19 the new winter wheat variety Hospodynia Myronivska has been developed. Conclusions. Bulgarian samples are valuable as a starting material for winter wheat breeding for disease resistance in Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, Bulgarian sample, disease resistance.

scholarly journals Adaptive capacity of winter wheat varieties and formation of qualitative properties of grain of various ecological and geographical origin

1970 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
V. H. Kryzhanivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Purpose. Investigate the features of adaptive ability of winter wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin and reveal the mechanisms of formation of such valuable features as the nature of grain and yield. Methods. In this work, a systematic method of the variants placement was used; field methods – for conducting phenological observations and accounting, laboratory (for establishment of collection varieties), biometric and measuring-weight (for accounting the productivity and yield), mathematical and statistical (objective evaluation of the obtained experimental data). Results. The research was conducted in the research field of the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of Uman National University of Horticulture in 2019-2020. Over the years of research, the nature of grain has changed somewhat. Thus, in 2019, in the varieties that were created in the southern Forest-Steppe, it ranged from 733-766 g/l, while in 2020 these values were 719-748 g/l. In wheat varieties created for the Steppe natural zone, the figure for 2019 was in the range from 743 to 791 g/l, in 2020 it was 719-774 g/l. In 2020, the yield of winter wheat grain of the SN Kombin variety (Forest-Steppe zone) was the highest and amounted to 748 g/l, which is more than the indicators of the Columbia variety and the standard by 42 and 28 g/l respectively. Of the varieties created in the southern Forest-Steppe, Columbia had the lowest yield – 4.1 t/ha. The SN Kombin variety exceeded the Smuglyanka variety by 2.0 t/ha. High grain yield was in the Samurai variety, created in the Steppe zone, which was 10.3 t/ha, or more by 9%. Conclusions. The highest indicator of grain yield was found in the variety Anter, which was 774 g/l, which is 59 g/l more than the control. During the years of research, the weight of 1000 grains in the Samurai variety was the highest and amounted to 47.1 g, which is higher than the standard by 1.3 g. High grain yield was in the Samurai variety, created in the Steppe zone, which was 10.6 t/ha , or by 1.4 t/ha more compared to the standard. Variety Anter formed a 9.2 t/ha grain yield (at the level of the Smuglyanka variety). Thus, on average, for two years of research, the highest yields showed the SN Kombin and Samurai varieties, which amounted to 10.9 and 10.3 t/ha respectively. Other varieties of wheat, such as Smuglyanka and Anter, had almost the same yield – 8.9-8.8 t/ha.

scholarly journals The ear development time and yield of soft winter wheat in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00023
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Zakharova ◽  
Nikolai Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The duration of the growing season is an important, adaptively significant indicator for any crop variety. In wheat breeding, a reliable criterion for determining the maturity group of a variety is the ear formation period. The purpose of the study was to determine the ear formation period of soft winter wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origins in the conditions of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region, and also to determine its effect on yield. Among the studied varieties of wheat from the world collection, German varieties were characterized by late ripeness, wheat from China, Japan, Bulgaria and the North Caucasus region of Russia by early ripeness and mid-ripeness, - varieties from the Siberian region of the country by mid-ripeness. Ukrainian cultivars were represented by wheat of different maturity groups. It has been found in the studies that under varying environmental conditions in different years early ripening, mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late wheat can be highly productive. A well selected system of ripening varieties of soft winter wheat (65–70 % mid-ripening, 25 % mid-early and early-ripening, 5–10 % mid-late) will make it possible to use favorable environmental factors with great efficiency and withstand environmental stresses.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of productivity signs of the yielding capacity in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
V. V. Bazalii ◽  
I. V. Boichuk ◽  
Ya. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
H. H. Bazalii ◽  
Ye. O. Domaratskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. Further improvement and application of modern methods of wheat breeding of different types of development for adaptiveness caused by change in the character of manifestation of limiting environmental factors under conditions of the Southern Ukrainian Steppe. Methods. Field experiment, selection and genetic, calculation and comparison research methods were used. Wheat varieties of different genetic and ecological origin under different growing conditions were examined. Results. Analysis of the parameters of plasticity and stability of the elements of the yield structure in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions revealed that their variability depends on both genotype and ecological gradients. For instance, by the weight of grain from ears only the varieties Kirena and Yaroslavna were distinguished by a high reaction to changes in growing conditions (bi= 1,215 – 1,635) among the analyzed genotypes, the other varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Znakhidka odeska and Klarisa manifested quite high plasticity (bi= 0,454 – 0,816). There was an analogous situation in the formation of the number of grains per ear. It is necessary to highlight an important biological feature of these varieties which formed the highest actual productivity under late sowing conditions and different sowing rates when compared to other varieties and realized its potentialities better. Conclusions.The research determined that every wheat variety of different development types should be considered in the aspect of its reaction to different growing conditions and to the capability of realizing genetic potential in a particular ecological region. The results of estimation of adaptiveness potential determined a high degree of homeostaticity in the winter wheat varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Perlyna and the variety of an alternative type Klarisa. Keywords: winter wheat, varieties of alternative types, adaptiveness, plasticity, stability.

scholarly journals Ecological Plasticity of New Winter Wheat Varieties Under Environments of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe and Polissia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Demydov ◽  
Vira Kyrylenko ◽  
Bohdana Blyzniuk ◽  
Halyna Volohdina ◽  
Oleksandr Humeniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

scholarly journals Economic and bioenergetic evaluation of seed cultivation of winter wheat triticale varieties in western Forest-Steppe zone

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Valentyna Hlyva ◽  
◽  
Ihor Voloshchuk ◽  
Halyna Hereshko ◽  
Oksana Kovalchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe

scholarly journals Variability of Winter Wheat Quality Features in Northern Trans-Urals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Volkova ◽  
Raisa I. Belkina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Grain Unit ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the basis of the Agrotechnological Institute of Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University. The studies include 5 varieties of winter wheat grown in 2009-2011 in three agroclimatic zones of Tyumen Region: sub-regional (Nizhnetavdinsky state crop testing site), northern forest steppe (Yalutorovsky state crop testing site), southern forest steppe (Berduzhsky state crop testing site). Bashkirskaya variety – 10 (45 g) demonstrated the highest potential in the formation of a 1000 grain weight. The same variety has the highest range of variability (11.7 g) and the variability coefficient (10.9%) indicates average variability. Other varieties showed minor variability of characteristic (V = 8.7-9.9%). Winter wheat varieties varied in terms of average hardness, at the same time the level of values of all varieties (66-77%) corresponded to the standards of high classes according to GOST. Novosibirskayaaya 32 (61-93%) and Bashkirskaya 10 (60-86%) varieties were the most stable in forming the required value of characteristic. The average gluten content in a grain of winter wheat varieties was corresponded to the standards of the third class according to GOST. Novosibirskaya 32 variety (V = 8.5%) had minor variability of the characteristic, while other varieties demonstrated the average variability. A significant proportion of the effect of the “variety” factor on the variability of such features as a 1000 grain weight (56.5%), grain-unit (50.5%) and hardness (45.1%) was established. The amount of gluten depended more on the growing environment (35.5%) and interaction of factors (39.3%). The quality of gluten was much influenced by the growing environment (52.2%).

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