Establishment of Standard Image Finding Names, Synonyms, and Location Names for Glossary of Health Checkup Terms

Background & Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the frequency of daily tooth brushing and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted from 2005 to 2012 at the Center for Preventive Medicine at St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan. Data on all participants who underwent a health checkup during the study period were collected. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography, and all participants who were diagnosed with NALFD at the time of their initial visit, consumed alcohol in any amount, or had received only one health checkup were excluded. The questionnaire for the frequency of daily tooth brushing was conducted as part of health checkups. The primary outcome was the risk of developing NAFLD according to the frequency of daily tooth brushing (1-2 times a day, or 3 times a day) compared to those who brush teeth once or less than once a day. Results: Data were collected from 25,804 people. A total of 3,289 (12.7%) participants developed NAFLD. The mean age was 45.2 years, and 6,901 (26.7%) of the participants were male. The risk of developing NAFLD significantly decreased with increased frequency of daily tooth brushing. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) are as follows: Brushing teeth 1-2 times a day (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95), and 3 times a day (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.67-0.82). Conclusions: Frequent tooth brushing was shown to significantly reduce the risk of developing NAFLD.　

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Racial disparities in routine health checkup and adherence to cancer screening guidelines among women in the United States of America

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-021-01475-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amarachukwu F. Orji ◽

Takashi Yamashita

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Racial Disparities ◽

United States Of America ◽

The United States ◽

Health Checkup ◽

Screening Guidelines

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Prediction of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Noninvasive and Non-Imaging Procedures in Japanese Health Checkup Examinees

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11010132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 132

Author(s):

Kenichiro Murayama ◽

Michiaki Okada ◽

Kenichi Tanaka ◽

Chika Inadomi ◽

Wataru Yoshioka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Japanese Population ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Health Checkup ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

General Japanese Population ◽

Advanced Liver Fibrosis ◽

Zju Index

Access to imaging is limited for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in general populations. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of noninvasive and nonimaging indexes to predict NAFLD in the general Japanese population. Health checkup examinees without hepatitis virus infection or habitual alcohol drinking were included. Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasonography. The hepatic steatosis index (HSI), Zhejiang University (ZJU) index, and fatty liver index (FLI) were determined, and risk of advanced liver fibrosis was evaluated by the fibrosis-4 index. NAFLD was diagnosed in 1935 (28.0%) of the 6927 subjects. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of the HSI, ZJU index, and FLI was 0.874, 0.886, and 0.884, respectively. The AUROC of the ZJU index (p < 0.001) and FLI (p = 0.002) was significantly greater than that for the HSI. In subjects with a high risk of advanced fibrosis, the sensitivity of the HSI, ZJU index, and FLI were 88.8%, 94.4%, and 83.3% with a low cut-off value and the specificity was 98.5%, 100%, and 100% with a high cut-off value. In conclusion, all indexes were useful to diagnose NAFLD in the general Japanese population and in subjects with potentially advanced liver fibrosis.

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Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030912 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 912

Author(s):

Mai Matsumoto ◽

Hiroyuki Suganuma ◽

Naoki Ozato ◽

Sunao Shimizu ◽

Mitsuhiro Katashima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Beta Carotene ◽

The Body ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Health Checkup ◽

Visceral Fat Area ◽

The Relationship ◽

Aomori Prefecture

Consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids has been widely reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and visceral fat area (VFA), which is considered a better predictor of cardiovascular diseases than the body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the relationship in healthy individuals in their 20s or older, stratified by sex and age, to compare the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI. The study was conducted on 805 people, the residents in Hirosaki city, Aomori prefecture, who underwent a health checkup. An inverse relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI was observed only in women. In addition, the results were independent of the intake of dietary fiber, which is mainly supplied from vegetables as well as carotenoids. This suggests that consumption of a diet rich in carotenoids (especially lutein and beta-carotene) is associated with lower VFA, which is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease, especially in women. This study is the first to comprehensively evaluate the association between serum carotenoid levels and VFA in healthy individuals.

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Identifying the prevalence of undiagnosed cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy Indians

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Thanvi ◽

P Thakkar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Attack ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Health Checkup ◽

Study Population ◽

High Level

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death globally and in India. The importance of primary prevention, defined as interventions designed to modify adverse risk factors with the goal of preventing an initial CVD event has been established beyond doubt by several population based studies in healthy individuals. While there have been many studies defining the high prevalence in CVD risk factors in Indian population, this study sought to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed modifiable CVD risk factors in healthy individuals. Methods The cross sectional, analytical study was carried out at the hospitals, from 1st April 2015 to 31st dec 2017. Subjects between 18 - 70 years of age who were healthy and were undergoing health checkup were included in the study. A total of 5000 patients were screened, those having existing CVD risk factors were excluded from the study. This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The data collection record sheet was prepared based on validated and standardized questionnaires which was used to enter all data. Physical examination for vitals and BMI was done by qualified physicians. Blood investigations were done for diabetes and dyslipidemia and thyroid dysfunction. ACC/AHA criteria was used for diagnosis of hypertension, ADA criteria for diabetes. Joint British society 3 risk score and ASCVD risk score was calculated using standard calculators. Results At screening, 4998 participants aged ≥18 years were approached to participate in study. The study population included 2705 men (68.1%) and 1265 women (31.9%) with a mean age of 68± 18.8 years. The most prevalent risk factor was overweight and obesity (71.2%). The prevalence of undiagnosed HTN was 73.3%, undiagnosed pre-diabetes was 24.9% and undiagnosed diabetes was 28.3%. Out of total, 44.3% subjects had high level of low-density lipoprotein and 36.6% subjects had low level of high-density lipoprotein, 20.1% subjects had high level of very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and 17.3% subjects had high level of triglyceride. Tobacco smoking was present in 7.7% of the population. The risk estimation predicted 29.1% of the study participants to have more than 10% risk of heart attack/stroke risk at 10 years. Conclusion Our study reveals a fairly good snapshot of CVDs risk factors in healthy general population. Increased prevalence of high BMI, undiagnosed HTN, diabetes, dyslipidemia was present in our study population. The population had significantly high predicted risk of heart attack/stroke. These findings warrant the need of community based life style modifications, regular health checkup for healthy population for early detection and modification of CVD risk factors.

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