Kristendom i grænseland

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-20
Author(s):  
Niels Kastfelt
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Northern Nigeria

This article discusses general historiographical perspectives emerging from a religious encounter between Danish missionaries and the Bachama people in northern Nigeria in the twentieth century. The general points relate to the role of Christian missionaries in the making of modern Christianity. It is argued that missionaries should be seen as the spearheads of modern Christianity through their experience of religious pluralism and relativism in religious encounters outside Europe. The paper uses the concept of the border to characterise a particular “borderland Christianity” emerging from missionary situations. By way of conclusion it is argued that the borderland experience of missionaries was made part of Western Christianity and constitutes a potentially important but neglected part of the historical development of Christianity in the modern world.

10 Evolution and Gestalt of the Italian State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattarella Bernardo Giorgio
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
First Century ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
The Republic

This chapter presents an analysis of Italy's administrative history. It looks at the historical development of Italian public administration and administrative law in Italy beginning from the nineteenth century. The chapter then proceeds to the first half of the twentieth century, focusing primarily on the policies of Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti, which saw a marked rise in changes and developments within administrative law. Also of note during this period was the role of administrative law during the era of fascism in Italy. The latter half of the twentieth century would mark a departure from this period, focusing mainly on liberal administrative law and the Republic. Finally, the chapter turns to the features of administrative law in the twenty-first century, before closing with some concluding remarks on the features peculiar to Italian administrative law.

The City and the Law. Aspects of Ibn Khaldūn’s Critique of the Philosophers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-24
Author(s):  
Leonardo Capezzone
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
World History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Abstract The history of Khaldunian readings in the twentieth century reveals an analytical capacity of non-Orientalists definitely greater than that demonstrated by the Orientalists. The latter, at least until the 1950s, prove to be prisoners of that syndrome denounced by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), which projected on Islamic historical development a specificity and an alterity, which make it an exception in world history. Orientalist scholarship has often wanted to see in Ibn Khaldūn’s critical attitude to the philosophy of al-Fārābī and Averroes only the confirmation of the primacy of the sharīʿa over Platonic nomos. This article seeks to highlight some aspects of Ibn Khaldūn’s critique of classical political thought of Islamic philosophy. His critique focuses on the importance given to the juridical dimension of social becoming, and to the role of the political body of the jurists in the making of the City. Those aspects witness Ibn Khaldūn’s effort to interpret change and fractures as factors which make sense of history and decadence.

Youth as a Force in the Modern World

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Population ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The World

The unprecedented number of young people in the world today can be isolated as one of the crucial reality factors conditioning political and cultural developments. Age distribution is only one demographic variable in the complex of social and political life, but the tremendous growth of world population in the twentieth century has magnified its dynamic potentialities. To gain perspective, it will be useful to briefly consider the role of youth in the light of historical experience.

scholarly journals Литература в контексте социально-политических трансформаций конца ХХ в.: словенский опыт

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Н. Старикова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Public Life ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Qualitative Changes ◽  
The Way

The problem of changing the role of literature in the modern world is especially acute in the former socialist European countries, survived at the end of the twentieth century fundamental social and political changes. Slovenia, which gained sovereignty during the disintegration of the SFRY, is one of the typical examples. For a long time, Slovenian literature developed under the sign of the struggle for national independence, going through many severe trials along the way. The first decades of independence created the preconditions for qualitative changes within literature and led to the transformation of its role in public life.

scholarly journals The regional identity of the inhabitants of regions which have experienced an interrupted continuity in their socio-historical development. A case study of Czech regions that were resettled after World War II

Geografie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Šerý ◽  
Veronika Klementová
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
World War

The article is focused on the phenomenon of regional identity and its relationship with processes of socio-historical development. The objective is to compare the regional identities of the inhabitants of two typologically specific regions located in Czechia. These regions’ specific characteristics are defined by dramatic interruptions in their development that occurred during the twentieth century. The existing regional identity of the inhabitants was assessed with regard to the role of the regions based on four principles used in the process of identity construction. Primary empirical data was obtained via questionnaire and subjected to further comparative analysis. In its conclusion, the article notes that the regional identities of the inhabitants of regions that experienced a discontinuity in their socio-historical development can vary considerably. In our conclusions, we augment the existing knowledge concerning the forms that the regional identities of inhabitants can take in regions with interrupted continuity in their development.

Proslavery Ideology

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Robert Young
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Age Of Revolution ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Sectional Conflict

This article shows how the same fundamental questions raised by proslavery thought have consistently confronted not only modern scholars but also the very historical actors who battled over slavery's fate in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It discusses early proslavery thought in the Americas, proslavery thought in the age of revolution, the role of proslavery thought in sectional conflict and postbellum sectional reconciliation, and the problem of proslavery thought in the modern world and in twentieth-century historiography.

scholarly journals Father Porphyry Stupnytsky (1847–1926): touches to the portrait

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Ruslan Deliatynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Catholic Clergy ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The relevance of the study lies in the attempt to reconstruct the historical portrait of a Greek Catholic priest against the background of socio-political processes in Galicia in the late nineteenth - in the first quarter of the twentieth century. The appeal to the figure of the next pastor, who continues a series of our studies of the biographies of the clergy of the Stanislaviv eparchy, is conditioned by the need to form objective assessments of the historical development of the Greek Catholic Church based on the analysis of sources and the application of new methodological approaches, in particular, biography and "history of everyday life". The assessments of the role of the Greek Catholic clergy in the formation of the national identity of Ukrainians in Galicia in modern Ukrainian historiography, the thesis about the clergy as a "smithy of intellectuals", obviously need a new understanding of specific examples.

cAbdullah Yūsuf cAlī & Muhammad Asad: Two Approaches to the English Translation of the Qur'an

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
British India ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Political Milieu ◽  
The Times

This article attempts to present a comparative study of the role of two twentieth-century English translations of the Qur'an: cAbdullah Yūsuf cAlī's The Meaning of the Glorious Qur'ān and Muḥammad Asad's The Message of the Qur'ān. No two men could have been more different in their background, social and political milieu and life experiences than Yūsuf cAlī and Asad. Yūsuf 'Alī was born and raised in British India and had a brilliant but traditional middle-class academic career. Asad traversed a vast cultural and geographical terrain: from a highly-disciplined childhood in Europe to the deserts of Arabia. Both men lived ‘intensely’ and with deep spiritual yearning. At some time in each of their lives they decided to embark upon the translation of the Qur'an. Their efforts have provided us with two incredibly rich monumental works, which both reflect their own unique approaches and the effects of the times and circumstances in which they lived. A comparative study of these two translations can provide rich insights into the exegesis and the phenomenon of human understanding of the divine text.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

War in Social Thought

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Joas ◽  
Wolfgang Knöbl
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Original Argument

This book provides a sweeping critical history of social theories about war and peace from Thomas Hobbes to the present. It presents both a broad intellectual history and an original argument as it traces the development of thinking about war over more than 350 years—from the premodern era to the period of German idealism and the Scottish and French enlightenments, and then from the birth of sociology in the nineteenth century through the twentieth century. While focusing on social thought, the book draws on many disciplines, including philosophy, anthropology, and political science. It demonstrate the profound difficulties most social thinkers—including liberals, socialists, and those intellectuals who could be regarded as the first sociologists—had in coming to terms with the phenomenon of war, the most obvious form of large-scale social violence. With only a few exceptions, these thinkers, who believed deeply in social progress, were unable to account for war because they regarded it as marginal or archaic, and on the verge of disappearing. This overly optimistic picture of the modern world persisted in social theory even in the twentieth century, as most sociologists and social theorists either ignored war and violence in their theoretical work or tried to explain it away. The failure of the social sciences and especially sociology to understand war, the book argues, must be seen as one of the greatest weaknesses of disciplines that claim to give a convincing diagnosis of our times.

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