scholarly journals Diplomacy Beyond Language: François Guizot and Translation

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-192
Author(s):  
Gabriel Louis Moyal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
English History ◽  
Evolution Of Language ◽  
Linguistic Difference ◽  
Long Run ◽  
French And English ◽  
Ideological Perspective

Abstract Diplomacy Beyond Language: François Guizot and Translation — Neglecting to mention translation, ignoring the need or even the presence of translation is common practice in non-literary French writing in the first half of the nineteenth century. Still, in the case of François Guizot (1787-1874) such neglect seems to have a more deliberate motivation. Before becoming prime minister of France or ambassador to England, Guizot had translated several important English texts into French. His later marginalization of linguistic difference appears more rooted in his ideological perspective on history. Guizot's writings on French and English history and on the evolution of language seem to indicate that, for him, in the long run of history, translation would become obsolete. Nations, like languages, appear, from his point of view, to be drifting towards an ultimate unity, to flow irresistibly towards a Utopian equality wherein differences — political or linguistic — will ultimately be dissolved.

The Sino-Japanese Rapprochement: A Relationship of Ambivalence

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 101-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene T. Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
China Policy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
Ideological Differences ◽  
Relationship Of

The Nixon administration's new China policy has had many political repercussions in the world, among the most important being the Sino-Japanese rapprochement. From a long-term point of view, such a rapprochement would, of course, have occurred regardless of the Nixon policy. As early as 1951, Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida made the realistic remark: “Red or white, China remains our next-door neighbour. Geography and economic laws will, I believe, prevail in the long run over any ideological differences and artificial trade barriers.”

John Lingard and the catholic revival

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 313-327
Author(s):  
Sheridan Gilley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
English History ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Roman Catholic Priest ◽  
Better Than

The nineteenth-century histories of England were inspired by and reflect the political and religious ideologies of the era; the liberal anglican school described by Duncan Forbes, the varieties of high church scholarship from Christopher Wordsworth to canon Dixon, the optimistic whiggery of Hallam and Macaulay, the protestant high toryism of Southey, the political protestantism of Froudc and the teutomania of Freeman. Most of these writers had two ideas in common; a strong sense of the importance of national history as a reinforcement of the English sense of self identity, and the oneness of English history. This was a view given classic expression m John Richard Green’s Short History of the English People, and has been perpetuated by Trevelyan and Churchill into the twentieth century. Far better than most of his predecessors, Green’s history was more than just a history of the nation written from a partisan point of view, and owed its popularity as much to its breadth of sympathy as to the author’s gift for quicksilver generalisation and narration which move the reader on at the pace of a hare. In this last quality, it was most unlike the most popular nineteenth-century history of England before its publication, the work of a Roman catholic priest John Lingard, though Lingard also professed to rise above the turmoil of parties to write an impartial history.

Performing the Mass in B Minor in an Age of Choices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Melamed
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Johann Sebastian Bach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Performance History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Compositional History

Every performance of Johann Sebastian Bach’'s Mass in B Minor makes choices. The work’s compositional history and the nature of the sources that transmit it require performers to make decisions about its musical text and about the performing forces used in its realization. The Mass’s editorial history reflects deeply ideological views about Bach’s composition and how it should sound, not just objective reporting on the piece, with consequences for performances that follow specific editions. Things left unspecified by the composer need to be filled in, and every decision—including the choice to add nothing to Bach’s text—represents an interpretation. And the long performance history of the Mass offers a range of possibilities, reflecting a tension between the performance of a work like the Mass in Bach’s time and the tradition inherited from the nineteenth century. Every performance thus represents a point of view about the piece; —there are no neutral performances.

scholarly journals Dynamic Integrated Model for Assessing Fisheries: Discard Bans as an Implicit Value-Added Tax

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Da Rocha ◽  
Javier García-Cutrín ◽  
Maria-Jose Gutiérrez ◽  
Raul Prellezo ◽  
Eduardo Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
A Value ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntegrated economic models have become popular for assessing climate change. In this paper we show how these methods can be used to assess the impact of a discard ban in a fishery. We state that a discard ban can be understood as a confiscatory tax equivalent to a value-added tax. Under this framework, we show that a discard ban improves the sustainability of the fishery in the short run and increases economic welfare in the long run. In particular, we show that consumption, capital and wages show an initial decrease just after the implementation of the discard ban then recover after some periods to reach their steady-sate values, which are 16–20% higher than the initial values, depending on the valuation of the landed discards. The discard ban also improves biological variables, increasing landings by 14% and reducing discards by 29% on the initial figures. These patterns highlight the two channels through which discard bans affect a fishery: the tax channel, which shows that the confiscation of landed discards reduces the incentive to invest in the fishery; and the productivity channel, which increases the abundance of the stock. Thus, during the first few years after the implementation of a discard ban, the negative effect from the tax channel dominates the positive effect from the productivity channel, because the stock needs time to recover. Once stock abundance improves, the productivity channel dominates the tax channel and the economic variables rise above their initial levels. Our results also show that a landed discards valorisation policy is optimal from the social welfare point of view provided that incentives to increase discards are not created.

Abraham Kuyper and the Instrumental Use of Biblical Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Scott-Blakely
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Christian Theology

Abstract This article explores the Israelology of the prolific Dutch pastor, politician, and prime minister Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920), the architect of the nineteenth-century Neo-Calvinist movement. His thought still reverberates in Neo-Calvinist circles in North America, Europe, and beyond, providing inspiration to those seeking to articulate how contemporary churches can be both authentically confessional and also socially and politically engaged. Less known about Kuyper is his anti-Judaism and supersessionism: he regarded biblical Israel as instrumental to Christian theology, a pawn that God used and then discarded for the sake of more significant purposes.

Living by the Sword

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen B. Neuschel
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social History ◽  
English History ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Prestige Goods ◽  
Material Culture Studies ◽  
French And English ◽  
Warrior Culture

This book sharpens the readers' knowledge of swords as it traverses through a captivating 1,000 years of French and English history. The book reveals that warrior culture, with the sword as its ultimate symbol, was deeply rooted in ritual long before the introduction of gunpowder weapons transformed the battlefield. The book argues that objects have agency and that decoding their meaning involves seeing them in motion: bought, sold, exchanged, refurbished, written about, displayed, and used in ceremony. Drawing on evidence about swords in the possession of nobles and royalty, the book explores the meanings people attached to them from the contexts in which they appeared. These environments included other prestige goods such as tapestries, jewels, and tableware — all used to construct and display status. The book draws on an exciting diversity of sources from archaeology, military and social history, literature, and material culture studies to inspire students and educated lay readers to stretch the boundaries of what they know as the “war and culture” genre.

scholarly journals The Causality between Education and GDP Growth in Asian Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehrara ◽  
Maysam Musai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Educational Investments

This paper investigates the causal relationship between education and GDP in 40 Asian countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2010. A three-variable model is formulated with capital formation as the third variable. The results show a strong causality from investment and economic growth to education in these countries. Yet, education does not have any significant effects on GDP and investment in short- and long-run. It means that it is the capital formation and GDP that drives education in mentioned countries, not vice versa. So the findings of this paper support the point of view that it is higher economic growth that leads to higher education proxy. It seems that as the number of enrollments raise, the quality of the education declines. Moreover, the formal education systems are not market oriented in these countries. This may be the reason why huge educational investments in these developing countries fail to generate higher growth. By promoting practice-oriented training for students particularly in technical disciplines and matching education system to the needs of the labor market, it will help create long-term jobs and improve the country’s future prospects.

scholarly journals Metamorphoses of the Ukrainian Song “Їkhav Kozak beyond the Danube”:Was the German Translation by Wilhelm Kuchelbecker Familiar to the Hungarian Count Poet Ferenc Teleki?

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-349
Author(s):  
Zsófia Kalavszky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German Language ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
German Culture ◽  
German Translation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Area

In my essay I trace how – by which means and through what channels – the Ukrainian song «Ĭхав козак за Дунай» (Kozak was riding beyond the Danube) reached Europe at the beginning of the nineteenth-century and then by the means of German mediation, sprang out onto Hungarian territories. In the German language area, it spread essentially as a folk song. Translated (or rather transcribed) into German by Christopher Tidge, the Ukrainian song reached the Kingdom of Hungary most likely together with the troops that took part in the Napoleon wars. At the same time, another version of the song circulated among the Hungarian elite in German culture. The latter was known as Russisches Lied in the translation of Theodor Körner – it was also in vogue and was distributed mainly in print media. The history of this song that in the first decade of the nineteenth century, gained fame in Czech, Polish, and English, has another line that may be interesting from the point of view of Russian and Hungarian literary connections. In 1814, Russian poet Wilhelm Küchelbecker translated the song into German. His translation which remained in the form of the manuscript and was not known to the reading public reveals an amazing similarity and in some places direct coincidences with the poem by the Hungarian poet Count Ferenc Teleki written presumably before 1820.

scholarly journals Valuing the Future, Discounting in Random Environments: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Masoliver ◽  
Miquel Montero ◽  
Josep Perelló ◽  
J. Doyne Farmer ◽  
John Geanakoplos
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Random Environments ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Of Risk ◽  
Future Discounting ◽  
Pricing Theory ◽  
Risk Neutral Measures ◽  
Far Future

We address the process of discounting in random environments which allows to value the far future in economic terms. We review several approaches to the problem regarding different well-established stochastic market dynamics in the continuous-time context and include the Feynman-Kac approach. We also review the relation between bond pricing theory and discount and introduce the market price of risk and the risk neutral measures from an intuitive point of view devoid of excessive formalism. We provide the discount for each economic model and discuss their key results. We finally present a summary of our previous empirical studies on several countries of the long-run discount problem.

scholarly journals Study of Human and Robot Social Interaction Using Artificial Cognition Methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 458-464
Author(s):  
Rupal Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Express Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human Robot Collaboration

Abstract. HRI challenges AI in numerous regards: dynamic, somewhat obscure conditions that were not initially intended for robots; a wide scope of circumstances with rich semantics to comprehend and decipher; physical associations with people that require fine, low-inactivity, yet socially satisfactory control systems; regular and multimodal correspondence. This paper is an endeavor to describe these difficulties and to introduce a lot of key dynamic issues that should be tended to for an intellectual robot to effectively impart space and assignments to a person. To begin with, we distinguish the individual and community oriented intellectual aptitudes required: mathematical thinking and circumstance appraisal dependent on point of view taking and cost-adequacy investigation; securing and the article talks about every one of these capacities, presents work executions and shows how they consolidate in a sound and unique human-robot collaboration deliberative design. Fortified by the aftereffects of the preliminary, we should in the long run exhibit how the board's express information, both symbolic and quantitative, is instrumental to more extravagant and more normal human-robot associations by squeezing for certain, human-level semantics inside the robot framework.

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