scholarly journals Meatscapes: Spaces and processes associated to subsistence livestock

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Marie Farah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
By Products

How was subsistence livestock linked to architecture and the urban development in the settlement of 17th and 18th century Montreal? This article argues that landscapes and buildings interact with and accommodate the transformation of livestock products and by-products along various stages; and, that these animal parts contribute to defining urban landscapes. The paper presents a novel analytical framework to study foodscapes, and more particularly meatscapes by way of identifying spaces through which animal parts transited, and by spatially mapping them. It does so via a mixed methodological approach, including researching legal documents, travelers’ notes, databases, historical maps and plans dating back to the French period. Examining processes and spaces involving subsistence livestock, their products and by-products as well as individuals related to their transformation provides a new perspective on how ordinary activities shaped the lives and the spaces in a settlement.

A new perspective on hanzi: Based upon 
the multi-dialectical analysis of the Four 
Ways of Writing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Guk-jo Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Academic Identities ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Dialectical Analysis

This work is, most of all, designed to wrestle with taken-for-granted explanations as to how hanzi is composed and in what ways the composition the Four Ways of Writing (四書) can be analysed. Beginning with posing a self-reflective question on the academic identities of us, the hanzi civilisation researchers, and looking for a possible answer to it within the context of an Eagletonian conceptualisation of human animality or creatureliness, the work then methodologises the multi-dialectical analysis by virtue of méta-linguistique, transduction, and abstraction concreté. The full-scale analysis of the Four Ways of Writing comes next, taking four steps: first, synthesising the existing definitions, explanations and interpretations of them; second, abstracting the synthesis up to the multi-dialectical analysis; third, introducing a topology of the Four Ways of Writing; and fourth, analysing characters related to and expanding from two radical characters of 門 and 刀 with the aid of a dynamics of trialectics between the form, sound and meaning. Resting upon all the analyses performed, the work suggests the following conclusion. Amongst hanzi’s main characteristics is morphographicality (表形性), still the most distinctive within the analytical framework of the Four Ways of Writing. It is the very form of hanzi, as a matter of fact, that also turns out to be multi-dialectical: first, that which constitutes writing as the character trialectically related with both the sound and meaning; second, that which characterises writing as écriture of the dialectical relationship between human beings and nature; and last, that which dialectically elucidates who we are and what we are capable of.

scholarly journals Social Sensing of the Imbalance of Urban and Regional Development in China Through the Population Migration Network around Spring Festival

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoxin Zhu ◽  
Diao Lin ◽  
Yujing Wang ◽  
Michael Jendryke ◽  
Rui Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Pagerank Algorithm ◽  
Rich Club ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Spring Festival ◽  
Spatiotemporal Behavior ◽  
Urban And Regional Development ◽  
Reform And Opening Up

Regional development differences are a universal problem in the economic development process of countries around the world. In recent decades, China has experienced rapid urban development since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy. However, development differs across regions, triggering the migration of laborers from underdeveloped areas to developed areas. The interaction between regional development differences and Spring Festival has formed the world’s largest cyclical migration phenomenon, Spring Festival travel. Studying the migration pattern from public spatiotemporal behavior can contribute to understanding the differences in regional development. This paper proposes a geospatial network analytical framework to quantitatively characterize the imbalance of urban/regional development based on Spring Festival travel from the perspectives of complex network science and geospatial science. Firstly, the urban development difference is explored based on the intercity population flow difference ratio, PageRank algorithm, and attractiveness index. Secondly, the community detection method and rich-club coefficient are applied to further observe the spatial interactions between cities. Finally, the regional importance index and attractiveness index are used to reveal the regional development imbalance. The methods and findings can be used for urban planning, poverty alleviation, and population studies.

scholarly journals Olomouc - Possibilities of Geovisualization of the Historical City

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Stanislav Popelka ◽  
Alžběta Brychtová
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
The City

Olomouc, nowadays a city with 100,000 inhabitants, has always been considered as one of the most prominent Czech cities. It is a social and economical centre, which history started just about the 11th century. The present appearance of the city has its roots in the 18th century, when the city was almost razed to the ground after the Thirty years’ war and a great fire in 1709. After that, the city was rebuilt to a baroque military fortress against Prussia army. At the beginning of the 20th century the majority of the fortress was demolished. Character of the town is dominated by the large number of churches, burgher’s houses and other architecturally significant buildings, like a Holy Trinity Column, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Aim of this project was to state the most suitable methods of visualization of spatial-temporal change in historical build-up area from the tourist’s point of view, and to design and evaluate possibilities of spatial data acquisition. There are many methods of 2D and 3D visualization which are suitable for depiction of historical and contemporary situation. In the article four approaches are discussed comparison of historical and recent pictures or photos, overlaying historical maps over the orthophoto, enhanced visualization of historical map in large scale using the third dimension and photorealistic 3D models of the same area in different ages. All mentioned methods were geolocalizated using the Google Earth environment and multimedia features were added to enhance the impression of perception. Possibilities of visualization, which were outlined above, were realized on a case study of the Olomouc city. As a source of historical data were used rapport plans of the bastion fortress from the 17th century. The accuracy of historical maps was confirmed by cartometric methods with use of the MapAnalyst software. Registration of the spatial-temporal changes information has a great potential in urban planning or realization of reconstruction and particularly in the propagation of the region and increasing the knowledge of citizens about the history of Olomouc.

scholarly journals Urban Ensembles: An integrated approach to design in steep, urban landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Myren Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Urban Terrain

<p>Urban Ensembles explores the way in which landscape and architecture can be employed together within the design of a steep, urban site. Lyttelton is a small port town on the border of Christchurch, settled in the foothills of a harbour formed by a major volcanic eruption. This rugged setting, with steeply sloping urban terrain, presents an interesting challenge when designing an urban development. The site was badly damaged in a series of earthquakes in 2010-2011, and many of the town’s oldest buildings, heritage structures dating back to the colonial settlement era, were destroyed. This has left a void in the heart of Lyttelton, and caused the loss of much of the tourism business that the town relies upon for its income. This thesis takes a methodological approach to the design of landscape architecture on such a challenging site. A range of techniques are explored, drawing from both landscape and architecture to explore the roles that each discipline plays in the design of urban spaces. The frequent imbalance between disciplines is addressed both through the literature review and design method, as this landscape architecture thesis draws on architectural design as a tool for generating spaces which fall somewhere in between the two ideals of interior and exterior. The final design proposal is an alternative rebuild plan for the central business area to the south of London St, and also addresses the relationships between that site and the surrounding context, both urban and environmental. The aim of this design is to create a series of interconnected spaces which have a strong relationship to the surrounding harbour setting, and also to facilitate development of the pedestrian spaces throughout the block and encouraging the development of activity at the street level, through the interface between buildings and landscape.</p>

Evolution of cities in Borneo: a kaleidoscope of urban landscapes for planning future resilient cities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kozlowski ◽  
Rahinah Ibrahim ◽  
Khairul Hazmi Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Central State ◽  
Unique Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
State And Local

PurposeThis study aims to examine the trajectory of the urban growth of Borneo by portraying its resilient settlements in the pre-colonial times, tropical sensitive colonial architecture, the built environment of the post–independence period and finally the contemporary city image. This is followed by a comparative study of its major urban centres and determining how globalisation and neoliberalism impact the traditional urban settlements of this island and poses a threat to its rich biodiversity.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses case study research methodology involving selected cities on the Island of Borneo including Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan, Miri and Kuching (Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia), Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei), and major cities of the state of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data collection includes a literature review, content analysis, field assessment and observations. The major research objectives would address past and current issues in the selected urban environment of Borneo. They address the historical evolution of major cities of Borneo, current urban development trends, the deterioration of the traditional urban fabric as a result of post–independence development and later globalisation.FindingsThis study found that the rich cultural tradition and climate-responsive architecture from the past have been discontinued to pave way for fast track and often speculative development. The results contribute in the convergence of existing shortcomings of cities from three nations on Borneo Island in guiding future sustainable urban planning agenda for achieving a resilient city status while reinstating the character and the sense of place. The study expects the recommendations to become prerequisites for future urban planning in sensitive tropical regions.Originality/valueThis research identified a new “Borneo approach” to urban development. The study strongly recommends top priorities for the central, state and local governments of Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia allowing the planners and decision-makers to establish a new tropical urban planning initiative with the ample design practice for this unique region in Southeast Asia. The results of this study can serve as the guiding principles for other urban environments in fragile and sensitive tropical regions.

Assessment of food heritage to improve virtuous cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Khatami ◽  
Enrico Sorano ◽  
Marco Bechis
Keyword(s):  
Local Food ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute the advancement of knowledge on food heritage and indigenous entrepreneurship in a non-Western country, specifically in the Persian gardens as the touristic destination for increasing the tourism and food businesses in Iran.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach adopted is based on qualitative and quantitative approaches to compare two representative gardens named as Bagh-Chehel-Sotoun and Bagh-Fin, as famous examples of a Persian garden in Iran. The methods supported the research to explain the lack of strategies for improving virtuous cycles in Persian gardens despite their potentials as the main places to attract many tourists.FindingsRegarding local food and the quality of servicing, most of the visitors and tourists (85–90%) had interest to test local and traditional foods around both gardens, but they had no sufficient awareness of Iranian traditional foods. According to the tourists’ interests, the authors concluded the lack of servicing and facilities to present and introduce local and traditional food for tourists.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the limitation of local food services and lack of awareness of tourists about local foods, the implication of the study offers possible avenues to promote local food business.Practical implicationsThe results could be useful for cultural heritage and tourism organizations and for investors in the economic sector due to more exploitation of the tourism industry.Originality/valueThe paper is the first work evaluating the Persian garden with a new perspective of local foods in Iran.

scholarly journals Ancient Yersinia pestis genomes from across Western Europe reveal early diversification during the First Pandemic (541–750)

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (25) ◽  
pp. 12363-12372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Keller ◽  
Maria A. Spyrou ◽  
Christiana L. Scheib ◽  
Gunnar U. Neumann ◽  
Andreas Kröpelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Low Coverage

The first historically documented pandemic caused by Yersinia pestis began as the Justinianic Plague in 541 within the Roman Empire and continued as the so-called First Pandemic until 750. Although paleogenomic studies have previously identified the causative agent as Y. pestis, little is known about the bacterium’s spread, diversity, and genetic history over the course of the pandemic. To elucidate the microevolution of the bacterium during this time period, we screened human remains from 21 sites in Austria, Britain, Germany, France, and Spain for Y. pestis DNA and reconstructed eight genomes. We present a methodological approach assessing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ancient bacterial genomes, facilitating qualitative analyses of low coverage genomes from a metagenomic background. Phylogenetic analysis on the eight reconstructed genomes reveals the existence of previously undocumented Y. pestis diversity during the sixth to eighth centuries, and provides evidence for the presence of multiple distinct Y. pestis strains in Europe. We offer genetic evidence for the presence of the Justinianic Plague in the British Isles, previously only hypothesized from ambiguous documentary accounts, as well as the parallel occurrence of multiple derived strains in central and southern France, Spain, and southern Germany. Four of the reported strains form a polytomy similar to others seen across the Y. pestis phylogeny, associated with the Second and Third Pandemics. We identified a deletion of a 45-kb genomic region in the most recent First Pandemic strains affecting two virulence factors, intriguingly overlapping with a deletion found in 17th- to 18th-century genomes of the Second Pandemic.

Emotional Competence and Affective Computing as Factors of Formation of Individual and Social Identity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Annamaria Curatola ◽  
Felice Corona ◽  
Carmelo Francesco Meduri ◽  
Carla Cozzarelli
Keyword(s):  
Affective Computing ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Experimental Project ◽  
New Perspective

This experience of psycho-emotional education is part of more extensive international researches based on the hypothesis that the “emotional experience”, if inserted in the daily conduct of the school curriculum, especially in the nursery school one, represents an excellent training opportunity, since it fosters the learners' best perception of the self, thus strengthening their expressive and communicative attitude. On the basis of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) principles and inspired by a previous experience carried out by the Department of Human Science for training, this experimental project has been put into practice by some nursery schools in RC, thus providing very interesting data for the confirmation of the hypothesis. It has been also developed a study on the affective computing and the cognitive computing pursuing a new perspective that exceeds the traditional vision of what is defined as artificial intelligence and analyzes intelligence and aspects of perceptions, often neglected, with a methodological approach considering the emotional processes as important as the cognitive ones.

Is there nothing outside the tags?

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Murphy ◽  
Pauline Rafferty
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Tagging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Death Of The Author

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore relationships between social tagging and key poststructuralist principles; to devise and construct an analytical framework through which key poststructuralist principles are converted into workable research questions and applied to analyse Librarything tags, and to assess the validity of performing such an analysis. The research hypothesis is that tagging represents an imperfect analogy for the poststructuralist project. Design/methodology/approach – Tags from LibraryThing and from a library OPAC were compared and constrasted with Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and publishers’ descriptions. Research questions derived from poststructuralism, asked whether tags destabilise meaning, whether and how far the death of the author is expressed in tags, and whether tags deconstruct LCSH. Findings – Tags can temporarily destabilise meaning by obfuscating the structure of a word. Meaning is destabilised, perhaps only momentarily, and then it is recreated; it might resemble the original meaning, or it may not, however any attempt to make tags useful or functional necessarily imposes some form of structure. The analysis indicates that in tagging, the author, if not dead, is ignored. Authoritative interpretations are not pervasively mimicked in the tags. In relation to LCSH, tagging decentres the dominant view, but neither exposes nor judges it. Nor does tagging achieve the final stage of the deconstructive process, showing the dominant view to be a constructed reality. Originality/value – This is one of very few studies to have attempted a critical theoretical approach to social tagging. It offers a novel methodological approach to undertaking analysis based on poststructuralist theory.

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