Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Peter Triantafillou ◽  
Naja Vucina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Obesity Control ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
The One

This chapter concludes that health promotion strategies and interventions have supplemented and partially recast earlier curative and preventive approaches in both England and Denmark. On the one hand, it is clear that curative approaches and physical prevention both continue to play a fundamental role in public health politics. On the other hand, it seems clear, at least in the areas of obesity control and mental recovery, that health promotion strategies seeking to augment the productivity and vigour of individuals and the population through a wide range of institutional, psychological, and socialising interventions have grown substantially since the 1980s. The chapter concludes that the terms biopower, constructivist neoliberalism and optimistic vitalism are useful concepts to grasp current modes of health politics.

scholarly journals Hegel’s Lectures on the History of Modern Philosophy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The One

This chapter examines Hegel’s lectures on the history of modern philosophy in view of the tension between, on the one hand, his ambition to grasp philosophy’s past in a truly philosophical way and, on the other hand, the necessity to account for the actual particularities of a wide range of philosophical systems. Hegel’s lectures are put in relief by comparing their methodological principles to those put forward by his Kantian predecessor Tennemann. After discussing Hegel’s conception of modern philosophy as a whole, the chapter turns to his reading of Locke, Leibniz, and, in particular, Kant. In this context, it also compares Hegel’s assessment of Kant’s achievements to that of Tennemann. The chapter concludes by considering Hegel’s account of the final moment of the history of philosophy.

Indian Writing in English and the Discrepant Zones of World Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Dirk Wiemann
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Visibility ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indian Writing In English ◽  
The One

AbstractFor world literature studies, Indian writing in English offers an exceptionally rich and variegated field of analysis: On the one hand, a set of prominent Indian or diasporic writers accrues substantial literary capital through metropolitan review circuits and award systems and thus maintains the high international visibility that Indian writing in English has acquired ever since the early 1980s. Addressing a readership that spans countries and continents, this kind of writing functions as a viable tributary to world literature. On the other hand, a new boom of Indian mass fiction in English has emerged that, while targeting a strictly domestic audience, is always already implicated in the dynamics of world literature as well, albeit in a very different way: As they deploy, appropriate and adopt a wide range of globally available templates of popular genres, these texts have globality inscribed into their very textures even if they do not circulate internationally.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing translation in Poland in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-114
Author(s):  
Anna Kuźnik
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Additional Hypothesis ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Methodological Strategy

This paper aims to provide an account of our survey on the semiotic nature of the concept of translation among young Polish native speakers. The methodological strategy adopted is a con­structive replication of Sandra Halverson’s survey conducted in Norway in 1997. We claim, in our main hypothesis (stemming from a theoretical background of prototype semantics, which we used for measuring our object), that the concept of translation is not uniform and includes different semiotic types of translation, some of which are perceived as central (prototypical), and others as peripheral. According to our additional hypothesis, young Polish native speakers have a broad notion of translation (encompassing a wide range of intralingual and intersemiotic translations), even broader than their Norwegian counterparts, more than twenty years ago. Our data has been collected in 2018 using a seven-item questionnaire (seven different text pairs) with a seven-value scale from 103 subjects. While the main hypothesis has been confirmed, the additional hypothesis was rejected, with Polish respondents conceiving the concept of translation more narrowly. The methodological format of a replication produced an ambivalent effect: on the one hand, it yielded positive incentive, and on the other hand, it became our principal hindrance.

scholarly journals LIFELONG HEALTH INSURANCE COVERS WITH SURRENDER VALUES: UPDATING MECHANISMS IN THE PRESENCE OF MEDICAL INFLATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Dhaene ◽  
Els Godecharle ◽  
Katrien Antonio ◽  
Michel Denuit ◽  
Hamza Hanbali
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Basis

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of a lifelong health insurance cover where medical inflation is not sufficiently incorporated in the level premium determined at policy issue. We focus on the setting where changes in health benefits, driven by medical inflation, are accounted for by an appropriate update or indexation of the level premium, the policy value, or both premium and policy value, during the term of the contract. Such an updating mechanism is necessary to restore the actuarial equivalence between future health benefits and surrender values on the one hand, and available policy values and future premiums on the other hand. We extend existing literature (Vercruysse et al., 2013; Denuit et al., 2017) by developing updating mechanisms in a discrete-time framework, where medical inflation is only taken into account ex-post as it emerges over time and where surrender values are allowed for. We propose and design two types of surrender values: based on the ageing provision on the one hand and based directly on the premiums paid until surrender on the other hand. We illustrate our updating strategy with numerical examples, using Belgian data, and investigate the sensitivity of our findings with respect to elements from the technical basis (in particular: the lapse rates) used in the actuarial calculations. Our updating mechanism is generic and useful for a wide range of products in life and health insurance, where some elements of the technical basis are guaranteed while others are subject to revision according to policy conditions.

scholarly journals Blockchain and AI-Based Solutions to Combat Coronavirus (COVID-19)-like Epidemics: A Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh C. Nguyen ◽  
Ming Dinh ◽  
Pubudu N. Pathirana ◽  
Aruna Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drug Manufacturing ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The One

The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare systems to timely handle public health emergencies. In such contexts, innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. On the one hand, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of outbreaks, protecting user privacy, and ensuring reliable medical supply chain during the outbreak tracking. On the other hand, AI provides intelligent solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and supporting drug manufacturing. Motivated by these, in this paper we present an extensive survey on the use of blockchain and AI for combating coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics based on the rapidly emerging literature. First, we introduce a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI specific for COVID-19 fighting. Particularly, we highlight the key solutions that blockchain and AI can provide to combat the COVID-19 outbreak. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain and AI for COVID-19 fighting in a wide range of applications. The newly emerging projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus pandemic are also presented. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like epidemics.

scholarly journals Contextualizing Free Will

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Romy Jaster
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Alternate Possibilities ◽  
The Way

Hawthorne (2001) toys with the view that ascriptions of free will are context-sensitive. But the way he formulates the view makes freedom contextualism look like a non-starter. I step into the breach for freedom contextualism. My aim is twofold. On the one hand, I argue that freedom contextualism can be motivated on the basis of our ordinary practice of freedom attribution is not ad hoc. The view explains data which cannot be accounted for by an ambiguity hypothesis. On the other hand, I suggest a more plausible freedom contextualist analysis, which emerges naturally once we pair the assumption that freedom requires that the agent could have acted otherwise with a plausible semantics of "can" statements. I'll dub the resulting view Alternate Possibilities Contextualism, or APC, for short. In contrast to Hawthorne's view, APC is well-motivated in its own right, does not beg the question against the incompatibilist and delivers a context parameter which allows for a wide range of context shifts. I conclude that, far from being a non-starter, freedom contextualism sets an agenda worth pursuing.

scholarly journals Blockchain and AI-based Solutions to Combat Coronavirus (COVID-19)-like Epidemics: A Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Ming Ding ◽  
Pubudu N. Pathirana ◽  
Aruna Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drug Manufacturing ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The One

The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare systems to timely handle public health emergencies. In such contexts, innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. On the one hand, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of outbreaks, protecting user privacy, and ensuring reliable medical supply chain during the outbreak tracking. On the other hand, AI provides intelligent solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and supporting drug manufacturing. Motivated by these, in this paper we present an extensive survey on the use of blockchain and AI for combating coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics based on the rapidly emerging literature. First, we introduce a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI specific for COVID-19 fighting. Particularly, we highlight the key solutions that blockchain and AI can provide to combat the COVID-19 outbreak. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain and AI for COVID-19 fighting in a wide range of applications. The newly emerging projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus pandemic are also presented. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like epidemics.

scholarly journals COVID – 19: a test for globalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-306
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

In the last days of 2019, when the whole world was waiting for the moment to enter a new decade, a strange kind of unexplained pneumonia appeared in Wuhan city, China. From the little information as well as attention initially, this epidemic has turned into a pandemic worldwide. The quick-fire coronavirus spread and the response of different countries to it highlight immediate concerns about public health and have a significant impact on the evolving world order and the values that underpin it. This pandemic is unprecedented in its capacity to take advantage of modern globalization, allowing for massive disease spread at a surprising speed. It can say that COVID-19 is an additional blow to the vision and practices of the globalization process that is already under strain. Using the conceptual approach, the article, on the one hand, tried to analyze the challenges that globalization is facing because of COVID-19. On the other hand, the study want to affirm that globalization will still be an irreplaceable trend in the future.

scholarly journals Death − between sanitary regulations and folk customs: Plague in Srem in 1795 and 1796

2015 ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Goran Vasin ◽  
Nenad Ninkovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The One ◽  
Health Legislation

The development of human civilization has been accompanied by attempts to eradicate contagious diseases, such as plague, which had a significantly high lethality throughout history. In that respect, in the 18th century the Habsburg Monarchy introduced, at first, various regulations, and afterwards comprehensive public health legislation. This way, many questions were resolved, first and foremost how to prevent the spread of an epidemic. These regulations greatly contrasted the folk customs and religious practice related to burying the dead. This paper presents two contrasting phenomena at the time of the plague epidemic in Srem in the years of 1795 and 1796. On the one hand, measures were taken to fight the epidemic, and on the other hand, there were folk customs related to burial procedures which had a negative effect on the spread of the disease.

Forms of Realization of the Law in the Aspect Relations of Unconditional and Conditional

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
G. N. Utkin N
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to consideration of specifics and features of realization of the law in various forms in a context of a ratio conditional and unconditional in the law. The author comes to the conclusion that all forms of the law implementation, in varying degrees, whether conditional or unconditional, because, on the one hand, embodied in a specific situation, in relation to individuals, accompanied by a compilation of individual legal act, but, on the other hand, faced with the extrapolation quite dogmatically posilioned as binding rules of law to real life circumstances, mainly through public-imperious peremptory effect. For each of the forms of realization of the law, only the nature of the ratio and the degree of dominance of one of the two principals will differ, which, in the end, serves the presence of a wide range of ways and means of satisfying people’s needs and protecting interests in the law.

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