Domesticating the road

The Road ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Dalakoglou
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Material Entity

The flows of remittances and artefacts are centred upon the material entity of the house. New or totally refurbished houses in Albania emerge as the major materialisation of migratory remittances in the country of origin. The Albanian houses under research are perpetually undergoing construction, while their building materials are brought gradually from Greece, most of the time by the migrants themselves and of course, via the major cross-border road - namely the Kakavijë–Gjirokastër road. The material fluidity of these houses shows their integration into the prevalent cosmology of flows while it signifies an ontological link between the house and the roads. None of the two categories has static materiality; both are inflowing from Greece and represent simultaneously a wanted and an unwanted gain of postsocialist globalised experience. Migrants’ houses and roads are two aspects of the same process but with very different perceptions.

The Road

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Dalakoglou
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Geographic Mobility ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Class Divisions

This book is an ethnographic and historical study of the main Albanian-Greek cross-border highway. It is not merely an ethnography on the road but an anthropology of the road. Complex sociopolitical phenomena such as EU border security, nationalist politics, transnational kinship, social–class divisions, or post–cold war capitalism, political transition, and financial crises in Europe—and more precisely in the Balkans—can be seen as phenomena that are paved in and on the cross-border highway. The highway studied is part of an explicit cultural–material nexus that includes elements such as houses, urban architecture, building materials, or vehicles. Yet even the most physically rooted and fixed of these entities are not static, but have fluid and flowing physical materialities. The highway featured in this book helps us to explore anew classical anthropological and sociological categories of analysis in direct reference to the infrastructure. Categories such as the house, domestic life, the city, kinship, money, boundaries, nationalism, statecraft, geographic mobility, and distance, to name but a few, seem very different when seen from or on the road.

Emerging Transnational Practices and Capabilities of Syrian Refugees in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Zeynep Sahin Mencütek
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Global North ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Transnational Activities

Transnational activities of refugees in the Global North have been long studied, while those of the Global South, which host the majority of displaced people, have not yet received adequate scholarly attention. Drawing from refugee studies, transnationalism and diaspora studies, the article focuses on the emerging transnational practices and capabilities of displaced Syrians in Turkey. Relying on qualitative data drawn from interviews in Şanlıurfa – a border province in south-eastern Turkey that hosts half a million Syrians - the paper demonstrates the variations in the types and intensity of Syrians’ transnational activities and capabilities. It describes the low level of individual engagement of Syrians in terms of communicating with relatives and paying short visits to the hometowns as well as the intentional disassociation of young refugees from homeland politics. At the level of Syrian grassroots organisations, there have been mixed engagement initiatives emerging out of sustained cross-border processes. Syrians with higher economic capital and secured legal status have formed some economic, political, and cultural institutional channels, focusing more on empowerment and solidarity in the receiving country than on plans for advancement in the country of origin. Institutional attempts are not mature enough and can be classified as transnational capabilities, rather than actual activities that allow for applying pressure on the host and home governments. This situation can be attributed to the lack of political and economic security in the receiving country as well as no prospects for the stability in the country of origin. The study also concerns questions about the conceptual debates on the issue of refugee diaspora. Whilst there are clear signs of diaspora formation of the Syrian refugee communities, perhaps it is still premature to term Syrians in Turkey as refugee diaspora.

scholarly journals Next Generation Emergency Services Based on the Pan-European Mobile Emergency Application (PEMEA) Protocol: Leveraging Mobile Positioning and Context Information

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Sedlar ◽  
James Winterbottom ◽  
Bostjan Tavcar ◽  
Janez Sterle ◽  
Jaka Cijan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
User Acceptance ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Location Aware ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cell Tower ◽  
Over The Top

In this paper, we analyze requirements of next generation 112 emergency services in the era of ubiquitous mobile devices and sensors and present the design, implementation, and piloting results of our testbed, which was developed within the H2020 project NEXES. The system leverages a multihop location-aware PEMEA routing network that finds the geographically closest responsible public service answering point (PSAP) and supports cross-border application roaming. Our reference mobile implementation utilizes multiple device and network-based positioning technologies, which, combined, both outperform traditional cell-tower based positioning and provide a means for detecting fraudulent calls. The system is extensible and can establish a variety of communication channels after the initial emergency session is set up; we demonstrate this with an interoperable WebRTC-based video call. The obtained results demonstrate the viability and flexibility of PEMEA-based over-the-top emergency services, show high user acceptance when comparing them with existing solutions, and thus pave the road for further rollout of such systems.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Road Transport Pollutant Emissions from Transporting Building Materials to the Construction Site by Replacing Old Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9316
Author(s):  
Sehee Han ◽  
Seunguk Na ◽  
Nam-Gi Lim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
The Road ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Material Transportation

Since the life cycle of a building spans more than 50 years, studies of the environmental impacts in the construction industry have focused on reducing the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during the operation and maintenance phase. The products of the construction industry are assembled using various building materials manufactured outside of the construction site. Consequently, it is essential that the manufactured building materials be transported to the construction site using various types of transportation methods. However, there is a lack of studies that assess the pollutant emissions of road transport while executing a construction project. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the road pollutant emissions when the old diesel vehicles for transporting building materials are replaced according to enhanced pollutant emission regulations. In this study, we found that approximately 89, 64, 77, and 64% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, were emitted during transportation of building materials as a proportion of the emissions during the construction of the structure. The analyzed results also show that about 10, 35, 23, and 35% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, were generated from material transportation as a proportion of the emissions from finishing the work. It is expected that a reduction in pollutant emissions from transporting building materials of up to approximately 64, 39, 49, and 27% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, can be achieved when vehicles registered before 2003 are replaced with ones that adhere to the tightened regulations.

Country of Origin Regulation in Cross-Border Media: One Step Beyond the Freedom to Provide Services?

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hörnle
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Online Services ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
One Step ◽  
Origin Rule

The E-commerce Directive1has introduced a country of origin rule2for the provision of online services (‘information society services’). This means in principle that service providers are only subject to the rules of their country of origin or home country, ie the country where they are established. The country to which they are providing the services to, the country of destination, must refrain from applying its regulations. For regulators this means that they must not applytheir national regulations to services provided from another Member State3(‘incoming services’).Likewise they must extend national regulation to services provided to residents in another MemberState (‘outgoing services’).

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