scholarly journals Impact of Average Speed Enforcement Systems on Traffic Safety: Evidence from the Roads of Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Laura Gavėnienė ◽  
Laura Jateikienė ◽  
Donatas Čygas ◽  
Aistė Kasperavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
First Results ◽  
Speed Enforcement ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Average speed enforcement systems have been used on the roads of foreign countries for many years already, and give a positive effect on reducing accident number. The article presents good practices in the use of average speed enforcement systems in various countries and their impact on improving traffic safety. The article analyses the experience of system installation on the roads of Lithuania and the first results. The article also proposes methodologies for the selection of road sections to be enforced, the equipment used, and distribution of road sections in the road network of Lithuania. A detail analysis is given of the effect of average speed enforcement systems after their installation in three different periods on 25 road sections. The analysed data is differentiated between main and national roads. Conclusions and recommendations are given at the end of the paper for a future development of average speed enforcement systems.

scholarly journals Microsimulation and the Evaluation of Safety Levels in the Presence of Roadside Obstacles

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Vittorio Astarita
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
First Results ◽  
Single Vehicle

Traffic microsimulation has been used for the analysis of road safety. In particular, some studies have confirmed that the reproduction by simulation of user behaviour under different traffic flows and geometry conditions can identify near crashes events that are a good base to estimate real crash risk. According to recent researches it appears that microsimulation tools can evaluate road safety performance and allow engineers to take appropriate countermeasures at specific points of the road network. The results of these approaches have been promising, though, all ongoing research has overlooked one important issue in the estimation of traffic safety levels: single vehicle crashes. According to statistics, collisions with fixed objects result in above 40% of all vehicle fatal crashes. Common used safety indicators are limited in their application since, in fact, they are based on conflicts techniques that do not consider roadside obstacles and barriers. The objective of this paper is to present a specific application of microsimulation software which is able to consider also potential conflicts with roadside objects. A specific microsimulation model add-on has been developed for the estimation of new road safety indicators that considers also potential crashes with roadside objects. First results are very promising and the developed software was applied on Tritone microsimulation package and can be used as an add-on also for other common used microsimulation packages such as Vissim and Aimsun.

scholarly journals The use of cement concrete pavements for roads, depending on climatic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Iryna Solonenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Road Network ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

The development of road network infrastructure is an important component of the economic development of the European Union. Updating of the road network contributes to the integration of the economies of countries into a coherent whole. The road network provides the free movement of citizens, the movement of goods and the effective implementation of various services. The increase in the length of the road network leads to an increase in the financial and material costs necessary to ensure its maintenance and repair. One of the ways to reduce costs is by strengthening the physic-mechanical and operational characteristics of the pavement due to the widespread use of cement concrete. The quality of the pavement of cement concrete depends largely on the rational selection of its composition. This allows a significant increase in the durability of road pavement. The purpose of the research was: the development of recommendations for the rational selection of the composition of the road pavement material of cement concrete, aimed at upgrading longevity, and taking into account its frost resistance grade. According to the goal, the following tasks were developed: the analyses of the climatic zones in which the road network of the European Union is located; the development of a research plan, a selection of the response function and influence factors; the study of physico-mechanical and operational characteristics of the researched material of road pavement; on the basis of the obtained data, the calculation of the complex of experimental-statistical models, which describe the physico-mechanical and operational characteristics of the road pavement material; on the basis of experimental statistical models, a method was proposed for selecting the rational compositions of the cement concrete pavement road material depending on the conditions of its application. The results presented in the article can be used in engineering and scientific practice for the selection of road pavement from cement concrete for highways.

scholarly journals Raspberry Pi-Based Low-Cost Connected Device for Assessing Road Surface Friction

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Ambrož ◽  
Uroš Hudomalj ◽  
Alexander Marinšek ◽  
Roman Kamnik
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
The Road ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
On The Road

Measuring friction between the tyres of a vehicle and the road, often and on as many locations on the road network as possible, can be a valuable tool for ensuring traffic safety. Rather than by using specialised equipment for sequential measurements, this can be achieved by using several low-cost measuring devices on vehicles that travel on the road network as part of their daily assignments. The presented work proves the hypothesis that a low cost measuring device can be built and can provide measurement results comparable to those obtained from expensive specialised measuring devices. As a proof of concept, two copies of a prototype device, based on the Raspberry Pi single-board computer, have been developed, built and tested. They use accelerometers to measure vehicle braking deceleration and include a global positioning receiver for obtaining the geolocation of each test. They run custom-developed data acquisition software on the Linux operating system and provide automatic measurement data transfer to a server. The operation is controlled by an intuitive user interface consisting of two illuminated physical pushbuttons. The results show that for braking tests and friction coefficient measurements the developed prototypes compare favourably to a widely used professional vehicle performance computer.

scholarly journals LANDSCAPE DESIGN ON THE SIDES OF THE BAGHDAD-BABEL ROAD "AN APPLIED MODEL FOR A REST AREA

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain & Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Right ◽  
Design Proposal ◽  
Main Entrance ◽  
Selection Of

 The study was aimed to design the  landscape on the sides of Baghdad-Babel road and landscaping the aspects of this section of the road length of 1 km, which represents the main entrance of the province of Babel, which is the municipality of Alexandria to achieve the strategy of beautiful roads through the appropriate selection of types of vegetation and emphasis on local species and adapted to environment and soil, which is one of the main factors in the conservation of vegetation on the sides of the roads, as well as the preparation of a design proposal for a rest area on the right side of the section of the road under study to an area of ​​270,14.108 m2 is not intended for any future use, its currently used by drivers of heavy and medium vehicles and the regular vehicles and passengers while waiting at the entrance to the province of Babylon and provide an opportunity to reduce stress and fatigue on the driver and management of travel requirements and improve traffic safety by reducing traffic accident rates as a result of traffic density in this way.

scholarly journals Economic Fundamentals for Selecting Directions for Modernization of Highway Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
I. M. Tsarenkova
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Road ◽  
Highway Network ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Selection Of

The paper proposes a methodological approach to selection of rational directions for modernization of highway network while taking into account an increasing requirements of the national economy in a modern transport infrastructure being formed under conditions of the development of national transport and logistics system. The initial data required for variant development of design solutions contain information on existing transport and operational characteristics of the road network, intraand inter regional transport and economic relations, formed logistics supply chains, volume and structure of transportation and possible development stages for certain sections of highways. In this case initial data have a certain degree of uncertainty that requires to take design decisions with due consideration of the possibility to change information in a certain interval. The proposed options to use economic criteria make it possible to assess efficiency of logistics systems and their participants carry out operations pertaining to supply and handling of products and cargoes on specific sections of a road network and these measures are proceeding from common goals based not only on national or regional level, but also on the global level in the context of strategic planning. Study objectives play a significant role in selection of a calculation method, as well as its structure, a degree of its aggregation. Construction of an optimal scheme for modernization of a highway network presupposes to determine such totality of design solutions for construction, reconstruction and repair of motor roads with year-wise distribution for calculation period and certain network sections and such distribution of their freight flows when an amount of the reduced costs for transportation of the entire volume of products and modernization of motor roads would be minimal in accordance with transportation rates.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Traffic Conflicts as a Tool for Sustainable Road Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7198
Author(s):  
Vladislav Krivda ◽  
Jan Petru ◽  
David Macha ◽  
Kristyna Plocova ◽  
David Fibich
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Road User ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents an approach to partially solving an issue within the scope of sustainable road transport, specifically the issue of potential accidents, i.e., traffic conflicts. First, a method is introduced for the analysis of traffic conflicts using video equipment. The attention is focused on traffic conflicts that occur at turbo-roundabouts. Given the diversity of causes of traffic conflicts, the emphasis is placed on the correct identification of the cause, i.e., whether the conflict is caused only by the negligence of the road user, or whether the conflict is more or less influenced by an inappropriately designed turbo-roundabout or one or more of its specific building elements (e.g., unsuitable corner radius). The next part of the article presents a selection of results that were obtained from analyses performed at about 100 turbo-roundabouts in nine European countries. Illustrative diagrams show the courses of the emergence of traffic conflicts, the causes of which are then described in detail. The conclusions from these analyses confirm the main hypothesis that the evaluation of traffic conflicts should be an essential part of designing roads, in order to increase traffic safety and, importantly, contribute to sustainable transport.

scholarly journals Feature Extraction and Representation of Urban Road Networks Based on Travel Routes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9621
Author(s):  
Shichen Huang ◽  
Chunfu Shao ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Xiong Yang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Safety Planning ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
The Road

Extraction of traffic features constitutes a key research direction in traffic safety planning. In previous traffic tasks, road network features are extracted manually. In contrast, Network Representation Learning aims to automatically learn low-dimensional node representations. Enlightened by feature learning in Natural Language Processing, representation learning of urban nodes is studied as a supervised task in this paper. Following this line of thinking, a deep learning framework, called StreetNode2VEC, is proposed for learning feature representations for nodes in the road network based on travel routes, and then model parameter calibration is performed. We explain the effectiveness of features from visualization, similarity analysis, and link prediction. In visualization, the features of nodes naturally present a clustered pattern, and different clusters correspond to different regions in the road network. Meanwhile, the features of nodes still retain their spatial information in similarity analysis. The proposed method StreetNode2VEC obtains a AUC score of 0.813 in link prediction, which is greater than that obtained from Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Node2vec. This suggests that the features of nodes can be used to effectively and credibly predict whether a link should be established between two nodes. Overall, our work provides a new way of representing road nodes in the road network, which have potential in the traffic safety planning field.

scholarly journals Application of the GWR Model for Predicting the Road Fatalities Rate on the Road Network in the Nuts 3 Regions in Europe on the Example of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Joanna Wachnicka ◽  
Katarzyna Palikowska
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression Model ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Gwr Model

AbstractThe article presents the application of the GWR (Geographically Weighted Regression) model to the description of differences in the level of road traffic safety in individual counties on the example of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The GWR model developed for counties, taking into account the diversity of NUTS 3 regions, can be a helpful tool for traffic safety management in voivodships and lower administrative units, and such an approach has not yet been applied.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Analysis Of Different Junction Types On The State Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.

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