MICROMORPHOLOGY OF POLLEN GRAINS FROM BISEXUAL AND FUNCTIONAL MALE FLOWERS OF POMEGRANATE

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan ENGIN ◽  
Zeliha GÖKBAYRAK
Keyword(s):  
Male Flower ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Prolate Shape ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Pistil Development ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology ◽  
Scaning Electron Microscopy

Modern taxonomy uses pollen grain morphology as an important tool due to itsspecific and diverse features. Pomegranate is an andromonoecious species havingtwo type flowers on the same plant, in other words, hermaphrodite flowers(bisexual) and male flowers (functional male flowers) that develop on the sameplant. The length of polar axis (P) and the equatorial diameter (E) as well as P/Eratio of pollen grains, collected from both bisexual and functionally male flowersof the cultivar ‘Caner I’, were analyzed using scaning electron microscopy (SEM).The length of polar axis (P), the equatorial diameter (E), and P/E ratio wascompared between the two grain. The sculpturing pattern of the exine of both typeflowers was striate, with more parallel longitudinal ridges Pollen from bothbisexual and functional male flower types is similar in size (≈21 μm). In contrast tothe divergent pistil development observed between bisexual and functional malepomegranate flowers, no differences in pollen morphology were detected. Thepollens had prolate shape (P\E=1.65 vs 1.59) in both types of flowers.

scholarly journals Morphology of pollen grains of 25 species of Salix (Salicaceae) of the Asian part of Russia according to electron microscopy

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Petruk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

This is a study of pollen grain morphology of 25 species of the genus Salix L. (Salicaceae) from of the Asian part of Russia was carried out with the use of scanning electron microscope. All species had 3-colpate pollen grains. The length of the polar axis varied from 14 to 30 mkm, the length of the equatorial diameter - from 9.5 to 17.4 mkm. This study has shown the different shapes of the pollen grains, such as the elliptic, broadly and narrowly elliptic.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of chestnut cultivars in southern China by using scanning electron microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Huan Xiong ◽  
De-Yi Yuan ◽  
Ya Chen ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
Feng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Upgma Tree ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphological characteristics of pollen grains of 16 cultivars belonging to two species of the genus Castanea (Castanea mollissima and C. henryi) collected from southern China were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The length of polar axis (PL), the equatorial diameter (ED), the length of colpus (CL) of grain, P/E ratio (polar axis to equatorial diameter), P/C ratio (polar axis to colpus length), and C/E ratio (colpus length to equatorial diameter) were measured and their variations were compared among studied taxa. The result of this study indicated that chestnut pollen grain was a tricolporate in aperture type, and aperprolate type in equatorial view. The morphological characteristics were mainly represented by PL, ED and CL as revealed by principal components analysis, which accounted for 99.56% of the total variations. The cluster analysis by the UPGMA tree divided the taxa into three groups and showed a great morphological affinity among the 16 cultivars.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology in selected species of Caricaceae with special reference to novel palynological characters

Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lucía Melisa Zini ◽  
Constanza Soledad Carrera ◽  
Elsa Clorinda Lattar ◽  
María Silvia Ferrucci
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Polar Index ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The pollen grain morphology of Jacaratia corumbensis Kuntze, J. spinosa (Aubl.) A.DC., Vasconcellea quercifolia A. St.-Hil., and Carica papaya L. from Argentine samples were examined for the first time, using light and scanning electron microscopes. Observations and measurements were performed on acetolyzed pollen grains. Principal-components analysis was performed for quantitative morphological variables. Pollen grains were tri-colporate with lalongate endoaperture, oblate spheroidal to prolate, medium, exine bireticulate or reticulate, with a granulate lumina. A fastigium was present. Novel palynological data in this study for species identification revealed the presence of margo in C. papaya and variations in endoaperture shapes in all the species. The endoaperture ends often were H-shaped or horn-shaped. A biplot showed clear separation of the four taxa based on the palynological traits. Vasconcellea quercifolia was strongly correlated with equatorial diameter, equatorial diameter in polar view, exine thickness, and polar diameter, whereas J. corumbensis and J. spinosa were positively correlated with polar index and polar area index, respectively. The distance between two colpi allowed the discrimination of C. papaya. We confirmed the homogenous nature for most of the qualitative palynological characters in Caricaceae, and demonstrated that pollen morphology in combination with statistical analyses is a reliable tool for delimiting taxonomic groups.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Malvaceae genera from Saudi Arabia and its taxonomic significance

2021 ◽  
pp. 725-742
Author(s):  
Kadry Abdel khalik ◽  
Suad Al- Ruzayza ◽  
Abdullah Assiri ◽  
Ahmed Elkordy
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Pollen Shape

Pollen morphology of 20 species belong to seven genera (Abutilon, Althaea, Hibiscus, Malva, Pavonia, Senra and Sida) of Malvaceae from Saudi Arabia were studied by using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Quantitative and qualitative pollen morphological characters which vary among investigated taxa are found in the pollen polarity, symmetry, size, shape, polar axis, equatorial diameter, P/E ratio, average height and width of spine, aperature character and spine index. The pollen grains vary from spheroidal, prolate spheroidal, oblate spheroidal to suboblate. All taxa were characterized by relatively large to medium sized pollen grains, numerous pores scattered irregularly all over the grain, and echinate sculpturing. Sida ovata is the largest size pollen grain (138.95) µm. On the other hand, Malva parviflora showed the smallest pollen size (52.28 µm). The average height and width of spine varied greatly among studied taxa. The highest spines (20.65µm) found in Sida ovata, while the shortest (3.19 µm) was found in Abutilon pannosum. Results of the pollen shape, size, and exine sculpture characters offered useful data for evaluating the taxonomy of Malvaceae both on subgeneric and sectional levels. A key for the identification of the investigated taxa based on pollen grains characters is also provided

scholarly journals Pollen grain traits of oil species from the Novi Sad collection

Genetika ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovanka Atlagic ◽  
Ana Marjanovic-Jeromela ◽  
Radovan Marinkovic ◽  
Sreten Terzic
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Viable Pollen ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology ◽  
Specific Number

The collection of oil species in Novi Sad contains 12 species represented with 1-4 cultivars or landraces. In the continuous work on this collection in the sense of breeding of some of those species and their usage as a source of 'desirable genes' we analyzed pollen grain morphology (shape and size), as well as pollen viability. To determine mentioned pollen traits we used Axiovert 40C microscope together with a software package (AxioVision LE; Rel.4.3.) for measurement of pollen length and width. Pollen viability was determined using a staining method (ALEXANDER, 1969). The results showed that species differ by pollen grain shape (round, egg-shaped, triangular and rod) as well as by shape of exine (thick and spiky, thick to thin). In some species there was a specific number of apertures present (1-11). The size of viable pollen grains ranged from 29,10/12,58? (coriander) to 176,63/169,94? (oil gourd), while non-viable pollen grains were always smaller (27,27/10,97? to 119,62/100,86?) at the same plant species. Pollen viability of most species was around 80%. Lowest pollen viability was found in white flax (56,98%), and the highest in oil pumpkin (91,43%).

Morphological studies of pollen grains of the Polish endemic species of the genus Rubus (Rosaceae)

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek ◽  
Andrzej Jagodziński ◽  
Tomasz Maliński
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Exine Sculpture ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology

AbstractThe pollen of six taxa of the genus Rubus endemic to Poland (R. capitulatus, R. chaerophylloides, R. ostroviensis, R. posnaniensis, R. seebergensis and R. spribillei)was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. The study objective was to extend the knowledge of the species pollen morphology and to investigate whether pollen morphology may help to taxonomically distinguish a very rare bramble species. Study material was derived from six natural localities where the species occur in the Wielkopolska region (Poland). Ten quantitative pollen grain features were analysed as well as the following qualitative ones: outline, shape, type of bridge and exine sculpture. Only mature, correctly formed pollen grains (30 per specimen) were measured and 180 pollen grains were examined in total. It was found that R. capitulatus and R. seebergensis had the highest mean values of P, E and Le features. In addition, pollen grains of R. capitulatus were most flattened (mean P/E ratio equals 1.14), while those of R. seebergensis were most elongated (mean P/E ratio equals 1.27). R. spribillei was the only species with striae of similar width as muri, whereas striae in the remaining species were wider. R. chaerophylloides and R. posnaniensis were characterised by specific, similar exine sculpture. Nevertheless, it should be stated that differences between pollen features of the species studied are so small and the variability of these features are so large that it is difficult to clearly identify the species studied. Therefore, pollen grain morphology can serve only as an auxiliary feature for the determination of these species.

scholarly journals Morphology and pollen viability of Lolium multiflorum Lam.

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata de Castro Nunes ◽  
Fernanda de Oliveira Bustamante ◽  
Vânia Helena Techio ◽  
Andréa Mittelmann
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Breeding Populations

Study and characterization of pollen grains are essential for different areas, especially taxonomy, genetic improvement, phylogeny, and paleobotany. As yet, there are no reports on pollen morphology of genotypes of naturalized Lolium multiflorum Lam., introduced cultivars or breeding populations, diploid or polyploid. Ten genotypes of annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum) were evaluated for the viability of pollen grains using propionic carmine and Alexander's stains, while morphology was assessed by the acetolysis technique. Measures of polar axis (P), equatorial diameter (E), exine thickness, and analysis of pollen grains were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All genotypes showed high rate of pollen viability (> 89%) for both stains. There were differences between genotypes in the following quantitative traits: polar axis, equatorial diameter, exine, endexine, ektexine, and P/E ratio. Pollen grains were characterized as small, monoporates, with circular and non-prominent apertures. In addition to helping distinction of pollen grains, morphometric differences can be used later to compare ploidy levels, thus assisting in breeding programs of the species.

scholarly journals Pollen Morphology of Some Species of the Genus Sansevieria Petagna (Asparagaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Klimko ◽  
Renata Nowińska ◽  
Paul Wilkin ◽  
Justyna Wiland-Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractPollen grains of 15 species of the genus Sansevieria were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains were single, but dyads were also found. The basic shape of the pollen grains (with chemical treatment) was subprolate, prolate and prolate-spheroidal and the pollen grains were large (> 50 mm). The pollen grains observed in SEM were prolate-spheroidal, subprolate, prolate and perprolate. The aperture occupied nearly the entire distal hemisphere. The surface of non-apertural areas was microreticulate, psilate-perforate, fossulate and verrucate. The surface of the apertural area was psilate-perforate-verrucate, microreticulate-verrucategemmate and psilate-perforate. The tectum was homogeneous, with perforations. Our results suggest that some species cannot be separated based on pollen grain morphology, but only may be categorized into their groups. The present study investigated pollen grain morphology in eleven species for the first time in terms of pollen micromorphology and provided some important new data.

scholarly journals Investigation on the pollen morphology of traditional cultivars of Prunus species in Sicily

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Geraci ◽  
Vincenza Polizzano ◽  
Pasquale Marino ◽  
Rosario Schicchi
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Prunus Species ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
North East ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Exine Sculpturing ◽  
Traditional Cultivars ◽  
Grain Surface

In this study pollen grains of 13 cultivars and 3 rootstocks belonging to 5 species (<em>P. armeniaca</em>, <em>P. domestica</em>, <em>P. dulcis</em>, <em>P. persica</em>, <em>P. avium</em>) of the genus <em>Prunus </em>collected from North-East Sicily were examined for the micromorphological characterization through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The length of polar axis (<em>P</em>) and the equatorial diameter (<em>E</em>) of grain, <em>P/E </em>ratio, the length of colpi (<em>C</em>), diameter of perforations (<em>DP</em>) and the number of perforations in 25 μm<sup>2</sup> (<em>PN</em>), the width of muri (<em>WM</em>), the distance between muri (<em>DM</em>) and their number in 25 μm<sup>2</sup> (<em>MN</em>), the width of grooves (<em>WG</em>) were measured and their variation was compared among studied taxa. Moreover multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to distinguish morphometric information from measured parameters. All pollen grains are trizonocolpate, isopolar, medium-large sized and their shape varies from prolate to perprolate. Regarding outline pollen grains are subtriangular in polar view and elliptic in equatorial view. Exine sculpturing is striate with perforations on grain surface. The arrangement of ridges appears roughly parallel but too sloped (sometimes curved) compared to polar axis, or branched and oriented in different directions, or perfectly parallel or more irregular with bifurcated ridges often sinuous. The analyses showed a great variability (particularly in <em>P. domestica </em>cultivars) related in some cases to the diversity in the morphological features of the leaves and the fruits of the investigated entities.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology and variability of Polish native species from genus Salix L.

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0243993
Author(s):  
Irmina Maciejewska-Rutkowska ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Interspecific Variability ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
Lower Variability ◽  
Biometric Features

The pollen morphology was studied of 24 Salix species native to Poland, which represented two subgenera, 17 sections and five subsections occurring in Poland. The aim of this study was to discover the taxonomical usefulness of the pollen features under analysis, and to investigate the ranges of their interspecific variability. In total, 720 pollen grains were studied. They were analysed with respect to seven quantitative features (length of the polar axis ˗ P, equatorial diameter ˗ E, length of the ectoaperture ˗ Le, exine thickness ˗ Ex, and P/E, Ex/P and Le/P ratios) and the following qualitative ones: pollen outline and exine ornamentation. The most important features were exine ornamentation (muri, lumina and margo) characters. The pollen features should be treated as auxiliary because they allowed to distinguish eight individual Salix species, and five groups of species. Statistical analysis of the studied traits indicated a high variability among the tested species. The most variable biometric features were P, E and Le, while lower variability occurred in P/E, Le/P and d/E.

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