scholarly journals Computer Control Systems With Critical Safety Applications: Problems And Some Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hristo Hristov ◽  
Mariya Hristova
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Safety Applications

Safety Critical Systems (SCS) are defined as systems controlling critical technological processes, on the proper functioning of which depends human safety. The taxonomy of concepts related to SCS is presented as a dendritic classification scheme. The emphasis is on hierarchical relationships between concepts. After studying global scientific literature, international standards and corporate materials, a classification of the scientific issues accompanying the creation of new SCSs was made.Regarding a part of the broached issues, technical solutions are suggested based on the structural system of the system. In particular, methods and means have been developed to detect and tolerate failures and errors in building the structure and to reduce their adverse impact on the functionality and safety of the systems.Formal models have been developed, concerning which calculations and studies have been performed. Quantitative dependencies are established between the technical and probability parameters of diversity structure on the one hand and the reliability and safety of the system on the other. Conclusions are drawn as regards the practical application of the methods and models.

Risk Management in Quality Management System: Economic Content and Classification of Risks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Tatyana Sviyazova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Enterprise Management System ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The paper aims to study the nature of risk management in the context of quality management system. Through historical and logical methods of research, we analyze the stages of formation and development of ideas about risk and its impact to economic activity. We consider different definitions of risks that were formulated by economists and presented in international standards, and analyze key moments which characterize the economic content of risk. Based on the considered approaches we propose the author’s definition of risk. Further, attention is paid to different risk classifications, and we analyze most known approaches to risk classification. As an alternative approach, we propose an authorial classification of risks based on key processes of the organization’s quality management system. The consideration of risks by the quality management allows, on the one hand, to integrate risk management into the existing enterprise management system, on the other hand, to react more effectively to possible changes and to use a unified management mechanism. The results of the research can be applied in practice to improve the quality management system of organizations in various business areas and to form a risk management system within the organization.

scholarly journals A Survey and Classification of Controlled Natural Languages

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Propositional Logic ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Controlled Natural Language ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
The One

What is here called controlled natural language (CNL) has traditionally been given many different names. Especially during the last four decades, a wide variety of such languages have been designed. They are applied to improve communication among humans, to improve translation, or to provide natural and intuitive representations for formal notations. Despite the apparent differences, it seems sensible to put all these languages under the same umbrella. To bring order to the variety of languages, a general classification scheme is presented here. A comprehensive survey of existing English-based CNLs is given, listing and describing 100 languages from 1930 until today. Classification of these languages reveals that they form a single scattered cloud filling the conceptual space between natural languages such as English on the one end and formal languages such as propositional logic on the other. The goal of this article is to provide a common terminology and a common model for CNL, to contribute to the understanding of their general nature, to provide a starting point for researchers interested in the area, and to help developers to make design decisions.

Changing of Currency Exchange and Its Harmony with Accounting Iraq’s Rules and International Accounting

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasim Zwaid ◽  
Zaid Abbas Fadhil ◽  
ABD Albaqir Salman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Currency ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Currency Exchange ◽  
Currency Exchange Rates ◽  
Rule Number ◽  
Foreign Operations ◽  
Accounting Rules

The aim of the study was how the harmony between the Iraqi accounting rules and international standards and is there a difference between rule and the standard, which has been the International Standard No. (21) the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and conduct a comparative analysis with the Iraqi accounting rules rule number (4) the effects of changing prices in foreign currencies have reached your search several conclusions the most important of the existence of a gap between the accounting Qaeda applicable between the international standard requirements represented by failure to disclose the change in the classification of foreign operations and export rules Iraqi accounting without cause by sufficient explanations and cases of practical application of some processors contained therein leading to interpretations and opinions of personality.

scholarly journals Isolation of bacteriophage from Thermoactinomyces

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-424
Author(s):  
M W Treuhaft
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Thermoactinomyces Vulgaris ◽  
The One ◽  
Species Specific

Bacteriophages were isolated from strains of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, T. candidus, and T. sacchari used to produce antigen for hypersensitivity pneumonitis screening at the Marshfield Medical Foundation. Whereas the one phage isolated from T. sacchari and two phages from T. vulgaris were species specific, three other phages isolated from T. vulgaris and the two phages isolated from T. candidus were infectious for both T. vulgaris and T. candidus, thus indicating a close relationship between these two species. A simple reproducible scheme for classification of newly isolated T. vulgaris-T. candidus phages into seven groups on the basis of host range is presented. Examination of plaque morphology of the T. vulgaris-T. candidus phages supported the host range classification scheme. The ease of isolation of phages from cultures of Thermoactinomyces suggests that they are commonly associated with this genus.

scholarly journals Classification of motor imaginary in EEG using random

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Suat Karakaya ◽  
Gurkan Kucukyildiz ◽  
Hasan Ocak
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Eeg Data

Abstract   Although the motor-imagery-based brain computer interface (BCI) has become popular in recent years, its practical application is limited due to the classification accuracy of methods. In this study, a new classification scheme is proposed for the classification of multi-class motor imaginary in EEG using random forest (RF) classifier. In the proposed scheme, a four-stage binary classification tree is constructed. An RF model is trained for each stage of decision tree using features extracted from the EEG channels. The EEG band powers of each channel are the extracted features from the EEG signal. The proposed classification scheme is applied on the BCI competition IV dataset 2a recordings. The EEG data is acquired from nine subjects and the proposed scheme is performed for each subject independently. The kappa values of the proposed scheme are calculated to compare the results with the methods in the literature. It is demonstrated that the proposed classification scheme has higher kappa values than the methods in the literature. Keywords: Brain computer interface, motor imaginary, random forest.

scholarly journals Reflection as an Applied Problem in Psychology

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.K. Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Applied Problem ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Comprehensive Classification ◽  
Application Programs

The article presents some of the procedures and the results of a detailed study on reflection: analysis of the previous philosophical ideas and views, basic psychological concepts for reflection, classification of its types and species. Through specially selected and developed methodological procedures for the theoretical analysis the author has synthesized a thorough understanding of the nature of reflection as a complex phenomenon manifested in different modes — types and species. Proposed is a comprehensive classification scheme of reflection in which are divided it’s four types. Specifically addressed are the opportunities, the approaches and some achievements in converting theoretical ideas into practical application-programs, methodologies and technologies based on our knowledge of reflection. Analysis of the theoretical basis for the formation of a new, independent type of reflection — praxeological and its peculiarities. The author presents the basic guidelines and some results from the study of this fascinating human phenomenon — reflection.

RANKING OF FUEL-AIR MIXTURES IN TERMS OF THEIR PROPENSITYTO DEFLAGRATION-TO-DETONATION TRANSITION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. FROLOV ◽  
◽  
V. I. ZVEGINTSEV ◽  
V. S. AKSENOV ◽  
I. V. BILERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detonation Wave ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Deflagration To Detonation Transition ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Reactive Mixture ◽  
Detonation Transition ◽  
The One ◽  
Energy Converting

The term "detonability" with respect to fuel-air mixtures (FAMs) implies the ability of a reactive mixture of a given composition to support the propagation of a stationary detonation wave in various thermodynamic and gasdynamic conditions. The detonability of FAMs, on the one hand, determines their explosion hazards during storage, transportation, and use in various sectors of the economy and, on the other hand, the possibility of their practical application in advanced energy-converting devices operating on detonative pressure gain combustion.

Challenges of Media Education Standards in Georgia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Vekua
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Journalism Education ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The main goal of this research is to determine whether the journalism education of the leading media schools inGeorgia is adequate to modern media market’s demands and challenges. The right answer to this main questionwas found after analyzing Georgian media market’s demands, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, differentaspects of journalism education in Georgia: the historical background, development trends, evaluation ofeducational programs and curricula designs, reflection of international standards in teaching methods, studyingand working conditions.

Somatoform disorders: diseases of the civilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
I. Kukhtevich
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Organic Basis ◽  
Autonomic Disorders ◽  
The One ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Functional autonomic disorders occupy a significant part in the practice of neurologists and professionals of other specialties as well. However, there is no generally accepted classification of such disorders. In this paper the authors tried to show that functional autonomic pathology corresponds to the concept of somatoform disorders combining syndromes manifested by visceral, borderline psychopathological, neurological symptoms that do not have an organic basis. The relevance of the problem of somatoform disorders is that on the one hand many health professionals are not familiar enough with manifestations of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, often forming functional autonomic disorders, and on the other hand they overestimate somatoform symptoms that are similar to somatic diseases.

FEATURES OF OPHTHALMIC CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATED CATARACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Inna Ivanovna Lapkina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
High Prevalence

Today, around 50 million people worldwide suffer from cataracts, more than a half of them need surgical treatment. High prevalence of this pathology in Ukraine, the need to improve the provision of ophthalmic care to patients, and the reform of the health care system have made the research relevant. Concomitant diseases and special conditions of the eye increase the risk of intra− and postoperative complications, worsen the functional parameters of patients after surgery. In order to develop a unified approach to the treatment of complicated cataracts based on diagnostically related groups of patients, a retrospective analysis of case histories of patients with different variants of complications related to the condition of the lens itself, its ligament apparatus and other structures of the eye was conducted. In each case, the surgeon has to choose the appropriate modification of cataract phacoemulsification surgery. The study proposed the classification of cataract phacoemulsification modifications on the basis of the techniques and the sequence of operation stages, taking into account the classification of the degrees of turbidity of the lens, proposed by L. Buratto. It has been noted that in complicated cases, according to the indications of the patient, surgery may be performed on several modifications of cataract phacoemulsification. The developed classification made it possible to generalize the various variants of pathology and greatly facilitate the choice of tactics of surgical treatment in complicated cataracts. It can be used not only for practical application, but also for improving the qualification of trained professionals. The prospect of further research is to identify contraindications for outpatient treatment of the patients with complicated cataracts. Key words: cataract complication, classification of phacoemulsification modifications, diagnostically related groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document