scholarly journals The Importance of Lower Body Strength and Power for Future Success in Professional Men’s Basketball

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrije Čabarkapa ◽  
Andrew C. Fry ◽  
Michael T. Lane ◽  
Andrea Hudy ◽  
Patricia R. Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Load Spectrum ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Few Data

Heavy resistance exercise is often prescribed for collegiate basketball players to enhance game performance, but few data are available concerning the transference of lower body strength and power to the opportunity to play professionally after college. This study investigated if lower body muscular power and strength measures obtained during the barbell squat are related to future professional playing opportunities. The data was collected over a seven year period from a collegiate men’s basketball program (n=37; X±SD, age=20.0±1.4 yrs, hgt=1.98±0.09 m, bw=94.5±11.8 kg). Lower body strength was determined from 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests of the parallel high-bar squat. Maximum lower body squat power was determined from speed squat testing across a load spectrum (30-90% 1RM) while an external tethered dynamometer or a 3-D video motion capture system quantified barbell power. Repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc, Spearman ρ correlations, and Cohen’s D effect sizes were used to analyze the results. Subjects who subsequently played in the NBA or in professional leagues elsewhere had greater lower body strength and power. This was mainly attributed to their greater body mass, since strength and power relative to body mass was not different between the groups. Even without statistically significant differences, effect sizes consistently indicated moderate to large differences between the NBA and other professional groups when compared to those who did not play professionally. Regardless, lower body strength and power were related to post-collegiate playing opportunities, with greater values related to higher levels of professional play.

scholarly journals Comparing periodised protocols for the maintenance of strength and power in resistance-trained women

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Lian Yee
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Upper Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Training Programmes

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of daily undulating periodisation (DUP) and session undulating periodisation (SUP) for maintaining strength and power over a 3-wk period in a group of resistance-trained women.  DUP comprised one session each of strength and power training while DUP combined both strength and power training within each session.  Both training programmes were equalised for training volume and intensity.  Methods: Sixteen resistance-trained women were pre-tested for body mass, mid-arm and mid-thigh girths, one-repetition maximum (1 RM) dynamic squat (SQ) and bench press (BP), and  power during countermovement jumps (CMJ) and bench press throws (BPT). The 1 RM SQ and BP data were used to assign the participants into groups for twice a week training.  Results:  A two-way (group x time) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for time found no significant changes in body mass, mid-arm girth, 1 RM BP and SQ, and BPT and CMJ power for both groups.  However, significant changes in mid-thigh girth were found (F1, 13 = 5.733, p = 0.032). Pooled BP data indicated improved upper body strength (BP: F1, 13 = 6.346, p = 0.025) and decreased CMJ power (p = 0.016).  Conclusions:  Both DUP and SUP programmes increased upper-body strength and maintained lower-body strength adequately across a 3-wk phase probably because the participants were weaker in the upper-body and the lower-body had a reduced capacity for strength adaptations and improvements.

A Descriptive Study of Lower-Body Strength and Power in Overweight Adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Nuzzo ◽  
Michael J. Cavill ◽  
N. Travis Triplett ◽  
Jeffrey M. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Body Strength

The primary purpose of this investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of lower-body strength and vertical jump performance in overweight male (n = 8) and female (n = 13) adolescents. Maximal strength was tested in the leg press and isometric squat. Kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed in vertical jumps at various loads. When compared with females, males demonstrated significantly greater (p ≤ .05) absolute maximal strength in the leg press. However, when maximal strength was expressed relative to body mass, no significant difference was observed. There were no significant differences between males and females in vertical jump performance at body mass.

Factors That Affect Selection of Elite Women’s Sculling Crews

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent W. Lawton ◽  
John B. Cronin ◽  
Michael R. McGuigan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Performance Gains ◽  
Rowing Ergometry

Purpose:There is no common theory on criteria to appropriately select crew rowers in pursuit of small performance gains. The purpose of this study was to establish whether anthropometry, rowing ergometry, or lower body strength were suitable criteria to identify differences between selected and nonselected sculling crews.Method:Twelve elite women performed a 2000-m ergometer time trial and a 5-repetition leg-press dynamometer test, were anthropometrically profiled, and participated in on-water national crew seat-racing trials. Log-transformed data were analyzed to compare percent (± SD) and standardized differences in group means (ES; ±90% confidence interval [CI]) between selected and nonselected oarswomen, with adjustments for body mass where appropriate.Results:Selected crew boats were 4.60% ± 0.02% faster and won by an average margin of 13.5 ± 0.7 s over 1500 m. There were no differences between crews on average in height, arm span, seated height, body mass, or 8-site skinfold sum (body fat). Difference in 2000-m ergometer times were also trivial (ES = 0.2, 90%CI = −0.6 to 1.1, P = .63); however, selected crews had moderately greater leg-press strength (ES = 1.1, 90%CI = 0.3−1.9, P = .03).Conclusion:Selected oarswomen with comparable anthropometry and 2000-m ergometer ability had greater lower body strength. Coaches of elite oarswomen might consider leg strength as part of crew-selection criteria, given acceptable on-water boatmanship and attainment of 2000-m ergometer benchmarks.

scholarly journals MISMATCH BETWEEN PERCEIVED AND OBJECTIVE MOTOR IMPROVEMENTS WITH ADAPTED TANGO INTERVENTION IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S170-S170
Author(s):  
Crystal Bennett ◽  
Nathalie Angel ◽  
Madeleine Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Abstract The purpose of this secondary analysis was to assess the relationship between objective and subjective perceptions of motor function measures in older adults following a 12 week adapted tango or health education intervention. A quasi-experimental, two-group, repeated-measures design was used. The study took place in diverse senior independent living communities in an urban metropolitan area. 74 older adults participated (Tango: n= 62, age: 82.3 (8.81) years; Education: n=12, age: 84.1 (7.86) years). Participants were assigned to 20 sessions of 90-minute tango (n = 62) or health education (n = 12) classes over 12 weeks. Motor function, depression, mental and physical quality of life were measured before and after intervention. At post-test, participants indicated their level of agreement with statements that they improved in the objectively measured domains of motor function. Correlations were performed between subjectively rated agreement, and changes in motor function and depression/quality of life. Tango subjective ratings were negatively correlated with empirically observed improvements in balance (r= -.423) and endurance (r= -.241); although their ratings moderately correlated positively with coordination (r=.319) and minimally correlated positively with lower body strength (r=.188). In Tango, decreased depression was positively correlated with self-perceived improved lower body strength (r=.271) and endurance (r= .254). Improved mental function was moderately (r=.423) positively correlated with self-perceived improved balance and coordination (r=.306). After rehabilitation, even in the presence of improved depression and quality of life, older adults may not perceive empirically observed motor function improvements, particularly in balance and lower body strength.

scholarly journals Impact of an 11-Week Strength and Conditioning Program on Firefighter Trainee Fitness

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L. Stone ◽  
Brent A. Alvar ◽  
Robin M. Orr ◽  
Robert G. Lockie ◽  
Quincy R. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Conditioning Session ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Academy Training ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Physical fitness is an important aspect of physical health and wellbeing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 11-weeks of formal strength and conditioning training conducted during fire academy training on the physical fitness characteristics of firefighter trainees. Archived physical fitness data for 23 male fire academy trainees (age: 27.6 ± 4.3 y; height: 178.5 ± 6.9 cm; body mass [BM]: 83.9 ± 1.8 kg; BM index [BMI]: 26.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2) were analyzed for this study. These data included vertical jump height, maximum pull-up repetitions, hand grip strength, lower-body strength (3RM Hexbar) and aerobic fitness. Trainees performed three sessions per week (two resistance training sessions and one aerobic conditioning session) in addition to fire academy training. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant (p < 0.05) pre-post decreases in BM and BMI and significant increases in upper- and lower-body strength, and aerobic fitness. Strength and conditioning programs are beneficial for improving firefighter trainees’ physical fitness even when run concurrently with fire academy training and with limited space and equipment. This increased fitness may aid in mitigating known occupational injury risks to this population and improve task performance.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Measures of Functional and Isometric Lower Body Strength, Aerobic Capacity, Anaerobic Power, Sprint and Countermovement Jump Performance in Professional Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Michał Boraczyński ◽  
Tomasz Boraczyński ◽  
Robert Podstawski ◽  
Zbigniew Wójcik ◽  
Piotr Gronek
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess a wide range of physiological and performance variables and investigate whether and to what extent these variables are associated with each other in soccer. Twenty-five male soccer players (25.1 ± 4.56 years; body mass, 75.2 ± 5.92 kg; body height, 180.6 ± 5.45 cm) performed: 5- and 30-m sprints (T5m and T30m, respectively), 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) half squat, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the knee extensors, countermovement jump (CMJ) to obtain vertical jump height (CMJheight) and power output (CMJpower), the 10-s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) to obtain peak power (Pmax), and the 20-m multi-stage shuttle run test (MST) to evaluate aerobic capacity. 1RM, MVIC, and Pmax were normalized to body mass. Large negative correlations were found between sprint times and 1RM half back squat/BM (r = -0.510 to -0.570, r2 = 0.260–0.325, both p < 0.01) and Pmax/BM (r = -0.501, r2 = 0.251, p < 0.01). T30m most strongly and negatively correlated with CMJheight (r = -0.744, r2 = 0.554, p < 0.001). WAnT-determined Pmax showed a very large correlation between absolute Pmax and knee-extensor MVIC (r = 0.827, r2 = 0.684, p < 0.001) and large correlations between absolute Pmax and 1RM half squat (r = 0.674, r2 = 0.454, p < 0.001) and CMJpower (r = 0.579, r2 = 0.335, p < 0.01). We also identified a large inverse relationship between CMJheight and T30m (r = -0.744, r2 = 0.554, p < 0.001) and large positive correlation between CMJheight and MVIC/BM (r = 0.702, p < 0.001). The results demonstrate that elite soccer players with greater lower body strength (quantified by the MVIC of the knee extensor and the 1RM half squat) show better sprint and CMJ performance, suggesting the incorporation of soccer-specific resistance training to develop lower body musculature and therefore maximize sprinting ability. The higher correlation coefficients found between T30m and the physiological and athletic measures compared with T5m promote the use of this sprint distance when assessing performance. The use of relative measures (normalized to body mass) is advisable when comparing strength variables with sprint and CMJ performance or anaerobic power. Considering the correlations of WAnT-determined Pmax versus CMJpower, coaches should administer tests that assess jumping and linear sprint performance rather than the cycling-specific WAnT.

scholarly journals Ejercicios físicos diarios de intensidad moderada en el interior del aula mejora la fuerza de tren inferior y la agilidad en escolares: un estudio cuasi experimental (Daily moderate-intensity physical exercises inside the classroom improves lower body str

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 585-594
Author(s):  
Gaston Eduardo Ibañez Rojas ◽  
Ivana Leao Ribeiro ◽  
Patricio Andres Inostroza Dominguez ◽  
Daniela Margarita Vergara Rojas ◽  
Ricardo Souza de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Shuttle Run

 El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los cambios en la condición física y en el índice de masa corporal que se producen en una intervención de 16 semanas en escolares en . Setenta tres escolares (n=34 niñas; n=39 niños) con edad entre los 8 y 9 años recibieron las siguientes evaluaciones: flexibilidad de la musculatura dorsal de espalda (mediante la prueba de weels), fuerza muscular (mediante la prueba pararse y sentarse), agilidad (mediante la prueba 4x10m shuttle run) y índice de masa corporal (IMC) utilizando un estadiómetro y una balanza. Se aplicó un programa de entrenamiento con ejercicios de flexibilidad, fuerza y resistencia (30 minutos, 5x/semana). Hubo una disminución del IMC (diferencia de 0.60kg/cm2 en ambos géneros), aumento de la fuerza (10.4 repeticiones en niñas y 11.6 en niños) y mejora de la agilidad (0.91 segundos en niñas y 0.71 segundos en niños: p<0.05 en todas las comparaciones y tamaño de efecto entre 0.20-1.77 en niñas y 0.18-2.34 en niños). El índice de obesidad y sobrepeso entre el alumnado de la clase se vio reducido en un 5.3% y 5.9%, respectivamente. No hubo diferencias respecto a la flexibilidad (p>0.05). Un entrenamiento diario en el interior del aula sin implementación y en un espacio de un metro cuadrado , mejora la fuerza de tren inferior y la agilidad en escolares.  Abstract. The objective of the study was to determine the changes in physical condition and body mass index that occur in a 16-week intervention in schoolchildren inside the classroom. Seventy-three schoolchildren (n=34 girls; n=39 boys) between the ages of 8 and 9 received the following evaluations: flexibility of the dorsal back muscles, through the weels test, muscular strength, through the standing and sitting test, agility, through the 4x10m shuttle test run and body mass index (BMI) using a stadiometer and scale. A training program was applied with flexibility, strength and resistance exercises were performed (30 minutes, 5x/ week). There was a decrease in BMI, (difference of 0.60kg/cm2 in both genders), increase in strength (10.4 repetitions in girls and 11.6 in boys) and improvement of the agility (0.91 seconds in girls and 0.71 seconds in boys), p<0.05 in all comparisons and effect size between 0.20-1.77 in girls and 0.18-2.34 in boys. The rate of obesity and overweight among the students in the class was reduced by one 5.3% and 5.9% respectively. There were no differences in flexibility (p>0.05). A daily training in schoolchildren without implementation and in a space of one square meter decreases BMI, improves lower body strength and agility in schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Effect of Inter-Repetition Rest vs. Traditional Strength Training on Lower Body Strength, Rate of Force Development, and Muscle Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Zaras ◽  
Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki ◽  
Polyxeni Spiliopoulou ◽  
Thomas Mpampoulis ◽  
Marios Hadjicharalambous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
Rate Of Force Development ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Force Development ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of seven weeks inter-repetition rest vs. traditional strength training on lower body strength, rate of force development (RFD), and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle architecture. Sixteen male participants were assigned into two groups: the inter-repetition rest (IRRG) and the traditional (TG) group. Both groups performed the leg press exercise with four sets of six maximum repetitions (RM) for two training sessions per week. IRRG added a 20 s inter-repetition rest period between single repetitions. Before and after the training period, 1-RM in leg press, isometric leg press RFD, and peak force (PF), VL muscle architecture, vastus intermedius (VI) thickness, and quadriceps’ cross sectional area (CSA) with ultrasonography, were measured. Two way ANOVA for repeated measures was used for statistics. One-RM strength increased similarly for both groups (p < 0.05), while percentage increases in RFD were greater for IRRG compared to TG (p < 0.05). Isometric PF was increased similarly for both groups (p < 0.05). VL and VI thickness as well as CSA of the quadriceps increased similarly in both groups, while VL fascicle length increased more following IRRG compared to TG (IRRG: 4.8 ± 6.1% vs. TG: −3.9 ± 5.4%, p = 0.001). These results suggest that 20 s inter-repetition rest during strength training may effectively increase lower body explosive strength and muscle fascicle length without compromising muscle hypertrophy.

scholarly journals The effect of 8 weeks deep-aquatic exercises on static balance and lower body strength among elderly men

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Seyed jafari ◽  
Mansour Sahebozamani ◽  
Ramin Beyranvand ◽  
Ehsan Ebrahimipour ◽  
Mahbobeh Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aquatic Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Back ground: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of deep aquatic exercises on lower body strength and balance among elderly men. Methods: Thirty elderly men over 65 years old were randomly divided into two equal groups including experimental and control groups. Experimental group participated in a deep aquatic exercise program that consisted of 60-minute sessions three times a week for 8 weeks while control group had no plan of exercise.  Muscle strength and balance was assessed before and after the program as pre and post-test by HHD (Hand-Held Dynamometer) and BBS (Biodex Balance System) respectively. Repeated measures two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on outcome variables.(p≥0.05).  Results: deep aquatic exercises promoted significant increases in the elderly men's muscle strength and balance, as assessed using HHD (p< 0.001) and the BBS (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The present deep-aquatic exercise training for the elderly are able to improve the muscle strength and static balance.

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