scholarly journals Effects of accelerated ageing and cryopreservation on seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris L and Arachis hypogaea L. Germination and seedlings vigor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tacán ◽  
César Tapia ◽  
César Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Droplet Vitrification ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

The effects of artificial aging and cryopreservation methods on the germination of seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris and Arachis hypogaea , were studied. Aging and cryopreservation treatments in bean seeds not affect the germination percentage, reaching values not significantly different from control. Germination percentage was higher when isolated embryonic axes were studied. Aging treatments gave rise to larger bean seedlings than the controls and cryopreservation treatments affected the size depending on the explant used. In groundnut seeds, aging treatments and cryopreservation positively affected germination and vigor of seedlings, but embryonic axes from not rehydrated aging seeds not germinate. Undried groundnut seeds not survive cryopreservation, while the dried ones showed a germination behavior superior to the control. Embryonic axes tolerate immersion in liquid nitrogen but when droplet-vitrification was used, formed callus instead of seedlings. Electrolyte leakage was always higher in embryonic axes than in seeds, both in beans and groundnut, and not to have a significant effect, under the conditions studied, on germination and vigor of seedlings. The present study evidences the possibility of cryopreserving, by simple procedures, germplasm of beans and groundnut, and to verify the aging tolerance of the seeds and embryonic axes of these important species.

scholarly journals Effects of accelerated ageing and cryopreservation on seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris L and Arachis hypogaea L. Germination and seedlings vigor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tacán ◽  
César Tapia ◽  
César Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Droplet Vitrification ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

The effects of artificial aging and cryopreservation methods on the germination of seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris and Arachis hypogaea , were studied. Aging and cryopreservation treatments in bean seeds not affect the germination percentage, reaching values not significantly different from control. Germination percentage was higher when isolated embryonic axes were studied. Aging treatments gave rise to larger bean seedlings than the controls and cryopreservation treatments affected the size depending on the explant used. In groundnut seeds, aging treatments and cryopreservation positively affected germination and vigor of seedlings, but embryonic axes from not rehydrated aging seeds not germinate. Undried groundnut seeds not survive cryopreservation, while the dried ones showed a germination behavior superior to the control. Embryonic axes tolerate immersion in liquid nitrogen but when droplet-vitrification was used, formed callus instead of seedlings. Electrolyte leakage was always higher in embryonic axes than in seeds, both in beans and groundnut, and not to have a significant effect, under the conditions studied, on germination and vigor of seedlings. The present study evidences the possibility of cryopreserving, by simple procedures, germplasm of beans and groundnut, and to verify the aging tolerance of the seeds and embryonic axes of these important species.

scholarly journals Effects of drought and flooding on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.): a comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
AH Erhenhi
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of drought and flooding on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were carried out and compared. Plant growth parameters, biomass content, chlorophyll, ash and soil metal content were studied. The result showed that bean was 21.3cm, 21.8cm and 21.1cm for control, drought and flooding while groundnut recorded 19.9cm, 102.3cm and 18.6cm for control, drought and flooding respectively. Biomass composition recorded little or no variation in fresh weight of stem in bean while groundnut varies from 4.77g – 5.05g accordingly. Leaf recorded highest value of fresh weight to be 6.44g recorded in bean cultivated in drought soil with the least recorded to be 3.61 in the control and flooded soil for groundnut plant. The result of the study showed that drought and flooding had relatively positive effects on the growth properties of bean and groundnut as both plants were able to germinate and grow under both conditions. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 189-196, 2020

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of Arachis Hypogaea L. Varieties, from the INIAP-Ecuador Germplasm Bank

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tacán ◽  
César Tapia ◽  
César Pérez ◽  
Eddie Zambrano ◽  
Alma Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is recognized as one of the most important legume crops globally for its use in human food; it is widely distributed and cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cryopreservation of five peanut varieties conserved in the INIAP Germplasm Bank, testing cryopreservation methods, evaluating the germination percentage of whole seeds and embryonic shoots. Subsequently, two quantitative variables, shoot length and root, were evaluated. The average germination percentage of varieties and treatments was higher when embryonic axes were isolated with 99.31% than 86.06% seeds. The best germination percentage of the five varieties for seeds and embryonic shoots was obtained by the Peruvian variety with 88.13% and 92.50%. The best treatments by variety for the germination of whole seeds and embryonic axes were obtained by the treatment (desiccation and NL) for whole seeds (GS2) with 95.42% and embryonic axes with 92.83%. Ageing and cryopreservation treatments positively affected germination and seedling vigor in whole seeds and embryonic axes. The two quantitative variables, shoot and root length showed variability between the five varieties; significant differences were observed between the four treatments evaluated for whole seeds and embryonic axes. The three treatments for whole seeds (GS1, GS2 GS3) and the non-cryopreserved control treatment (GSC), as well as the treatments for embryonic axes (GEA1, GEA2 GEA3) and the non-cryopreserved control treatment (GEAC), obtained good survival. They germinate whole seeds and embryonic axes with sprout development (aerial part) and root formation. With the most effective treatments for whole seeds (GS2) and embryonic axes (GEA2), the cryopreservation of the national peanut collection of the INIAP Germplasm Bank could be started.

scholarly journals Phytostimulation and growth promotion activities of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1172-1179
Author(s):  
M. Ayyandurai ◽  
R. Akila ◽  
K. Manonmani ◽  
M. Theradimani ◽  
S. Vellaikumar
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) suffers from many soil borne pathogens that deteriorate the quality of the seeds and are responsible for high yield loss. Practically Trichoderma sp. is used for seed treatment, it minimizes the seed and soil borne pathogens and supports plant growth promotion activities. In the present study, five different isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from groundnut (A. hypogaea ) rhizosphere soil. All the five isolates were confirmed by morphological methods and using molecular tools through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of Trichoderma sp. and DNA gets amplified in 650 bp to 700 bp. Trichoderma spp. were molecularly identified as T(SP)-20 (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), T(AR)-10 (T. asperellum), T(VT)-3 (T. hamatum), T(BI)-16 (T. longibrachiatum), T(TK)-23 (T. citrinoviride). Phytostimulation activities of all the six isolates viz., phosphate solubilization, Ammonia production, IAA production, and Siderophore production, were evaluated. Among the six isolates, T(SP)-20, T(AR)-10, and TNAU-TA showed higher phytostimulation activities. The growth promotion of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut was assessed through the roll towel method. The isolate T(SP)-20 (T. longibrachiatum) produced the highest germination percentage of 93.33 and vigor index of 2246.2. This work developed a new isolate of T. longibrachiatum (T(SP)-20) which is a native isolate having significant  phytostimulation and growth promotion activities and it could be exploited for other soil borne disease managing successfully.

Isolation of peroxidase from bean and millet compared with that from peanut

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1432-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. van Huystee ◽  
M. Malko ◽  
K. Wen ◽  
M. Gijzen
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Ideal System

Purification of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) peroxidase in milligram amounts is feasible through its isolation from spent medium of cultured cells. Using the same and modified approaches for another cultured dicot and a monocot yielded only low amounts of peroxidase for bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and millet (Setaria italica Beav.). We showed that the procedures used for millet rendered a purer fraction than the commercial crude fraction available for horseradish. The data suggest that cultured peanut cells in suspension culture are an ideal system for isolation of peroxidase in terms of the ease of purification and yield. Key words: peanut, bean, millet, peroxidase, purification, tissue.

Plant Recovery from Embryonic Axes of Deteriorated Peanut Seed for Germplasm Renewal1

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Morris ◽  
S. Dunn ◽  
R. N. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Plant Recovery ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Embryo Axes

Abstract Embryo axes explants from deteriorated seed of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were incubated at a 16 hr photoperiod at 26 C on an MSB5 medium containing MS salts, B5 vitamins, 20 g/L sucrose, and 8 g/L agar. Five to 8-wk-old plants regenerated from embryonic axes were transplanted to Jiffy pots in the greenhouse. Thirty-two samples of deteriorated seed between 2 and 32 yr old were evaluated. Significant differences in organogenesis were observed between different seed accessions. Shoots and roots were recovered from 74 and 36%, respectively, of embryonic axes explants. In the same experiment, seed producing plants were recovered from 14- to 31-yr-old deteriorated seed of E-2, PI 275704, Macrocarpa, G33, G34, G64, Strain No. 5, TMV 3, PI 290608, PI 295981, Sekelembwe, PI 298879, PI 337300, and PI 371850, by in vitro rescue of embryonic axes, while no plants were recovered from seed of 31 seed accessions germinated in the field. The in vitro rescue of embryonic axes can significantly increase the recovery of germplasm from deteriorated seed of peanut.

scholarly journals Performance of Pod Orientation at Sowing on Germination and Its Related Attributes in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nivethadevi ◽  
E. Sobhana ◽  
C. Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Germination Value

Background: A Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India during summer, 2020 to evaluate performance of different orientations of double pod sowing in comparison with kernel sowing (practice) on germination variability, yield and its related parameters of peanut. Methods: The experiment set up with four treatments replicated four times with pods sowing orientations viz., i) Sowing with vertical posterior-upwards ii) Vertical posterior-downwards iii) horizontal sowing and iv) sowing with kernels. Result: Results showed a little variation in germination between sowing orientation of double pods compared to kernel sowing. Though, mean germination percentage, germination energy, germination value and emergence energy value were higher in kernel sowing, pod sowing with vertical-posterior downwards elevated germination percent up to 97.45% and also inflated germination attributes and yield.

scholarly journals Salinity Stress in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seed Germination

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alihan COKKIZGIN
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Coefficient Of Velocity

In this study, the effect of five different levels of salt (NaCl) on the germination of Phaseolus vulgaris L. seed was investigated. Laboratory experiment with completely randomized design comprising three replicates in Petri dishes was conducted at Gaziantep University Vocational School of Higher Education in Nurdagi to determine the salt effects on common bean germination. The germination of the cultivar (Tegmen) was studied using distilled water (control) and under osmotic potential of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 MPa NaCl. The results indicated that the Mean germination time (MGT), Germination index (GI), Coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG), Germination percentage (GP), and Seed vigor index (SVI) varied between 3.13 and 3.78 days, 6.88 and 3.93, 0.156 and 0.153, 90 and 60%, and 867.0 and 290.3, respectively. Significant differences were found among NaCl treatments in terms of GI, GP, and SVI. All the examined parameters were decreased with increasing NaCl concentration, except MGT. The max and min GI, GP, CVG, and SVI were observed at the control condition (0.0 MPa) and highest osmotic potential (1.5 MPa) of NaCl, respectively. Correlation coefficient between all possible combinations was estimated and the results indicated that MGT, GI, GP, CVG, and SVI had significant positive or negative correlation with each other.

scholarly journals SEED GERMINATION AND RADICLE ESTABLISHMENT RELATED TO TYPE AND LEVEL OF SALT IN COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. VAR. DJEDIDA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-277
Author(s):  
L.M. MANSOURI ◽  
N. HELEILI ◽  
Z.F. BOUKHATEM ◽  
A. KHELOUFI
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Secondary Roots

Saline soils contain multiple types of salt, each of them may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of five types of salt on the seed germination and radicle establishment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Djedida). The experiment was set out as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications of ten seeds for the seed germination and twelve replicates for the seedling growth. We used five kinds of salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, CaCO3 and KCl) with concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM. Seeds were incubated in Petri dishes at 25°C, in the dark, for 10 days. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the effects of salt types and concentrations, and their interaction effect were significant in all measured traits (P< 0.01). However, no significance effect was found on secondary roots number and seedlings dry biomass with CaCO3 treatment solution. According to the results, the inhibitory effects of the five salt types differed significantly. Indeed, germination of common bean seeds by various salts were in the order of NaCl > KCl > CaCO3 > Na2SO4 > CaCl2. However, the taproot length, the number of secondary roots and the seedlings dry weight by various salts were in the order of CaCO3 > KCl > NaCl > CaCl2 > Na2SO4. The effect of salt concentration was also obvious. The reduction in dry biomass of cotyledons is proportional to germination rates and to the development of seedlings in dry biomass and in size. Seeds of P. vulgaris var. Djedida were able to germinate under all concentrations of the various types of salt. The lowest final germination percentage (FGP) was obtained under 300 mM of all salts recording the following values: CaCO3 - 60%, NaCl - 60%, KCl - 52.5%, Na2SO4 - 50% and CaCl2 - 27.5%. During germination stage, the radicle emergence would be controlled by the environment osmolarity, while the later growth of the seedling would be limited by the reserve mobilization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document