Cryopreservation of Arachis Hypogaea L. Varieties, from the INIAP-Ecuador Germplasm Bank

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is recognized as one of the most important legume crops globally for its use in human food; it is widely distributed and cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cryopreservation of five peanut varieties conserved in the INIAP Germplasm Bank, testing cryopreservation methods, evaluating the germination percentage of whole seeds and embryonic shoots. Subsequently, two quantitative variables, shoot length and root, were evaluated. The average germination percentage of varieties and treatments was higher when embryonic axes were isolated with 99.31% than 86.06% seeds. The best germination percentage of the five varieties for seeds and embryonic shoots was obtained by the Peruvian variety with 88.13% and 92.50%. The best treatments by variety for the germination of whole seeds and embryonic axes were obtained by the treatment (desiccation and NL) for whole seeds (GS2) with 95.42% and embryonic axes with 92.83%. Ageing and cryopreservation treatments positively affected germination and seedling vigor in whole seeds and embryonic axes. The two quantitative variables, shoot and root length showed variability between the five varieties; significant differences were observed between the four treatments evaluated for whole seeds and embryonic axes. The three treatments for whole seeds (GS1, GS2 GS3) and the non-cryopreserved control treatment (GSC), as well as the treatments for embryonic axes (GEA1, GEA2 GEA3) and the non-cryopreserved control treatment (GEAC), obtained good survival. They germinate whole seeds and embryonic axes with sprout development (aerial part) and root formation. With the most effective treatments for whole seeds (GS2) and embryonic axes (GEA2), the cryopreservation of the national peanut collection of the INIAP Germplasm Bank could be started.

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Effects of accelerated ageing and cryopreservation on seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris L and Arachis hypogaea L. Germination and seedlings vigor

10.7287/peerj.preprints.3203v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Marcelo Tacán ◽

César Tapia ◽

César Pérez

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Artificial Aging ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Accelerated Ageing ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Embryonic Axes ◽

Important Species ◽

Droplet Vitrification ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

The effects of artificial aging and cryopreservation methods on the germination of seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris and Arachis hypogaea , were studied. Aging and cryopreservation treatments in bean seeds not affect the germination percentage, reaching values not significantly different from control. Germination percentage was higher when isolated embryonic axes were studied. Aging treatments gave rise to larger bean seedlings than the controls and cryopreservation treatments affected the size depending on the explant used. In groundnut seeds, aging treatments and cryopreservation positively affected germination and vigor of seedlings, but embryonic axes from not rehydrated aging seeds not germinate. Undried groundnut seeds not survive cryopreservation, while the dried ones showed a germination behavior superior to the control. Embryonic axes tolerate immersion in liquid nitrogen but when droplet-vitrification was used, formed callus instead of seedlings. Electrolyte leakage was always higher in embryonic axes than in seeds, both in beans and groundnut, and not to have a significant effect, under the conditions studied, on germination and vigor of seedlings. The present study evidences the possibility of cryopreserving, by simple procedures, germplasm of beans and groundnut, and to verify the aging tolerance of the seeds and embryonic axes of these important species.

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Effects of accelerated ageing and cryopreservation on seeds and embryonic axes of Phaseolus vulgaris L and Arachis hypogaea L. Germination and seedlings vigor

10.7287/peerj.preprints.3203 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Marcelo Tacán ◽

César Tapia ◽

César Pérez

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Artificial Aging ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Accelerated Ageing ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Embryonic Axes ◽

Important Species ◽

Droplet Vitrification ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF TITANIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND BULK ON GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITY OF AVENA SATIVA L. SEEDS

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities ◽

10.30825/5.ejpau.199.2021.24.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Moein Iranmanesh ◽

◽

Abolfazl Beyraghdar ◽

Homa Mahmoodzadeh ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Titanium Oxide ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Seedling Vigor ◽

Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Vigor Index ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

Peroxidase Enzyme

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different concentrations of nano and bulk titanium oxide on germination characteristics and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Avena Sativa L. The titanium oxide nanoparticles diameter was determined about 40 nm using AFM, DLS, XRD analysis. In this study, based on a completely randomized design, seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing different concentrations of nano and bulk titanium oxide (50, 150, 250, 350 ppm). Three replications were considered for each concentration and the germination factors and antioxidant enzyme activity in the treated plant were compared with the control. The average data were compared using one-way ANOVA analysis and DUNCAN tests. According to the results, the following parameters of seedling vigor index, root length, dry weight, wet weight, guaiacol peroxidase enzyme, and polyphenol oxidase were statistically significant. The highest germination percentage, relative germination percentage, germination rate, weight germination index and shoot length were observed at 250 ppm bulk titanium oxide. In addition, the highest average germination time, seedling vigor index, optimum seedling index, and root length were observed in 50 ppm bulk titanium oxide treatment and the highest shoot length was observed in 250 ppm nano-titanium oxide treatment. In the enzyme activity, the highest activity of guaiacol peroxidase enzyme was observed in 150 ppm bulk titanium oxide treatment and the highest Polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity was observed in bulk titanium oxide 350 ppm treatment.

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Abscisic acid (ABA) inhibition of lateral root formation involves endogenous ABA biosynthesis in Arachis hypogaea L.

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-009-9365-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 173-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Dongliang Guo ◽

Jianhua Liang ◽

Ling Li

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Lateral Root ◽

Root Formation ◽

Lateral Root Formation ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Aba Biosynthesis ◽

Endogenous Aba

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Phytostimulation and growth promotion activities of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crop

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v13i4.2936 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1172-1179

Author(s):

M. Ayyandurai ◽

R. Akila ◽

K. Manonmani ◽

M. Theradimani ◽

S. Vellaikumar

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Its Region ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

High Yield ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Soil Borne Pathogens ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) suffers from many soil borne pathogens that deteriorate the quality of the seeds and are responsible for high yield loss. Practically Trichoderma sp. is used for seed treatment, it minimizes the seed and soil borne pathogens and supports plant growth promotion activities. In the present study, five different isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from groundnut (A. hypogaea ) rhizosphere soil. All the five isolates were confirmed by morphological methods and using molecular tools through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of Trichoderma sp. and DNA gets amplified in 650 bp to 700 bp. Trichoderma spp. were molecularly identified as T(SP)-20 (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), T(AR)-10 (T. asperellum), T(VT)-3 (T. hamatum), T(BI)-16 (T. longibrachiatum), T(TK)-23 (T. citrinoviride). Phytostimulation activities of all the six isolates viz., phosphate solubilization, Ammonia production, IAA production, and Siderophore production, were evaluated. Among the six isolates, T(SP)-20, T(AR)-10, and TNAU-TA showed higher phytostimulation activities. The growth promotion of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut was assessed through the roll towel method. The isolate T(SP)-20 (T. longibrachiatum) produced the highest germination percentage of 93.33 and vigor index of 2246.2. This work developed a new isolate of T. longibrachiatum (T(SP)-20) which is a native isolate having significant phytostimulation and growth promotion activities and it could be exploited for other soil borne disease managing successfully.

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Plant Recovery from Embryonic Axes of Deteriorated Peanut Seed for Germplasm Renewal1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/pnut.22.1.0015 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 66-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. B. Morris ◽

S. Dunn ◽

R. N. Pittman

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Peanut Seed ◽

Embryonic Axes ◽

Plant Recovery ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Two Samples ◽

Embryo Axes

Abstract Embryo axes explants from deteriorated seed of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were incubated at a 16 hr photoperiod at 26 C on an MSB5 medium containing MS salts, B5 vitamins, 20 g/L sucrose, and 8 g/L agar. Five to 8-wk-old plants regenerated from embryonic axes were transplanted to Jiffy pots in the greenhouse. Thirty-two samples of deteriorated seed between 2 and 32 yr old were evaluated. Significant differences in organogenesis were observed between different seed accessions. Shoots and roots were recovered from 74 and 36%, respectively, of embryonic axes explants. In the same experiment, seed producing plants were recovered from 14- to 31-yr-old deteriorated seed of E-2, PI 275704, Macrocarpa, G33, G34, G64, Strain No. 5, TMV 3, PI 290608, PI 295981, Sekelembwe, PI 298879, PI 337300, and PI 371850, by in vitro rescue of embryonic axes, while no plants were recovered from seed of 31 seed accessions germinated in the field. The in vitro rescue of embryonic axes can significantly increase the recovery of germplasm from deteriorated seed of peanut.

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Allelopathic Influence of Sorghum Aqueous Extracts and Sorghum Powder on Germination Indices and Seedling Vigor of Hybrid Corn and Jungle Rice

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582020380100005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

Author(s):

S. YAR ◽

E.A. KHAN ◽

I. HUSSAIN ◽

B. RAZA ◽

M.S. ABBAS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Seedling Vigor ◽

Single Cross ◽

Untreated Check ◽

Germination Indices ◽

Better Than

ABSTRACT: Allelopathy has become a paramount tool for controlling weeds in crop plants without deteriorating the environment. Allelopathic effects of sorghum aqueous extracts and sorghum powder on a single cross maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid “HC-8080” and a summer weed, jungle rice (Echinochloa colona L.) were assessed in the research laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan. The treatments included: T1: control (untreated check), T2: sorghum aqueous extract at a rate of 5 mL kg-1 soil, T3: sorghum aqueous extract at a rate of 10 mL kg-1 soil, T4: sorghum aqueous extract at a rate of 15 mL kg-1 soil, T5: sorghum powder at a rate of 5 g kg-1 soil, T6: sorghum powder at a rate of 10 g kg-1 soil and T7: sorghum powder at a rate of 15 g kg-1 soil. The results unveiled that sorghum aqueous extract at a rate of 15 mL kg-1 soil was the most deleterious treatment which reduced the germination percentage (GP) in maize and E. colona by 23.57% and 47.03%, germination index (GI) by 22.30% and 42.14%, root length by 32.25% and 62.54% and shoot length by 23.22% and 62.76%, respectively over control. Similarly, 15 g kg-1 soil sorghum powder reduced the same parameters respectively by 18.85% and 41.09%, 15% and 33.53%, 9.3% and 54.69% and 15.88% and 45.34% in maize and E. colona, respectively and stood better than other powder treatments. Therefore it is concluded that sorghum extracts and powder can both be used to control weeds efficiently but their deleterious effect on the corresponding crop should also be an important consideration.

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Performance of Pod Orientation at Sowing on Germination and Its Related Attributes in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5693 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

P. Nivethadevi ◽

E. Sobhana ◽

C. Swaminathan

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Energy Value ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Agricultural College ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Set Up ◽

Germination Value

Background: A Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India during summer, 2020 to evaluate performance of different orientations of double pod sowing in comparison with kernel sowing (practice) on germination variability, yield and its related parameters of peanut. Methods: The experiment set up with four treatments replicated four times with pods sowing orientations viz., i) Sowing with vertical posterior-upwards ii) Vertical posterior-downwards iii) horizontal sowing and iv) sowing with kernels. Result: Results showed a little variation in germination between sowing orientation of double pods compared to kernel sowing. Though, mean germination percentage, germination energy, germination value and emergence energy value were higher in kernel sowing, pod sowing with vertical-posterior downwards elevated germination percent up to 97.45% and also inflated germination attributes and yield.

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Seed Priming Significantly Affects Germination and Post Germination Early Seedling Growth in Okra

Malaysian Journal of Halal Research Journal ◽

10.2478/mjhr-2021-0003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Rima Rima

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Seedling Height ◽

Seedling Vigor ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Early Seedling Growth ◽

Early Seedling

AbstractSeed priming significantly affects germination and post germination emergence in seedling of plants. Okra is an important vegetable plays significant role in human nutrition. However, little information is available regarding effect of seed priming on germination and post germination early vegetative growth. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of seed priming on the emergence and seedling vigor in different okra varieties. Six local Bangladeshi okra varieties were primed in water for 24 hours and evaluated their germination and post germination emergence. The varieties were named as V1-V6 (V1 = Flash power, V2 = Durga, V3 = BARI dheros-2, V4 =Okra pornota, V5 =Dandy all green, V6 = Boishakhi). Post priming evaluation was done based on germination percentage, root-shoot length of seedlings, seedling height, and dry weight of seedlings, germination index and speed of germination at different days after sowing (5-15 DAS). Highest germination was observed in V3 (88.00%) and lowest was in V5 (25.33%). Root length was highest in V3 and V4 (8.77cm) and lowest was observed in V2 (5.15cm). Shoot length of the seedlings was highest in V3 (7.94cm) followed by V1 (7.33). Shoot length of the seedlings was lowest in V5 (5.12cm). Seedling height was highest in V3 (16.71cm) which was followed by V6 (16.26cm). The lowest seedling height was observed in V1 (12.50cm). Dry weight of the seedlings was highest in V3 (2.32g) which was followed in V1 (2.26g). The lowest dry weight was observed in V5 (1.99g). The variety V3 performed better in most of the evaluated parameters and suggested for commercial cultivation.

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