scholarly journals ICONOCLASTS AND COUNTER TERRORISM AGAINST STATE ORGANIZED TERROR: A STUDY OF PERSPECTIVES IN NIGERIAN HISTORY AND DRAMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebisi Ademakinwa ◽  
Saheed Bello
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Political Sphere

The paper assesses the issue of terrorism as a social reality present in the Nigerian state from its origination and the questions treated by the paper among others include: what dimensions did the occurrences of terrorism take on Nigerian socio-political sphere? What are the counter measures taken by individual and groups in dealing with state organized terrorism? What are the dimensions state organized terrorism take in the modern Nigerian state? Lekan Balogun‟s Ogun Skugga is used primarily while other literary works are used to supplement. The paper argues that the state organized terrorism was a surreptitious method of coercion adopted by the colonial authorities equally and eventually adopted by the political elites after independence. It also maintains that individual and groups engaged in subtle and overt terrorism as counter measure against state sponsored terrorism. Again, current acts of terrorism organized by state are multidimensional so also are variables presented by ethnic, tribal and political inclinations which in turn stimulate approaches by individual and groups in counter measures. The importance of this work is the perspectives it presents from history and drama to assess the issue of terrorism and its relevance to modern Nigerian society.

scholarly journals Secret organisations and their overt politics

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Markiewicz
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Political Sphere

In line with the concept of politics developed by ancient Greeks, the political sphere is identified with transparency and overtness. However, it has always been hiding secret actions, conspiracies and collusions. The emergence of the modern model of the state, along with the rationalisation of its structures, enabled the secret equivalents of authority to transform into organisations, i.e. institutions alternative to official organisations, established by law and having specific powers. Rather than talking about actual organisations, the author discusses the process whereby these secret, underground structures turn into organisations that influence the sphere of overt politics. She tries to show that this is a specific kind of game between what is explicit and public and what is concealed and secret. This game is constantly present in political activities, although we seldom realise it.

The foundations of the state: emerging urban–rural clevages in transitions countries

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Johannsen
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Cleavage Structure

Using secondary data from 21 post-communist countries, a map of urban–rural cleavages is produced. The findings are that while persistent cleavages exist with respect to attitudes toward the state, the market and traditional institutions, these cleavages have yet to be institutionalized within the political system. Deviations from the generalized pattern can typically be explained by the intrusion of the state-building process into the urban–rural cleavage structure. Furthermore, it is argued that the lack of institutionalization has led to a situation in which state and political elites have gained increased autonomy.

The Israeli Coalition System

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Z. Paltiel
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The Stability ◽  
State Of Israel

ANALYSTS OF THE ISRAELI POLITICAL SYSTEM HAVE COMMONLY attributed the stability of the polity to factors closely associated with the role played by the various Israeli parties in the state's economic and social life, and/or to the existence of a dominant, institutionalized state-building party. The consociational approach ought to help to clarify those factors which have maintained the stability of the coalition system which has governed the state of Israel since its establishment in 1948 and whose roots may be traced back as far as 1933 and even earlier.The consociational model and the theory of elite accommodation have been elaborated in an effort to explain the maintenance of continuing political stability in what at first glance would appear to be societies deeply divided along social, economic, ethnic, religious and ideological lines. Political stability in fragmented societies from this standpoint rests on the overarching commitment of the political elites to the preservation and maintenance of the system and their readiness to cooperate to this end.

scholarly journals National Minorities in the Post-Revolutionary Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kateryna Haertel
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Linguistic Minorities ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Minority Politics ◽  
National Minorities

Abstract This study looks into Ukraine’s minority politics after the Revolution of Dignity of 2014. It analyses the inclusivity of minority politics against three key parameters – institutional framework, dialogue mechanisms, and non-discriminatory policies. The research is conducted through an in-depth comparison analysis of minority politics of two post-revolutionary presidents – Petro Poroshenko (full term) and Volodymyr Zelenskyi (first two years). The conclusion is made that the political elites failed to drive an inclusive course towards ethno-linguistic minorities. The inclusivity along the three criteria has been provided impetus either on ad-hoc basis or not at all. On the level of policies, a regression can be observed. The underlying cause for the state not succeeding in achieving an inclusive minority course is that the two administrations had predominantly divergent motives for addressing this topic. As a result, the implementation of some inclusivity-oriented measures suffered and the minority-related discourse became highly politicized.

scholarly journals The Use Of Hermeneutics Double Movement Fazlur Rahman In Comprehending Hadith Of The Unsuccessful Leadership Of Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Faiq Ainurrofiq
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Double Movement

This study examines the hadith about the failure of a nation when led by women. Textually, the meaning of the hadith is contrary to social reality that exhibits the number of women to become leaders in the political sphere. Using the contextual approach of double movement hermeneutics, Fazlur Rahman, this study compares textualist and contextualist methods in interpreting the hadith based on the meaning of the text and the historical, social and political context that underlie the emergence of the hadith. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the cause of a person's inability to be a leader was not because of his gender but because of lacking the capacity to be a leader. It can be found leaders who fail because they do not have leadership capacity, only with popularity, money, and political dynasties, and less capable in leadership. Lastly, this type of leader is addressed by the hadith, not the focus on gender

scholarly journals The Nation-State and the Origins of Secondary Education in Argentina: The Case of the Colegio Nacional (National School)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicitas Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Key Words ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Nation State ◽  
National School ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Unification

This article focuses on the origins of secondary education in Argentina. Inparticular, it explores the possible relations between the modelling of educationalinstitutions intended for the formation of political elites and the fabrication of thenation-state. In Argentina, the creation of free, compulsory elementary educationwas preceded by the development of secondary education through the setting up ofthe colegio nacional. These schools were formed during the political unification ofthe national territory after domestic post-independence wars. Note the name givento these institutions: national schools. How did the nation and the state appear inthe organization of national schools? The article explores this question analyzingschool curricula and rectors’ reports during the configuration of the colegio nacionalbetween 1863 and 1890.Key words: curricula; configuration; national; territory; secondary schools.

scholarly journals Contextual meanings of political vocabulary

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-457
Author(s):  
Denis L. Karpov ◽  
Daria A. Soloveva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Political Vocabulary ◽  
The Russian Language

Political vocabulary is one of the most relevant subjects of study of modern linguistics, constantly updated, it serves as an indicator of the state of the political sphere of society and the political consciousness of a person. The article is devoted to lexemes that have firmly entered the current political vocabulary of our time: democracy, liberal, patriotism, patriot, nationalism, nationalist, opposition, president. Based on the analysis of modern explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, as well as the dictionary of political terms, it is concluded that terminological, special vocabulary in the modern political language is often used in an unusual meaning. In the article, using the method of contextual analysis, the evaluative connotative element of the meaning of the indicated lexemes is investigated. It is concluded that lexemes acquire a positive or negative evaluative value, first of all, depending on the context, the actual terminological meaning is leveled when used. The revealed meanings are non-systemic, accordingly, they are not fixed in dictionaries, while they are obvious to the carrier and are frequent. This indicates the specific nature of the modern political language, which is influenced by the modern journalistic style. The research results can be used to analyze controversial cases of the use of political vocabulary.

Georgia and Armenia between apathy and revolution: Civic culture and stability of grey zone regimes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Brunnbauer
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Transformation Theory ◽  
Political Processes

The declaration of the ‘end of the transition paradigm’ at the dawn of the new millennium provoked a rethinking in transformation theory, as it challenged the dichotomy of democratic and authoritarian systems and the ‘finality’ of transformation. This study contributes to the debate on hybrid political systems, critically assessing established theoretical models of political cul-ture and stability with a view to their applicability in the post-Soviet environment. On the basis of comprehensive field research, the study compares Georgia and Armenia as most similar cases, which inherited similar legacies from their common Soviet past but showed different developments of regime persistence, instability and democratization processes since gaining independence and sovereignty. While Georgia experienced ups and downs of its democratization efforts, Armenia was considered a stable semi-consolidated authoritarian system until the Velvet Revolution, which can be regarded as an important ‘reset’ in Armenia’s recent history. In a comparative approach this study analyses critical hues of stability in the political ‘grey zone’ while concentrating on the intermediary structure of both countries. Given its mediating function within the political system, the intermediary sphere of civil society actors and political elites instructively reflects the (dis)connect between citizens and the state. Focusing the analysis on the intermediary sphere provides valuable insights into the dynamics of political processes and decision-making, the articulation of interests independent from the state and the formation and recruitment of elites. By taking a critical look at the very constitution of the nexus of political elites and civil society as well as interlinkages and impacts, the major finding is that the mutual influence of political culture and political structure on stability can be confirmed in both countries’ context. Thereby, the study identifies key differences in regime configurations that impact persistence in the political grey zone.

Reflections on the State of Political Science

1955 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Morgenthau
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Sphere

In plato's Theaetetus Socrates develops the character of the philosopher, the man of knowledge, in contrast to the atheoretical, practical man.* He endeavors to demonstrate the distinctive qualities of the philosopher by emphasizing his peculiar attitude towards the political sphere.First, the philosopher has no political ambitions, and he does not care about what is going on in the political sphere.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM PROSES IMPEACHMENT PRESIDEN MENURUT SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fauzan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Law

The authority of the Constitutional Court to adjudicate and decide upon the opinion of the House of Representatives that the President and/or vice  president has violated the law of treason to the state, corruption, bribery, other felonies, or moral turpitude, and/or that the President and /or Vice President no longer meets the conditions as President and/or Vice President are normative efforts to avoid a repeat of dismisal that are soley based on slander and suspicion which are only to satisfy the political interests of political elites. Key words : The authority of the Constitutional Court, Impeachment

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