Agomelatine Treatment Corrects Depressive-like Behaviour Induced by Chronic Constant Light Exposure through Modulation of Circadian Rhythm of Corticosterone Release

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Tchekalarova ◽  
Tsveta Stoyanova ◽  
Rumyana Gesheva ◽  
Milena Atanasova
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Corticosterone Release

PS2 - 10. Constant light exposure disturbs circadian rhythm in energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Claudia P. Coomans ◽  
Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg ◽  
Thijs Houben ◽  
Jan B. van Klinken ◽  
Amanda C. M. Pronk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Constant Light

scholarly journals Melatonin Orchestrates Lipid Homeostasis through the Hepatointestinal Circadian Clock and Microbiota during Constant Light Exposure

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Hong ◽  
Shijia Pan ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Tingting Xue ◽  
Jialin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Misalignment between natural light rhythm and modern life activities induces disruption of the circadian rhythm. It is mainly evident that light at night (LAN) interferes with the human endocrine system and contributes to the increasing rates of obesity and lipid metabolic disease. Maintaining hepatointestinal circadian homeostasis is vital for improving lipid homeostasis. Melatonin is a chronobiotic substance that plays a main role in stabilizing bodily rhythm and has shown beneficial effects in protecting against obesity. Based on the dual effect of circadian rhythm regulation and antiobesity, we tested the effect of melatonin in mice under constant light exposure. Exposure to 24-h constant light (LL) increased weight and insulin resistance compared with those of the control group (12-h light–12-h dark cycle, LD), and simultaneous supplementation in the melatonin group (LLM) ameliorated this phenotype. Constant light exposure disturbed the expression pattern of a series of transcripts, including lipid metabolism, circadian regulation and nuclear receptors in the liver. Melatonin also showed beneficial effects in improving lipid metabolism and circadian rhythm homeostasis. Furthermore, the LL group had increased absorption and digestion of lipids in the intestine as evidenced by the elevated influx of lipids in the duodenum and decrease in the efflux of lipids in the jejunum. More interestingly, melatonin ameliorated the gut microbiota dysbiosis and improved lipid efflux from the intestine. Thus, these findings offer a novel clue regarding the obesity-promoting effect attributed to LAN and suggest a possibility for obesity therapy by melatonin in which melatonin could ameliorate rhythm disorder and intestinal dysbiosis.

Constant light exposure impairs immune tolerance development in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Mizutani ◽  
Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka ◽  
Yoichi Minami ◽  
Kazuhiro Yagita ◽  
Norito Katoh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Tolerance Development

INTERACTIONS OF THE PINEAL AND EXPOSURE TO CONTINUOUS LIGHT ON ORGAN WEIGHTS OF FEMALE RATS

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jay Wurtman ◽  
Willard Roth ◽  
Mark D. Altschule ◽  
Judith J. Wurtman
Keyword(s):  
Light Exposure ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Bovine Pineal Extracts ◽  
Pineal Extracts ◽  
Effect Of Light

ABSTRACT Either exposure to constant light for 80 days or pinealectomy produced similar changes in the weights of the ovaries and adrenals of female rats. These were not additive when both procedures were employed. Pinealectomy did not share with light-exposure the capacity to induce uterine hypertrophy. Rats exposed to constant light for 56 days had lighter pineals than animals kept in darkness; this decrease was not affected by administration of bovine pineal extracts. The increase in ovarian weight produced in rats by exposure to light for 56 days was prevented by bovine pineal extracts, but these extracts were without effect on the uterine hypertrophy produced under the same conditions. These data suggest that the effect of light upon the weight of the ovary is mediated via the pineal.

Application of melatonin for prevention and treatment of circadian rhythm disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
A. S. SAMOYLOV ◽  
◽  
N. V. RYLOVA ◽  
A. V. ZHOLINSKIY ◽  
I. V. BOLSHAKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Time Of Administration ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Disorders

The article presents data from the Russian and foreign literature of the properties of melatonin, its role in the vital activity of the body and the regulation of circadian rhythms. The features of using the drug in desynchronosis, the optimal dosage and time of administration, as well as the possibility of its use in combination with non-pharmacological treatment methods are discussed. These methods include dosed light exposure and exercise. Additionally, new studies are considered, indicating the beneficial effect of melatonin and its agonists on the immune, cardiovascular, endocrine and nervous systems. Based on the collected data, it is asserted that melatonin can significantly accelerate the process of adaptation to a new time zone without the development of side effects. Therefore, this drug is the most effective and safe treatment for desynchronosis. It is also important to note that the study of the multifaceted effects of melatonin on body functions opens up great prospects in the treatment of many diseases.

Abstract P160: Non-invasive Method to Assess Human Circadian Rhythms

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daian Chen ◽  
S Justin Thomas ◽  
David A Calhoun ◽  
David M Pollock ◽  
Jennifer S Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Salivary Melatonin

Circadian rhythms are controlled by an endogenous time-keeping system oscillating approximately on a 24-h cycle under constant conditions. These rhythms depend on a network of interacting genes and proteins, including transcriptional activators such as CLOCK, NPAS2, and ARNTL (BMAL1), which induce transcription of the clock genes Period ( Per1 , Per2 , and Per3 ) and Cryptochrome ( Cry1 and Cry2 ). Human salivary cortisol and melatonin follow a clear circadian rhythm as well. Disruption of the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycles are considered risk factors for a variety of health problems, especially hypertension and other cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Here we put together practical methods for assessing circadian rhythms in adult subjects conducted by each individual. This method is non-invasive, inexpensive and provides a predictive profile of an individual’s circadian rhythm related to clock-controlled gene expression in buccal cells, salivary cortisol, salivary melatonin, and subject’s activity or sleep. Subjects are instructed on how to obtain buccal cells using swabs (Whatman OmniSwab) from the inside of their cheeks and collect saliva using salivettes (Sarstedt) every 4 hours starting at 6am, for 2 consecutive days. Subjects also wear actigraphy watches (Phillips Respironics) during the 2 days, to record their activity, light exposure and estimates of sleep times. To monitor adherence to correct time point collections, each subject is given an electronic vial called eCAP (Information Mediary Corp) that records the exact time the container is opened to place samples once collected. We demonstrate feasibility to extract up to 150ng/μl of RNA (Ambion RNAqueous-Micro Total RNA Isolation Kit) from buccal cells swabs. Salivary melatonin and cortisol are measured by radioimmunoassay (Buhlmann Lab) with melatonin peak levels ranging from 14 to 23 pg/ml and cortisol peak levels ranging from 10 to 24 ng/ml. We suggest that buccal cell expression of clock-controlled genes, salivary melatonin, salivary cortisol, and actigraphy data are valuable in providing reliable assessment of human circadian rhythm profiles under a variety of conditions.

Molecular Cloning, Characterisation, Tissue Distribution, and mRNA Expression Changes under Different Light Regimes of Brain and Muscle Arnt-Like Protein-1 (BMAL1) in Columba Livia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
H.M. Yang ◽  
Y.B. Li ◽  
W. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Full Length Cdna ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Significant Difference

Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) plays an important role in circadian rhythm, which is involved in daily behaviours and physiological activities. However, little is known about the molecular function of BMAL1 in the Pigeon ( Columba livia). In our study, the full-length cDNA of Bmal1 was cloned and sequenced from the Pigeon for the first time, and submitted to the GenBank to obtain the accession number (KF906247). The full-length cDNA of Bmal1 consists of 2,488 nucleotides, and encodes 634 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it bore the greatest similarity to Bmal1 from the Chicken ( Gallus gallus) and Barn Owl ( Tyto alba). The amino acid sequence of the Pigeon BMAL1 contained a HLH domain and two PAS domains, which are involved in forming hetero-homodimers with the CLOCK as the positive element of the circadian rhythm. The results of real-time quantitative PCR of Bmal1 under different light regimes showed that the amplitude and expression pattern of Bmal1 were strongly affected by day length. Bmal1 was most highly expressed in the pancreas. Relative to Bmal1 expression level under 12 h of light exposure, it was increased significantly in the pituitary gland, ovary and uterus under 15 h of light exposure ( P < 0.05). However, other tissues, including the hypothalamus, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, intestines, crureus, and pectorals exhibited no significant difference ( P < 0.05) under the two light regimes. This is the first study to investigate Bmal1 mRNA levels in various tissues under different light cycles, and thereby provide data for further study of the molecular and regulatory mechanisms of Bmal1 and circadian clock genes of the Pigeon.

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