scholarly journals Sense of coherence and risk of breast cancer

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejia Hu ◽  
Mikael Eriksson ◽  
Yvonne Wengström ◽  
Kamila Czene ◽  
Per Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Incident Breast Cancer

Sense of coherence (SoC) is the origin of health according to Antonovsky. The link between SoC and risk of cancer has however rarely been assessed. We performed a cohort study of 46,436 women from the Karolinska Mammography Project for Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer (Karma). Participants answered a SoC-13 questionnaire at recruitment to Karma and were subsequently followed up for incident breast cancer. Multivariate Cox models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) of breast cancer in relation to SoC. We identified 771 incident cases of breast cancer during follow-up (median time: 5.2 years). No association was found between SoC, either as a categorical (strong vs. weak SoC, HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90–1.29) or continuous (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00–1.17 per standard deviation increase of SoC) variable, and risk of breast cancer. In summary, we found little evidence to support an association between SoC and risk of breast cancer.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness among healthcare workers in Portugal: results from a hospital-based cohort study, December 2020 to November 2021

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Gaio ◽  
Adriana Silva ◽  
Palmira Amaral ◽  
João Faro Viana ◽  
Pedro Pinto Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Tagus Valley

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCW) were amongst the first prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination but data on COVID–19 vaccine effectiveness among HCW is still limited. This study aims to estimate the COVID–19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS–CoV–2 symptomatic infection among HCW from Portuguese hospitals. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we analysed data from HCW (all professional categories) from two central hospitals in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley and Centre regions of mainland Portugal between December 2020 and November 2021. VE against symptomatic SARS–CoV–2 infection was estimated as one minus the confounder adjusted hazard ratios by Cox models considering age group, sex, presence of chronic disease and occupational exposure to patients diagnosed with COVID–19 as adjustment variables. Results: During the 11 months of follow up, the 2213 HCW contributed a total of 1950 person-years at risk and 171 SARS–CoV–2 events occurred. The COVID–19 incidence rate for unvaccinated HCW was 348.7 per 1000 person-years while for fully vaccinated HCW was 43.0 per 1000 person-years. We observed a VE against symptomatic SARS–CoV–2 infection of 73.9% (95% CI: 26.2–90.8%) for complete vaccination status. Conclusion: This cohort study found a high COVID-19 VE against symptomatic SARS–CoV–2 infection in Portuguese HCW, which is in concordance with previous studies from other countries. Monitoring of VE in this HCW cohort continues during the winter 2021/2022 to evaluate potential VE decay and booster vaccine effect. Keywords: Vaccine effectiveness, SARS–CoV–2 , COVID–19, symptomatic infection, healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Dietary inflammatory index before diagnosis and survival in an Italian cohort of women with breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 1456-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Zucchetto ◽  
Diego Serraino ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hébert ◽  
Carmen Stocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Usual Diet ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Italian Cohort

AbstractThe dietary inflammatory indexTM (DII) has been shown to correlate with concentrations of several inflammatory markers and a variety of chronic disease endpoints, including cancers of various anatomic sites. We investigated whether the DII was associated with the risk for death among women with breast cancer (BrCa). This retrospective cohort study included 1453 women with BrCa, diagnosed between 1990 and 1994, and previously enrolled in a case–control study in northern Italy. With a median follow-up of 12·6 years, we observed 503 deaths, among which 398 were due to BrCa. The usual diet was assessed at BrCa diagnosis using a validated FFQ. DII scores were calculated using thirty-one foods/nutrients. Hazard ratios (HR) of death from all causes or from BrCa, with corresponding 95 % CI, were calculated using the Cox models, adjusted for age at diagnosis, tumour stage, oestrogen/progesterone receptor status and other potential confounders. The median DII score of the study women was −1·23, with a relatively narrow range (interquartile range −2·24 to −0·11), indicating a mainly anti-inflammatory diet. There was no difference in survival according to DII tertiles, neither considering all-cause mortality (HRtertile III v. I 1·00; 95 % CI 0·78, 1·28) nor BrCa-specific mortality (HRtertile III v. I 0·97; 95 % CI 0·73, 1·27). Study findings did not suggest an association between the inflammatory potential of diet, measured by the DII, and the survival of BrCa women. However, further studies are needed in populations reporting higher DII scores and a broader range of variability in the scores.

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
María Encarnación Andreu-Reinón ◽  
María Dolores Chirlaque ◽  
Diana Gavrila ◽  
Pilar Amiano ◽  
Javier Mar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Dementia Incidence ◽  
Diet History ◽  
Large Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Incident Cases

The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown to reduce the occurrence of several chronic diseases. To evaluate its potential protective role on dementia incidence we studied 16,160 healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain Dementia Cohort study recruited between 1992–1996 and followed up for a mean (±SD) of 21.6 (±3.4) years. A total of 459 incident cases of dementia were ascertained through expert revision of medical records. Data on habitual diet was collected through a validated diet history method to assess adherence to the relative Mediterranean Diet (rMED) score. Hazard ratios (HR) of dementia by rMED levels (low, medium and high adherence levels: ≤6, 7–10 and ≥11 points, respectively) were estimated using multivariable Cox models, whereas time-dependent effects were evaluated using flexible parametric Royston-Parmar (RP) models. Results of the fully adjusted model showed that high versus low adherence to the categorical rMED score was associated with a 20% (HR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.60–1.06) lower risk of dementia overall and HR of dementia was 8% (HR = 0.92, 0.85–0.99, p = 0.021) lower for each 2-point increment of the continuous rMED score. By sub-types, a favorable association was also found in women for non-AD (HR per 2-points = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62–0.89), while not statistically significant in men for AD (HR per 2-points = 0.88, 0.76–1.01). The association was stronger in participants with lower education. In conclusion, in this large prospective cohort study MD was inversely associated with dementia incidence after accounting for major cardiovascular risk factors. The results differed by dementia sub-type, sex, and education but there was no significant evidence of effect modification.

scholarly journals 325 - Relationship quality in dementia: Preliminary longitudinal analyses of the EU-JPND Actifcare cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
Maria J. Marques ◽  
Bob Woods ◽  
Eva Y.L. Tan ◽  
Marjolein de Vugt ◽  
Frans Verhey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTIONRelationship quality (RQ) in dyads of persons with dementia and their family carers is important both as a clinical outcome and as a determinant of health and quality of life. In previous work we studied RQ using baseline data of a large-scale European longitudinal study on timely access to and use of community formal services in dementia (EU-JPND Acticare). We concluded that neuropsychiatric symptoms and carer stress contributed to discrepancies in RQ ratings within the dyad, which were less favourable when reported by family carers. This and other associations (e.g. between carer-rated RQ and sense of coherence) were cautiously interpreted, in the context of a cross-sectional analysis.OBJECTIVESTo analyse how carer-reported RQ varies over time and to examine its most important influencing factors.METHODSWe present preliminary longitudinal analyses from the Actifcare cohort study of 451 community-dwelling persons with dementia and their primary carers in eight European countries (12-month follow-up). Comprehensive assessments included the Positive Affect Index (PAI) to assess RQ, persons with dementia’s neuropsychiatric symptoms, persons with dementia and carers’ unmet needs, carers’ anxiety and depression, social support, sense of coherence and stress.RESULTSCarers’ mean PAI scores decreased over the 12 -month period. The person with dementia neuropsychiatric symptoms and unmet needs, and carers’ perceived social support were significant predictors of carers’ RQ change.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONWe analysed carer-reported RQ variation over time and predictors in a large European sample of persons with dementia and their family carers. As expected, RQ decreased over the oneyear follow-up period as the disease progressed. Its main predictors in this sample (neuropsychiatric symptoms and the person’s unmet needs, together with carers’ social support) can all influence the impact that caregiving has on the carer and on how time and energy-consuming caregiving is. The role of increased clinical symptoms (also affecting communication difficulties), together with carers’ exhaustion, must be equated. Overall, these results may help us to tailor interventions addressing RQ and potentially improve dementia outcomes.

Sickness absence following breast cancer surgery: a two-year follow-up cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena-Marie Petersson ◽  
Marjan Vaez ◽  
Marie I. Nilsson ◽  
Fredrik Saboonchi ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery

scholarly journals Risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers following incident non-metastatic breast cancer: a Danish population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000413
Author(s):  
Kasper Adelborg ◽  
Dóra Körmendiné Farkas ◽  
Jens Sundbøll ◽  
Lidia Schapira ◽  
Suzanne Tamang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveWe examined the risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers in women with breast cancer and compared this risk with that of the general population.DesignUsing population-based Danish registries, we conducted a cohort study of women with incident non-metastatic breast cancer (1990–2017). We computed cumulative cancer incidences and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs).ResultsAmong 84 972 patients with breast cancer, we observed 2340 gastrointestinal cancers. After 20 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal cancers was 4%, driven mainly by colon cancers. Only risk of stomach cancer was continually increased beyond 1 year following breast cancer. The SIR for colon cancer was neutral during 2–5 years of follow-up and approximately 1.2-fold increased thereafter. For cancer of the oesophagus, the SIR was increased only during 6–10 years. There was a weak association with pancreas cancer beyond 10 years. Between 1990–2006 and 2007–2017, the 1–10 years SIR estimate decreased and reached unity for upper gastrointestinal cancers (oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine). For lower gastrointestinal cancers (colon, rectum, and anal canal), the SIR estimate was increased only after 2007. No temporal effects were observed for the remaining gastrointestinal cancers. Treatment effects were negligible.ConclusionBreast cancer survivors were at increased risk of oesophagus and stomach cancer, but only before 2007. The risk of colon cancer was increased, but only after 2007.

scholarly journals Differential cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients: a population-based matched cohort study in Wales (United Kingdom)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv12-iv12
Author(s):  
Michael T C Poon ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Paul M Brennan ◽  
Jonine Figueroa ◽  
Cathie Sudlow
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aims There is limited evidence on cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients. We aimed to compare cerebrovascular risks of these patients with the general population. Method We used population-based routine healthcare and administrative data linkage in this matched cohort study. Cases were adult glioblastoma and meningioma patients diagnosed in Wales 2000-2014 identified in the cancer registry. Controls from cancer-free general population were matched to cases (5:1 ratio) on age (±5 years), sex and GP practice. Factors included in multivariable models were age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, history of cardiovascular disease, and medications for cardiovascular diseases. Outcomes were fatal and non-fatal haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. We used flexible parametric models adjusting for confounders to calculate the hazard ratios (HR). Results Final analytic population was 16,921 participants, of which 1,340 had glioblastoma and 1,498 had meningioma. The median follow-up time was 0.5 year for glioblastoma patients, 4.9 years for meningioma patients, and 6.6 years for controls. The number of haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke was 154 and 374 in the glioblastoma matched cohort, respectively, and 180 and 569 in the meningioma matched cohort, respectively. The adjusted HRs for haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke were 3.74 (95%CI 1.87-6.57) and 5.62 (95%CI 2.56-10.42) in glioblastoma patients, respectively, and were 2.42 (95%CI 1.58-3.52) and 1.86 (95%CI 1.54-2.23) in meningioma patients compared with their controls. Conclusion Glioblastoma and meningioma patients had higher cerebrovascular risks; these risks were even higher for glioblastoma patients. Further assessment of these potentially modifiable risks may improve survivorship.

scholarly journals FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS AND PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF TUMOUR MARKER CA 15-3 ON PATIENTS OF BREAST CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 656-660
Author(s):  
Anjali Vinocha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Introduction:Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with 5- and 10-year relative survival rates are 91% and 84%, respectively for women with invasive breast cancer. This study aimed to detect the role of serum breast cancer marker CA 15-3 for early detection of metastasis, relapse or recurrence for management of breast cancer patients. Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study with a total of 132 breast cancer patients from the year 2010 to march 2020 were taken and followed up. For these patients demographic, biochemical parameters, radiological and clico-pathological data were collected and analysed. Result: The mean age at the time of presentation and mean duration of follow-up was 47 years and 31 months respectively. There was elevation in the serum level of CA 15-3 at the time of diagnosis of metastasis, recurrence or residual disease in 41 patients. This shows that sensitivity of elevated CA 15-3 (> 30 IU/ml) level in Ca Breast patients was 84%, 75 % and 75 % with respect to metastasis, recurrence and relapse. Log Rank test Chi- square value was 7.39 which was statistically significant (p=0.007). Cox proportional hazard model was created for effect of age at presentation, CA 15-3 at the time of diagnosis and MRM on distant metastasis and was statistically significant (p=0.037). Conclusion: We recommend that for the management of breast cancer patients, Cancer antigen (CA 15-3) levels can be used as prognostic marker for early diagnosis of metastasis, recurrence or relapse.

scholarly journals Reported fried food consumption and the incidence of hypertension in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Sayon-Orea ◽  
Maira Bes-Rastrollo ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Itziar Zazpe ◽  
Francisco J. Basterra-Gortari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Fried Foods ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Incident Cases

Reported associations between the consumption of fried foods and the incidence of obesity or weight gain make it likely that fried food consumption might also be associated with the development of hypertension. However, evidence from long-term prospective studies is scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to longitudinally evaluate this association in a prospective cohort. The SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project is a Mediterranean cohort study of university graduates conducted in Spain, which started in December 1999 and is still ongoing. In the present study, we included 13 679 participants (5059 men and 8620 women), free of hypertension at baseline with a mean age of 36·5 (sd 10·8) years. Total fried food consumption was estimated at baseline. The outcome was the incidence of a medical diagnosis of self-reported hypertension during the follow-up period. To assess the association between the consumption of fried foods and the subsequent risk of developing incident hypertension during the follow-up period, Cox regression models were used. During a median follow-up period of 6·3 years, 1232 incident cases of hypertension were identified. After adjusting for potential confounders, the adjusted hazard ratios for developing hypertension were 1·18 (95 % CI 1·03, 1·36) and 1·21 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·41) for those consuming fried foods 2–4 and >4 times/week, respectively, compared with those consuming fried foods < 2 times/week (P for trend = 0·009). In conclusion, frequent consumption of fried foods at baseline was found to be associated with a higher risk of hypertension during the follow-up period in a Mediterranean cohort of university graduates.

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